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2020 United States Senate election in Alabama

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2020 United States Senate election in Alabama
BERJAYA
← 2017 (special)
November 3, 2020
2026 →
Turnout63.1% Increase[1]
  BERJAYA BERJAYA
Nominee Tommy Tuberville Doug Jones
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,392,076 920,478
Percentage 60.10% 39.74%
BERJAYA
BERJAYA
BERJAYA
Tuberville:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Jones:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50%      No data
U.S. senator before election

Doug Jones
Democratic

 Elected U.S. senator

Tommy Tuberville
Republican

The 2020 United States Senate election in Alabama was held on November 3, 2020, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Alabama, concurrently with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections. Incumbent senator Doug Jones, first elected in a 2017 special election in what was widely labeled a major upset, ran for a full term, facing Tommy Tuberville in the general election. This race was one of two Democratic-held U.S. Senate seats up for election in 2020 in a state President Trump won in 2016.[2]

Jones was widely considered the most vulnerable senator among those seeking re-election in 2020 due to Alabama's heavy Republican lean, with analysts predicting a Republican pickup; Jones's 2017 win was in part due to sexual misconduct allegations against his Republican opponent Roy Moore.[3]

As was predicted, Tuberville easily defeated Jones,[4][5][6][7] whose 20.36% margin of defeat was the largest for an incumbent U.S. Senator since Arkansas' Blanche Lincoln in 2010. Tuberville received the highest percentage of the vote for any challenger since Joseph D. Tydings in 1964. Jones became the first Democratic senator to lose a general election in Alabama, and the only Democratic senator to be defeated in 2020. However, he outperformed Biden in the state by about five points. This was the only Republican flip of the 2020 U.S. Senate elections.

Democratic primary

[edit]

The candidate filing deadline was November 8, 2019. Jones ran unopposed.[8][9]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]

Declined

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Doug Jones

U.S. senators

U.S. representatives

Local officials

Individuals

Organizations

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]

Eliminated in runoff

[edit]

Eliminated in primary

[edit]

Withdrew

[edit]

Declined

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Bradley Byrne (eliminated)

Federal officials

State officials

Arnold Mooney (eliminated)

Federal officials

Organizations

Individuals

Jeff Sessions (eliminated)

Federal officials

Organizations

Individuals

Tommy Tuberville

Federal officials

State officials

Organizations

Individuals

First round

[edit]

Polling

[edit]
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Stanley
Adair		 Mo
Brooks		 Bradley
Byrne		 Del
Marsh		 John
Merrill		 Arnold
Mooney		 Roy
Moore		 Ruth
Page
Nelson		 Gary
Palmer		 Jeff
Sessions		 Tommy
Tuberville		 Other Undecided
WPA Intelligence[63][A] February 18–19, 2020 607 (LV) ± 4% <1% – 17% – – <1% 5% – – 29% 32% <1% 15%
WPA Intelligence[64][A] February 10–12, 2020 600 (LV) ± 4% <1% – 17% – – 1% 6% <1% – 34% 29% – 15%
Harper Polling[65][B] February 8–9, 2020 609 (LV) ± 3.97% – – 26% – – – 5% – – 31% 24% – 14%
Mason-Dixon[66] February 4–6, 2020 400 (LV) ± 5.0% – – 17% – – – 5% – – 31% 29% 2% 16%
OnMessage[67][C] January 13–15, 2020 700 (LV) ± 2.5% – – 22% – – – – – – 43% 21% – –
OnMessage[68][C] December 3–5, 2019 700 (LV) ± 3.7% – – 14% – – 1% 7% 1% – 44% 21% – 12%
Cherry Communications[69][D] December 1–3, 2019 600 (LV) ± 4.0% 1% – 12% – – 1% 8% – – 35% 31% – –
WPA Intelligence[70][A] October 29–31, 2019 511 (V) ± 4.4% – – 11% – 6% 2% 11% – – 36% 23% – –
Cygnal[71] October 10–12, 2019 536 (LV) – 1% – 18% – 9% 2% 11% – – – 32% – 28%
Tommy for Senate[72][E] Released on
October 5, 2019		 – (LV)[b] – 1% – 13% – 9% 1% 15% – – – 36% – 26%
Moore Information[73][F] August 11–13, 2019 400 (LV) ± 5.0% – – 17% – 13% 1% 15% – – – 33% 3% 17%
Cygnal[74] June 22–23, 2019 612 (LV)  4.0% – – 21% – 12% 2% 13% – – – 29% – 22%
– – 13% – 8% – 9% – – 29% 21% – –
Moore Information[75][F] June 10–11, 2019 650 (LV) ± 4.0% – – 16% – 7% 2% 18% – – – 23% 6% 28%
Mason-Dixon[76] April 9–11, 2019 400 (RV) ± 5.0% – 18% 13% 4% – – 27% – 11% – – 2%[c] 25%
Victory Phones[77][G] Released in
February 2019		 400 (LV) ± 5.0% – 30% 17% 7% – – – – 12% – – 6% 27%

