- School of Architecture,
1715 Volunteer Blvd., Knoxville, TN 37996 USA - +01 865-773-7177 mob
Mark DeKay
University of Tennessee Knoxville, Architecture, Faculty Member
- Sustainable Urban Environments, Architecture, Sustainable Building Design, Passive Cooling, Passive Solar Architecture, Integral Theory, and 48 moreDaylighting, Architectural Design, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Carbon Neutral Building, Daylight, Light, Urban Design, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Spatial Analysis, Landscape Ecology, Public Space, Urban Design (Urban Studies), Sustainable Communities, Green Infrastructure, Daylight Assessment, Daylighting & Rights of Light, Sustainable Architecture, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Sustainable Design, Environmental Sustainability, Green architecture, Integral Studies, Integral, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Architectural Education, Architectural Theory, Architectural Design, Design education, Green Building, Green Construction, Ken Wilber, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Integral Architecture, Net Zero Energy Homes, Net Zero Carbon Building Refurbishment, Net Zero Energy Buildings and Sustainability, Carbon Neutral Design, Low Carbone Cities, Low carbon buildings design, ZERO CARBON ARCHITECTURE, Zero Carbon Building, Mario Cucinella , Sun, wind & light: architectural design strategies, Poetics of Shade, Light and Shadow In Architectural Space, Sun, Wind Light Ebook, Sun wind light, and Photographyedit
- Mark DeKay, Professor of Architecture, University of Tennessee, RA, AIA, FIGP; MARCH University of Oregon—urban susta... moreMark DeKay, Professor of Architecture, University of Tennessee, RA, AIA, FIGP; MARCH University of Oregon—urban sustainable design; MARCH, Tulane University—architecture
Prof. DeKay specializes in sustainable design theory and tools. He is author of "Integral Sustainable Design: transformative perspectives," the first design book to apply Integral Theory to design, and primary co-author of "Sun, Wind, and Light: architectural design strategies, 3rd ed", which considers the form-generating potential of climatic forces (2 vols). Current scholarship is directed to a co-authored design guidance book about experiencing nature and dynamic, non-uniform conditions in buildings. Other ongoing work includes biophilic design strategies, climatic neighborhood design, and applications of integral theory to design research, architectural photography and the human inhabitation of buildings. He has two US national AIA teaching awards, the UT Chancellor’s Award for Teaching Excellence and recently was awarded the UT Chancellor's Award for Research and Creativity. He is a Fulbright Fellow, serves as a consulting Fulbright Specialist, and co-edits the UT/RedVector online professional program, Sustainable Design and Green Building. His recent papers won two Best Academic Paper Awards at the Integral European Conference.edit
This research explores a design approach for biophilic experiences applied to children's learning environments in cold climates. The primary research gaps addressed are the confusion among principles, experiences and architectural... more
This research explores a design approach for biophilic experiences applied to children's learning environments in cold climates. The primary research gaps addressed are the confusion among principles, experiences and architectural characteristics in biophilic design literature; the lack of common terminology for referencing spatial patterns that induce biophilic responses; and limited design methods and generative approaches for designers due to the focus on empirical validation and broad theoretical generalisations. A visual biophilic design vocabulary, including spatial enclosure and adjacencies, is developed for experiences of abiotic and biotic nature. A framework is proposed for biophilic design schemas. In the context of renovating primary schools in Quebec, Canada, 38 schemas for cold climates are developed within this framework. Using these tools in an architectural design studio course showed that this common graphic language integrates experiences of nature in design processes, enabling researchers and architects to describe biophilic spaces with shared terms and logic.