Primary results

[edit]
BERJAYA
Initial primary round results by county
  Tuberville
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  Sessions
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  Byrne
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
Republican primary results[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Tommy Tuberville 239,616 33.39%
Republican Jeff Sessions 227,088 31.64%
Republican Bradley Byrne 178,627 24.89%
Republican Roy Moore 51,377 7.16%
Republican Ruth Page Nelson 7,200 1.00%
Republican Arnold Mooney 7,149 1.00%
Republican Stanley Adair 6,608 0.92%
Total votes 717,665 100.00%

Runoff

[edit]

The runoff for the Republican Senate nomination was planned for March 31, 2020,[79] but it was delayed until July 14 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[80]

Polling

[edit]
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Jeff
Sessions		 Tommy
Tuberville		 Other /
Undecided
Auburn University at Montgomery[81] July 2–9, 2020 558 (RV) ± 6% 31% 47% 22%[d]
OnMessage (R)[82][C] May 26–27, 2020 600 (LV) ± 3.46% 43% 49% 8%[e]
FM3 Research (D)[83][H] May 14–18, 2020 – (LV)[b] – 32% 54% 14%[f]
Cygnal[84] May 7–10, 2020 607 (LV) ± 3.98% 32% 55% 13%
FM3 Research (D)[83][H] March, 2020 – (LV)[b] – 36% 54% 10%[g]
OnMessage (R)[85][C] March 8–9, 2020 800 (LV) ± 3.46% 45% 45% 10%
Cygnal[86] March 6–8, 2020 645 (LV) + 3.86% 40% 52% 8%
Moore Information Group[87][F] March 5–7, 2020 400 (LV) ± 5% 38% 49% 13%
WT&S Consulting[88] March 5, 2020 1,234 (LV) + 3.29% 42% 49% 8%[e]
Mason-Dixon[66] February 4–6, 2020 400 (LV) ± 5.0% 49% 42% 9%

Results

[edit]
BERJAYA
Runoff results by county
  Tuberville
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
  Sessions
  •   50–60%
Republican primary runoff results[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Tommy Tuberville 334,675 60.73%
Republican Jeff Sessions 216,452 39.27%
Total votes 551,127 100.00%

Independents

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Withdrawn

[edit]

General election

[edit]

Predictions

[edit]
Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report[97] Lean R (flip) October 29, 2020
Inside Elections[98] Lean R (flip) October 28, 2020
Sabato's Crystal Ball[99] Likely R (flip) November 2, 2020
Daily Kos[100] Likely R (flip) October 30, 2020
Politico[101] Lean R (flip) November 2, 2020
RCP[102] Likely R (flip) October 23, 2020
DDHQ[103] Safe R (flip) November 3, 2020
538[104] Likely R (flip) November 2, 2020
Economist[105] Safe R (flip) November 2, 2020

Post-primary endorsements

[edit]
Tommy Tuberville (R)

Senators

Organizations

Polling

[edit]
%support01020304050602020/02/062020/07/092020/10/142020/11/01Tommy TubervilleDoug JonesOther/Undecided2020 United States Senate election in Alabama Polling
View source data.
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Tommy
Tuberville (R)		 Other Undecided
Swayable[116] October 27 – November 1, 2020 294 (LV) ± 8.5% 42% 58% – –
Data for Progress[117] October 27 – November 1, 2020 1,045 (LV) ± 3% 44% 56% 0%[h] –
Morning Consult[118] October 22–31, 2020 850 (LV) ± 3% 39% 51% – –
Auburn University At Montgomery[119] October 23–28, 2020 853 (LV) ± 4.4% 43% 54% 3% –
Swayable[120] October 23–26, 2020 232 (LV) ± 8.7% 46% 54% – –
Cygnal[121] October 21–23, 2020 645 (LV) ± 3.9% 41% 55% – 4%
Moore Information (R)[122][F] October 11–14, 2020 504 (LV) ± 4.5% 40% 55% – –
FM3 Research (D)[123][H] October 11–14, 2020 801 (LV) ± 3.5% 48% 47% – 5%[i]
Auburn University at Montgomery[124] September 30 – October 3, 2020 1,072 (RV) ± 4.0% 42% 54% 4% –
Morning Consult[125] September 11–20, 2020 658 (LV) ± (2% – 7%) 34% 52% – –
Morning Consult[126] July 24 – August 2, 2020 609 (LV) ± 4.0% 35% 52% 4%[j] 9%
Auburn University at Montgomery[127] July 2–9, 2020 567 (RV) ± 5.1% 36% 44% 7%[k] 14%
WPA Intelligence (R)[128][K] June 29 – July 2, 2020 509 (LV)[l] ± 3.8% 40% 50% – –
ALG Research (D)[129] June 18–22, 2020 600 (LV) ± 4.0% 44% 47% 1% 8%
Cygnal (R)[130] June 13–16, 2020 530 (LV) ± 4.3% 36% 50% 2%[m] 13%
FM3 Research (D)[83][H] May 14–18, 2020 601 (LV) ± 4.0% 44% 47% – 9%
Mason-Dixon[66] February 4–6, 2020 625 (RV) ± 4.0% 42% 50% – 8%
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 40% 47% – 13%
Hypothetical polling

With Jeff Sessions

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Jeff
Sessions (R)		 Other Undecided
Auburn University at Montgomery[132] July 2–9, 2020 567 (RV) ± 5.1% 43% 49% 7%[n] 1%
ALG Research (D)[129] June 18–22, 2020 600 (LV) ± 4.0% 43% 45% 3% 9%
Cygnal (R)[130] June 13–16, 2020 530 (LV) ± 4.3% 35% 45% 3%[o] 18%
Mason-Dixon[66] February 4–6, 2020 625 (RV) ± 4.0% 41% 54% – 5%
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 41% 46% – 13%

With Bradley Byrne

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Bradley
Byrne (R)		 Undecided
AL Daily News/Mason-Dixon[90] February 4–6, 2020 625 (RV) ± 4.0% 42% 51% 7%
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 40% 44% 16%

With Arnold Mooney

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Arnold
Mooney (R)		 Undecided
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 40% 34% 25%

With Roy Moore

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Roy
Moore (R)		 Undecided
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 47% 33% 20%

With Generic Republican

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Generic
Republican		 Undecided
Mason-Dixon[76] Apr 9–11, 2019 625 (RV) ± 4.0% 40% 50% 10%

With Generic Opponent

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Doug
Jones (D)		 Generic
Opponent		 Undecided
JMC Analytics[131] December 16–18, 2019 525 (LV) ± 4.3% 34% 48%[L] 18%

with Generic Democrat and Generic Republican

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[a]		 Margin
of error		 Generic
Democrat		 Generic
Republican		 Undecided
Cygnal[121] October 21–23, 2020 645 (LV) ± 3.9% 38% 55% 6%

Results

[edit]
2020 United States Senate election in Alabama[133]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Tommy Tuberville 1,392,076 60.10% +11.76%
Democratic Doug Jones (incumbent) 920,478 39.74% −10.23%
Write-in 3,891 0.17% −1.06%
Total votes 2,316,445 100.00% N/A
Republican gain from Democratic