Research Interests: Architecture, Architectural Theory, Sustainable Architecture, Learning environments, Elementary Education, and 15 moreBiophilic Design, Experiences in nature and psychological well-being, Architectural Design, Design process, Biophilia, Design Strategy, Connectedness to Nature, Experiencing Architecture, Biophilic Design: the Theory, Science and Practice of Bringing Buildings to Life, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Architectural Experience, Cold Climate Architecture, The Child and Nature Relationship, Nordic Architecture, and Architectural Design Process and Methodology
This paper reports a project with the purpose to develop design guidance on urban wind fields for the Chinese city. The project assesses "super-block" developments in Wuhan China at first, then redesigns a super-block using... more
This paper reports a project with the purpose to develop design guidance on urban wind fields for the Chinese city. The project assesses "super-block" developments in Wuhan China at first, then redesigns a super-block using Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) guidelines and draws wind performance comparisons. The project addresses wind Patterns for three major criteria: pedestrian comfort, air quality, and building ventilation potential. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to model velocity, PMV comfort, pressure and air age patterns for summer and winter conditions. Super-blocks with isolated towers have poor urban quality on many measures, while residents drive more and use much more energy than in traditional housing. TOD guidelines solve these problems but no discussion of urban wind patterns, air pollution, pedestrian comfort, or building ventilation which have been found important during the period of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan China. Our target was to generate TOD urban form that equaled or exceeded super-block wind performance. Results were inconclusive for pedestrian comfort and other indices and modeling are needed. Other parameters depend significantly on orientation and wind direction. Therefore, sometimes TOD was better than towers and sometimes not. The general method of the project is in six parts: 1) Assess five existing super-block designs for wind performance and characterize three performance metrics; 2) Draw conclusions about performance. Select one site for redesign; 3) Using TOD guidelines, design a new neighborhood at the same density on the selected site; 4) Evaluate wind performance of the new design; 5) Select wind design strategies to improve performance and redesign the TOD neighborhood; 6) Compare wind performance of TOD neighborhood and super-block. The study indicates the value of wind field analysis for improving urban designs for multi-building sites or for development rules. We were generally able to make performance improvements for development schemes, even during the special period.
Research Interests: Air Quality, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Environments, Green urbanism (Architecture), and 15 moreUrban Open Space Design, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and simulation, Urban Design, Transit oriented development, Sustainable Cities, CFD Analysis, Outdoor Thermal Comfort, Passive Cooling, Thermal comfort, High Rise Buildings, Natural ventilation, Urban Design, International Planning and Development (China), sustainable urbanisation, and Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy
Introduction to Phillip B Roos's book, "Regenerative-Adaptive Design for Sustainable Development A Pattern Language Approach".
Research Interests: Landscape Architecture, Integral Theory, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Design Theory, and 13 moreRegional Planning/Development, Regional development, Architectural Theory, Design Theory (Architecture), Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Urban Planning, Christopher alexander, Pattern languages, Regenerative Design, Ecological Planning, Regenerative Architecture, Landscape Ecological Planning, and Integral Sustainable Design
ITALIAN and ENGLISH VERSIONS. Italiana: 14 Principi, come ipotesi per pensare alla progettazione e pianificazione attraverso queste molteplici scale territoriali e tempistiche, sulla base di un approccio integrale. 1. “Il tutto” come una... more
ITALIAN and ENGLISH VERSIONS. Italiana: 14 Principi, come ipotesi per pensare alla progettazione e pianificazione attraverso queste molteplici scale territoriali e tempistiche, sulla base di un approccio integrale. 1. “Il tutto” come una meta-narrazione necessaria; 2. Ogni prospettiva contiene alcune verità; 3. Il territorio come relazione tra i 4-quadranti; 4. Sé, Natura e Cultura come unità; 5. Complessità come caratteristica ininterrotta; 6. I metodi plurali aprono a realtà più complete; 7. Sviluppo come complessità crescente; 8. Idee territoriali complesse come consapevolezza inaccessibile a molti; 9. Considerare le prospettive in senso trasformativo; 10. Diversità come differenziazione mirata; 11. Soluzioni emergenti da un nuovo contesto di significato; 12. Conoscenza progettuale come un’ecologia di idee in rete; 13. Cultura più significativa; Natura più fondamentale; 14. Natura come modello e come contesto