By county

[edit]
County[133] Doug Jones
Democratic		 Tommy Tuberville
Republican		 Write-in
Various		 Margin Total votes
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes
Autauga 8,277 29.87% 19,387 69.97% 43 0.16% 11,110 40.10% 27,707
Baldwin 28,925 26.45% 80,200 73.34% 225 0.21% 51,275 46.89% 109,350
Barbour 5,021 47.91% 5,449 52.00% 9 0.09% 428 4.08% 10,479
Bibb 2,244 23.42% 7,320 76.40% 17 0.18% 5,076 52.98% 9,581
Blount 3,290 11.96% 24,163 87.85% 53 0.19% 20,873 75.89% 27,506
Bullock 3,490 75.87% 1,108 24.09% 2 0.04% -2,382 -51.78% 4,600
Butler 4,193 44.44% 5,232 55.45% 11 0.12% 1,039 11.01% 9,436
Calhoun 16,808 33.07% 33,936 66.78% 77 0.15% 17,128 33.70% 50,821
Chambers 6,908 45.35% 8,312 54.56% 14 0.09% 1,404 9.22% 15,234
Cherokee 2,112 17.24% 10,122 82.62% 17 0.14% 8,010 65.38% 12,251
Chilton 3,499 18.20% 15,708 81.69% 22 0.11% 12,209 63.49% 19,229
Choctaw 3,225 43.49% 4,188 56.47% 3 0.04% 963 12.99% 7,416
Clarke 6,017 45.98% 7,061 53.95% 9 0.07% 1,044 7.98% 13,087
Clay 1,441 20.87% 5,454 79.01% 8 0.12% 4,013 58.13% 6,903
Cleburne 843 11.76% 6,321 88.17% 5 0.07% 5,478 76.41% 7,169
Coffee 5,753 25.94% 16,400 73.95% 25 0.11% 10,647 48.01% 22,178
Colbert 9,408 33.86% 18,320 65.94% 53 0.19% 8,912 32.08% 27,781
Conecuh 3,098 48.44% 3,294 51.50% 4 0.06% 196 3.06% 6,396
Coosa 1,899 34.74% 3,559 65.10% 9 0.16% 1,660 30.36% 5,467
Covington 3,214 18.52% 14,120 81.37% 19 0.11% 10,906 62.85% 17,353
Crenshaw 1,910 28.99% 4,671 70.89% 8 0.12% 2,761 41.90% 6,589
Cullman 5,693 13.64% 35,949 86.14% 93 0.22% 30,256 72.50% 41,735
Dale 5,955 30.32% 13,653 69.51% 33 0.17% 7,698 39.19% 19,641
Dallas 12,503 70.18% 5,298 29.74% 15 0.08% -7,205 -40.44% 17,816
DeKalb 5,253 17.96% 23,940 81.86% 53 0.18% 18,687 63.90% 29,246
Elmore 11,399 27.86% 29,459 72.00% 60 0.15% 18,060 44.14% 40,918
Escambia 5,400 34.11% 10,417 65.80% 14 0.09% 5,017 31.69% 15,831
Etowah 13,145 27.62% 34,351 72.18% 93 0.20% 21,206 44.56% 47,589
Fayette 1,651 18.87% 7,088 81.00% 12 0.14% 5,437 62.13% 8,751
Franklin 2,605 20.87% 9,856 78.97% 20 0.16% 7,251 58.10% 12,481
Geneva 2,122 16.95% 10,382 82.91% 18 0.14% 8,260 65.96% 12,522
Greene 3,962 82.90% 816 17.07% 1 0.02% -3,146 -65.83% 4,779
Hale 4,786 60.74% 3,090 39.21% 4 0.05% -1,696 -21.52% 7,880
Henry 2,872 30.95% 6,399 68.95% 9 0.10% 3,527 38.01% 9,280
Houston 14,494 31.49% 31,462 68.35% 77 0.17% 16,968 36.86% 46,033
Jackson 4,587 19.52% 18,888 80.36% 29 0.12% 14,301 60.84% 23,504
Jefferson 190,644 58.57% 134,314 41.26% 552 0.17% -56,330 -17.31% 325,510
Lamar 1,071 14.95% 6,088 85.00% 3 0.04% 5,017 70.05% 7,162
Lauderdale 13,874 31.51% 30,071 68.29% 88 0.20% 16,197 36.78% 44,033
Lawrence 4,211 26.39% 11,710 73.40% 33 0.21% 7,499 47.00% 15,954
Lee 29,986 42.08% 41,154 57.76% 114 0.16% 11,168 15.67% 71,254
Limestone 15,584 31.78% 33,364 68.04% 90 0.18% 17,780 36.26% 49,038
Lowndes 5,051 74.07% 1,766 25.90% 2 0.03% -3,285 -48.17% 6,819
Macon 7,224 82.87% 1,481 16.99% 12 0.14% -5,743 -65.88% 8,717
Madison 94,458 48.67% 99,181 51.10% 443 0.23% 4,723 2.43% 194,082
Marengo 5,687 52.36% 5,166 47.56% 9 0.08% -521 -4.80% 10,862
Marion 1,847 13.42% 11,897 86.46% 16 0.12% 10,050 73.04% 13,760
Marshall 7,336 18.57% 32,086 81.22% 83 0.21% 24,750 62.65% 39,505
Mobile 86,034 47.10% 96,320 52.73% 315 0.17% 10,286 5.63% 182,669
Monroe 4,719 44.35% 5,906 55.50% 16 0.15% 1,187 11.15% 10,641
Montgomery 66,592 67.31% 32,221 32.57% 125 0.13% -34,371 -34.74% 98,938
Morgan 15,108 28.24% 38,280 71.55% 111 0.21% 23,172 43.31% 53,499
Perry 3,943 75.58% 1,274 24.42% 0 0.00% -2,669 -51.16% 5,217
Pickens 4,193 43.48% 5,439 56.40% 11 0.11% 1,246 12.92% 9,643
Pike 6,020 43.59% 7,777 56.31% 14 0.10% 1,757 12.72% 13,811
Randolph 2,362 21.93% 8,400 77.98% 10 0.09% 6,038 56.05% 10,772
Russell 11,853 55.77% 9,383 44.14% 19 0.09% -2,470 -11.62% 21,255
Shelby 36,606 31.92% 77,836 67.87% 236 0.21% 41,230 35.95% 114,678
St. Clair 8,844 19.94% 35,426 79.89% 76 0.17% 26,582 59.94% 44,346
Sumter 4,705 75.18% 1,550 24.77% 3 0.05% -3,155 -50.42% 6,258
Talladega 13,855 38.89% 21,726 60.99% 44 0.12% 7,871 22.09% 35,625
Tallapoosa 6,255 29.87% 14,668 70.04% 20 0.10% 8,413 40.17% 20,943
Tuscaloosa 40,404 44.92% 49,347 54.87% 190 0.21% 8,943 9.94% 89,941
Walker 5,978 19.25% 25,016 80.54% 65 0.21% 19,038 61.30% 31,059
Washington 2,635 29.92% 6,162 69.98% 9 0.10% 3,527 40.05% 8,806
Wilcox 4,095 69.65% 1,779 30.26% 5 0.09% -2,316 -39.39% 5,879
Winston 1,302 11.59% 9,915 88.29% 13 0.12% 8,613 76.70% 11,230
Total 920,478 39.74% 1,392,076 60.10% 3,891 0.17% 471,598 20.36% 2,316,445

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

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By congressional district

[edit]

Tuberville won six of seven congressional districts.[134]

District Jones Tuberville Elected
representative
1st 39% 61% Jerry Carl
2nd 38% 62% Barry Moore
3rd 36% 64% Mike Rogers
4th 21% 79% Robert Aderholt
5th 39% 60% Mo Brooks
6th 35% 65% Gary Palmer
7th 73% 27% Terri Sewell

Analysis

[edit]

The result was a landslide victory for Tuberville. Tuberville's 20-point margin of victory is largely attributed to the presence of Donald Trump on the ballot, and Jones' votes against Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett, as well as his vote to convict Donald Trump in his first impeachment trial. Jones was widely considered the most vulnerable senator in 2020, and his victory in 2017 was largely attributed to allegations of child molestation against his opponent. While Jones was able to receive more raw votes than he did in 2017, Tuberville received nearly double the number of votes Roy Moore did in 2017, largely due to the high Republican turnout. Jones did perform well in Jefferson County and Montgomery County, but still vastly underperformed his margins in 2017, while Tuberville easily won the rural areas, and successfully flipped many counties that went to Jones by significant margins.

In the 2017 election, Jones won several traditionally Republican counties while also driving up margins and turnout in traditionally Democratic counties: he added onto massive margins in Birmingham and Montgomery with narrow wins in the state's other, previously more conservative metropolitan areas, such as Huntsville, Mobile, Tuscaloosa and Auburn-Opelika, alongside several other small counties encircling the Black Belt.[135] Jones' win, though attributable to a spike in Democratic turnout and a decline in Republican turnout, was primarily reliant on sexual misconduct allegations against Moore, resulting in several prominent Republicans rescinding their endorsements.[136][137][138] With Tuberville lacking such controversies, the state swung hard into the Republican column in 2020,[139] and he flipped 12 counties Jones won in 2017. Jones only won the 13 counties won by Joe Biden in the concurrent 2020 presidential election, and his victories in Jefferson County (Birmingham) and Montgomery County (Montgomery) were insufficient to overcome Tuberville's performance in the rest of the state.

Notes

[edit]

Partisan clients and other notes

  1. 1 2 3 The Club for Growth is a PAC supporting the Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign and has also endorsed Tuberville
  2. ↑ Poll sponsored by the Bradley Byrne campaign
  3. 1 2 3 4 Poll sponsored by the Jeff Sessions campaign
  4. ↑ Poll sponsored by FarmPAC
  5. ↑ Internal poll from Tuberville's campaign
  6. 1 2 3 4 Poll sponsored by the Tommy Tuberville campaign.
  7. ↑ Poll produced, according to Mo Brooks, by a group attempting to persuade him to enter this race
  8. 1 2 3 4 Poll sponsored by Jones' campaign.
  9. 1 2 3 Poll sponsored by Club for Growth Action
  10. ↑ Standard VI response
  11. ↑ Poll sponsored by the Club for Growth, which supports exclusively Republican candidates.
  12. ↑ "Jones does not deserve to be re-elected" with 48% as opposed to "Jones deserves to be re-elected"

Voter samples

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  2. 1 2 3 Not yet released
  3. ↑ Tim James with 2%
  4. ↑ Undecided with 22%
  5. 1 2 Undecided with 8%
  6. ↑ Undecided with 14%
  7. ↑ Undecided with 10%
  8. ↑ "Other candidate or write-in" with 0%
  9. ↑ Includes "Refused"
  10. ↑ "Someone else" with 4%
  11. ↑ "Write-in candidate" with 7%
  12. ↑ Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  13. ↑ Parrish (I) with 2%
  14. ↑ "Write-in candidate" with 7%
  15. ↑ Parrish (I) with 3%

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "US Elections Project – 2020g". www.electproject.org. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  2. ↑ The other was in Michigan, where Senator Gary Peters was re-elected over Republican John James
  3. ↑ Arkin, James. "Democrats leave Doug Jones hanging as Senate map takes shape". Politico. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  4. ↑ David Wright (August 20, 2020). "Vulnerable Democratic senator gets first outside spending support in Alabama". CNN. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  5. ↑ Everett, Burgess; Arkin, James (May 3, 2020). "Democrats leave Doug Jones hanging as Senate map takes shape". Politico. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  6. ↑ Panetta, Grace (September 18, 2020). "Democratic Sen. Doug Jones faces a tough reelection fight against Tommy Tuberville in Alabama". Business Insider. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  7. ↑ Egan, Lauren (November 4, 2020). "Alabama Sen. Doug Jones loses to Tommy Tuberville, NBC News projects". www.nbcnews.com. Retrieved August 11, 2023.
  8. ↑ "United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)". ballotpedia.org. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  9. ↑ "Candidates file 2020 papers as Alabama qualifying window closes". WSFA 12 News. November 8, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  10. ↑ Cohen, Zach [@Zachary_Cohen] (November 13, 2018). "#ALsen Doug Jones (D) confirms he'll seek reelection in 2020. "Already off and running."" (Tweet). Retrieved November 14, 2018 – via Twitter.
  11. ↑ Ross, Sean (August 21, 2019). "State Rep. John Rogers not running for U.S. Senate, says Jones showing 'conservatism' but not racist". Yellowhammer News. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  12. 1 2 3 Gore, Leada (December 14, 2017). "Alabama Senate race: Who could challenge Doug Jones in 2020?". AL.com. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
  13. ↑ "California's Kamala Harris raising money for Doug Jones based on Sessions opposition". November 7, 2019.
  14. ↑ "Klobuchar fundraises for Doug Jones following Roy Moore Senate run". The Hill. June 20, 2019. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
  15. ↑ Arkin, James (October 23, 2019). "Doug Jones is the Senate's most vulnerable incumbent. But he doesn't seem to care". Politico. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
  16. 1 2 Vollers, Anna Claire (September 8, 2019). "Doug Jones kicks off 2020 campaign in Birmingham". AL.com.
  17. ↑ James Varney. "Stacey Abrams passes on 2020 run, turns focus to voter access with Fair Fight". The Washington Times.
  18. ↑ Muller, Tiffany (August 27, 2019). "End Citizens United Endorses Four U.S. senators for Reelection". End Citizens United.
  19. ↑ Acosta, Lucas (January 23, 2020). "HRC Announces Senate Endorsements in Effort to Achieve Pro-Equality Majority". Human Rights Campaign.
  20. ↑ Burke, Holly (March 13, 2019). "LCV Action Fund Endorses Doug Jones for Re-Election". League of Conservation Voters. Retrieved March 16, 2019.
  21. ↑ "2020 Federal Endorsements - NOW PAC". nowpac.org.
  22. ↑ Cason, Mike (April 6, 2019). "Tommy Tuberville running for U.S. Senate". The Birmingham News. Retrieved April 6, 2019.
  23. ↑ James Arkin; Alex Isenstadt; Marianne Levine (November 7, 2019). "Standing between Jeff Sessions and the Senate is a certain Donald Trump". Politico. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
  24. ↑ Moseley, Brandon (November 20, 2019). "Adair says that GOP should be extremely concerned about losses in gubernatorial races in Louisiana and Kentucky". Alabama Political Reporter. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  25. ↑ "South Alabama Congressman Bradley Byrne announces run for US Senate in 2020". WPMI. February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  26. ↑ Clark, Dartunorro; Hillyard, Vaughn (December 9, 2020). "Roy Moore, who lost Alabama Senate race after allegations of sexual misconduct, announces another run for the seat". NBC News. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  27. ↑ "EDITORIAL: Sessions' entry sets up wild GOP Senate race". The Gadsden Times. November 12, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  28. ↑ Moseley, Brandon (July 15, 2019). "Tuberville discusses the issues with APR". Alabama Political Reporter. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  29. 1 2 "The Green Papers: 2019 General Election". The Green Papers. May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  30. ↑ Britt, Bill (December 1, 2019). "Merrill suspends Senate campaign". Alabama Political Reporter. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  31. ↑ Stephens, Glenn (July 16, 2019). "Jones, Byrne Lead in Fundraising Among Candidates in 2020 US Senate Race". WBHM. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  32. ↑ Howell, Ed (August 18, 2019). "GOP sets Oct. 8 as start of qualifying". Daily Mountain Eagle. Archived from the original on August 18, 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  33. ↑ Ross, Sean (April 11, 2019). "Ainsworth will not run for the U.S. Senate in 2020". Yellowhammer News. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
  34. ↑ Arkin, James (May 3, 2019). "Brooks closes door on Alabama Senate race". Politico Pro. Retrieved May 3, 2019. Rep. Mo Brooks (R-Ala.) shut the door on a potential Senate bid Friday morning in a local radio interview. "I will not be running for the U.S. Senate in 2020," Brooks said on WZRR-FM in Birmingham.
  35. ↑ "Rumors and Rumblings 2nd Ed. Vol. V". Yellowhammer News. May 3, 2019. Retrieved May 3, 2019.
  36. ↑ Little, Jim (April 5, 2019). "Matt Gaetz says he's not running for Alabama Senate seat against Doug Jones". Pensacola News Journal. Retrieved April 5, 2019.
  37. ↑ Ross, Sean (April 22, 2019). "Del Marsh not running for U.S. Senate in 2020". Yellowhammer News. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  38. ↑ Bowman, Bridget (February 20, 2019). "Alabama Republicans don't see Roy Moore redux as Senate primary kicks off". Roll Call. Archived from the original on February 21, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
  39. ↑ Ross, Sean (March 21, 2019). "Miss America '95 'praying about' Alabama U.S. Senate bid". Yellowhammer News. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  40. ↑ Ross, Sean (June 20, 2019). "Former Miss America Heather Whitestone McCallum rules out Alabama 2020 U.S. Senate bid". Yellowhammer News.
  41. ↑ Wilson, Brent (February 26, 2020). "Liz Cheney Endorses Bradley Byrne For Senate". Bama Politics.
  42. ↑ Staff Writer (January 25, 2020). "Bradley Byrne receives multiple endorsements this week for US Senate". Alabama Today.
  43. ↑ Poor, Jeff (June 23, 2019). "State Sen. Arthur Orr: Bradley Byrne 'would do the best job' for the state as U.S. Senator". Yellowhammer News.
  44. 1 2 3 4 "Endorsements". Arnold Mooney for U.S. Senate.
  45. ↑ "Utah Sen. Mike Lee endorses Mooney in Alabama's U.S. Senate race". Yellowhammer News. May 22, 2019.
  46. ↑ "Rand Paul endorses Arnold Mooney for Senate - 'True freedom-loving conservative'". Yellowhammer News. October 31, 2019.
  47. ↑ "Former Attorney General John Ashcroft endorses Jeff Sessions". Alabama Political Reporter. July 14, 2020.
  48. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Frazin, Rachel (November 8, 2019). "Eleven GOP senators sign open letter backing Sessions's comeback bid". The Hill.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Pappas, Alex (November 8, 2019). "Jeff Sessions endorsed by slew of GOP senators, amid effort to make peace with Trump". Fox News.
  50. ↑ McKinless, Thomas (November 7, 2019). "Watch: Shelby endorses Sessions for return to Senate" – via www.rollcall.com.
  51. ↑ "Endorsement: Jeff Sessions for United States Senate". nyyrc.com. New York Young Republican Club. July 7, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  52. ↑ "NRA-PVF Endorses Jeff Sessions for U.S. Senate". nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. Archived from the original on July 17, 2023. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
  53. ↑ "NRA endorses Sessions over Tuberville in Senate runoff". AL.com. The Associated Press. March 14, 2020. Archived from the original on March 15, 2020.
  54. ↑ "Jeff Sessions on His Tight Senate Runoff Race Against Tommy Tuberville". Yahoo! News. July 7, 2020.
  55. ↑ Wu, Nicholas (March 10, 2020). "Trump endorses Jeff Sessions' opponent, Tommy Tuberville, in Alabama Senate runoff". USA Today.
  56. ↑ "Ainsworth endorses Tuberville for U.S. Senate - 'The tough fighter that Alabama needs'". July 10, 2020.
  57. ↑ "Conservative Alabama State Senator Tom Whatley Endorses Tommy Tuberville for United States Senate". October 2, 2019.
  58. ↑ Arkin, James (March 16, 2020). "Club for Growth spurns Sessions, endorses Tuberville in Alabama". Politico.
  59. ↑ "National Association for Gun Rights endorses Tuberville". Alabama Political Reporter. July 8, 2020.
  60. ↑ Ross, Sean (December 6, 2019). "Alabama's Randy Owen supporting Tuberville in Senate race". Yellowhammer News.
  61. ↑ Ross, Sean (September 30, 2019). "Pearl: 'Senator Tuberville said he's got Israel and the Second Amendment covered' (VIDEO)". Yellowhammer News.
  62. ↑ Burke, Holly (March 13, 2019). "Tommy Tuberville opens up about running for U.S. Senate, Sean Spicer and the need for 'patriots'". Alabama Media Group. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
  63. ↑ WPA Intelligence
  64. ↑ WPA Intelligence Archived February 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  65. ↑ Harper Polling Archived March 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  66. 1 2 3 4 Mason-Dixon
  67. ↑ OnMessage
  68. ↑ OnMessage
  69. ↑ Cherry Communications
  70. ↑ WPA Intelligence
  71. ↑ Cygnal
  72. ↑ Tommy for Senate
  73. ↑ Moore Information
  74. ↑ Cygnal
  75. ↑ Moore Information
  76. 1 2 Mason-Dixon
  77. ↑ Victory Phones
  78. 1 2 "Primary Election - March 3, 2020". Alabama Secretary of State. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  79. ↑ Zhou, Li (March 4, 2020). "The Alabama Republican Senate runoff is bad news for Jeff Sessions". Vox. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  80. ↑ Arkin, James (March 18, 2020). "Alabama Senate runoff postponed until July". Politico. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  81. ↑ Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 10, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  82. ↑ OnMessage (R)
  83. 1 2 3 FM3 Research (D)
  84. ↑ Cygnal
  85. ↑ OnMessage (R)
  86. ↑ Cygnal
  87. ↑ Moore Information Group [permanent dead link]
  88. ↑ WT&S Consulting Archived April 23, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  89. ↑ WPA Intelligence (R)
  90. 1 2 AL Daily News/Mason-Dixon
  91. ↑ WPA Intelligence (R) Archived March 22, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  92. ↑ WPA Intelligence (R) Archived August 8, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  93. 1 2 3 "Alabama 2020 General Election". thegreenpapers.com.
  94. 1 2 "Alabama - Senate". FEC. March 31, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  95. 1 2 "2020 Election Information". Alabama Secretary of State. August 29, 2020. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
  96. ↑ "Marcus Jejaun Williams (Alabama)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
  97. ↑ "2020 Senate Race Ratings for October 29, 2020". The Cook Political Report. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  98. ↑ "2020 Senate Ratings". Senate Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  99. ↑ "2020 Senate race ratings". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  100. ↑ "2020 Senate Race Ratings". Daily Kos Elections. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  101. ↑ "2020 Election Forecast". Politico. November 19, 2019.
  102. ↑ "Battle for the Senate 2020". RCP. October 23, 2020.
  103. ↑ "2020 Senate Elections Model". Decision Desk HQ. September 2, 2020. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
  104. ↑ Silver, Nate (September 18, 2020). "Forecasting the race for the Senate". FiveThirtyEight. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
  105. ↑ "Forecasting the US elections". The Economist. November 2, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  106. ↑ "Retired U.S. Marines general endorses Doug Jones". October 20, 2020.
  107. ↑ "2020 – Feminist Majority PAC". feministmajoritypac.org.
  108. ↑ "Meet the 2020 Candidates". Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs.[permanent dead link]
  109. ↑ "Candidates We Endorse and Support". NCPSSM.
  110. ↑ "Six Environmental Champions Win NRDC Action Fund Endorsements". www.nrdcactionfund.org. May 18, 2020.
  111. ↑ "AL AFL-CIO 2020 Special C.O.P.E. Convention". alaflcio.com. Alabama AFL-CIO. August 7, 2020.
  112. ↑ "IFPTE Releases Its 2020 Congressional Endorsements". ifpte.org. International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers. July 6, 2020. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  113. ↑ "Alabama – Official UAW Endorsements". uawendorsements.org. United Automobile Workers.
  114. ↑ @tedcruz (October 22, 2020). "In Alabama, the left is waging an assault against @TTuberville to prop up Doug Jones... Alabama deserves better! Join me in supporting Coach and fighting back against the attacks: https://secure.winred.com/tommytuberville/pg-tw-cruz" (Tweet). Retrieved October 24, 2020 – via Twitter.
  115. ↑ "NRA-PVF - Grades - Alabama". nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020.
  116. ↑ Swayable Archived November 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  117. ↑ Data for Progress
  118. ↑ Morning Consult
  119. ↑ Auburn University At Montgomery
  120. ↑ Swayable
  121. 1 2 Cygnal
  122. ↑ Moore Information (R)
  123. ↑ FM3 Research (D) Archived October 19, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  124. ↑ Auburn University at Montgomery Archived November 9, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  125. ↑ Morning Consult
  126. ↑ Morning Consult
  127. ↑ Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  128. ↑ WPA Intelligence (R)
  129. 1 2 ALG Research (D)
  130. 1 2 Cygnal (R)
  131. 1 2 3 4 5 6 JMC Analytics
  132. ↑ Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  133. 1 2 Merrill, John (November 23, 2020). "Final Canvass of Results" (PDF). Secretary of State of Alabama. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 22, 2026. Retrieved May 23, 2026.
  134. ↑ "DRA 2020". Daves Redistricting. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  135. ↑ Bloch, Matthew; Cohn, Nate; Katz, Josh; Lee, Jasmine (December 12, 2017). "Alabama Election Results: Doug Jones Defeats Roy Moore in U.S. Senate Race". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  136. ↑ Ball, Molly (December 13, 2017). "How Doug Jones Beat Roy Moore and Shocked the World". Time. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  137. ↑ "Roy Moore losing GOP endorsements after new accusations". WTHR. November 14, 2017. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  138. ↑ "McConnell: Moore must quit. Senate GOP campaign chief: Expel him". NBC News. Associated Press. November 13, 2017. Archived from the original on November 13, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  139. ↑ Foran, Clare (November 3, 2020). "Democrat Doug Jones loses Alabama Senate seat to Republican Tommy Tuberville". CNN. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.

Further reading

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Official campaign websites

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