English: 14 Tenets, as hypotheses for thinking about designing and planning across these multiple territorial scales and timeframes, based on an integral approach. 1. Wholeness as a necessary meta-narrative; 2. Each perspective owns some truth; 3. Territory as 4-quadrant affair; 4. Self, nature and culture as a unity; 5. Complexity as ever-unfolding; 6 Plural methods as disclosing more complete realities; 7. Development as increasing complexity; 8. Complex territorial ideas as consciousness unavailable to many; 9 Taking perspectives as transformational; 10. Diversity as purpose-aligned differentiation; 11. Solutions as emerging from a new context of meaning; 12. Design knowledge as a networked ecology of Ideas; 13. Culture as more significant; Nature as more fundamental; 14. Nature as both model and context
English: 14 Tenets, as hypotheses for thinking about designing and planning across these multiple territorial scales and timeframes, based on an integral approach. 1. Wholeness as a necessary meta-narrative; 2. Each perspective owns some truth; 3. Territory as 4-quadrant affair; 4. Self, nature and culture as a unity; 5. Complexity as ever-unfolding; 6 Plural methods as disclosing more complete realities; 7. Development as increasing complexity; 8. Complex territorial ideas as consciousness unavailable to many; 9 Taking perspectives as transformational; 10. Diversity as purpose-aligned differentiation; 11. Solutions as emerging from a new context of meaning; 12. Design knowledge as a networked ecology of Ideas; 13. Culture as more significant; Nature as more fundamental; 14. Nature as both model and context
Research Interests: Landscape Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, and 14 moreDesign Theory, Design Process (Architecture), Regional Planning/Development, Architectural Theory, Design thinking, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Biophilic Design, Ken Wilber, Urban Design, Regenerative Design, Ecological Planning, Integral Sustainable Development, Integral Ecology, and Integral Sustainable Design
by Pygmalion Karatzas and Mark DeKay. Created for the Integral European Conference 2020. The exhibit covers multiple perspectives on architectural photography using the integral model of Ken Wilber, including excerpts from our 2018 IEC... more
by Pygmalion Karatzas and Mark DeKay.
Created for the Integral European Conference 2020. The exhibit covers multiple perspectives on architectural photography using the integral model of Ken Wilber, including excerpts from our 2018 IEC academic paper, Karatzas' Fulbright Artist "Integral Lens" project in the US, his beautiful images from around the world, new theoretical work on experiencing buildings, and a three-week traveling university course on architectural and landscape photography in Greece. There are five parts.
PART ONE: Place as a Process.
Part One uses time-lapse and hyper-lapse photography alternating with long-exposure artistic still images of the same urban waterscapes in cities and landscapes throughout the US. All shots are taken with a full-frame Nikon rather than as video. The work changes one's perception on time, both by speeding up minutes into seconds and, alternately, by capturing its composite effects in very long exposures in which moving and static elements are distinguished in a single image.
PART TWO: Integral Photography.
Part Two applies Ken Wilber’s integral model to understanding the varieties of architectural photography, including the classic frames of Quadrants (fundamental perspectives), Levels of complexity (as word-views), and Types (editorial, documentary and expressive).
PART THREE: Through the Integral Lens.
Part Three presents photographic series from Karatzas’ “Integral Lens” Fulbright project of five months in the US. It includes three series: “Nortigo,” meaning a combination of “North” and “Vertigo” includes architectural abstractions from contemporary design, most often looking straight upwards in ways that shift our perspective and sense of horizon. “Boomeritis” is a series of artistic long-exposure portraits of buildings that fuse the boundaries between representational and expressionistic image making. The title is a reference to the pathology of the Baby Boomer generation characterized—as Wilber points out—by pluralism infected with narcissism. :AQAL Views” is a series of urban waterscapes; blurred waterscapes and moving skies meet building silhouettes and auxiliary structures in a merging dance between the perpetual and the ephemeral. In the integral lexicon, ‘AQAL’ means an “all quadrant, all level matrix of reality”, and points to the cross-cultural fact that all humans have 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-person perspectives, and that all humans wake, dream, and sleep. We all live in “AQAL space” and such is our viewing.
PART FOUR: The Feeling of Form.
Part Four presents theoretical work from a new book underway by Mark DeKay and co-author Gail Brager entitled “The Feeling of Form.” The “experiential design schemas” are beautifully illustrated by the photographic work of Pygmalion Karatzas from around the world. “Schemas” are intended to be generative idea patterns for how designers can create conditions by reshaping natural forces with architecture in ways that engender “fields of possibilities” for rich human experiences of nature. Such often invisible conditions of light, temperature, humidity and biotic nature are mapped as Contrasts, Gradients, Sequences, Rhythms, Stochastics (randomness) and Narratives.xicon, ‘AQAL’ means an “all quadrant, all level matrix of reality”, and points to the cross-cultural fact that all humans have 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-person perspectives, and that all humans wake, dream, and sleep. We all live in “AQAL space” and such is our viewing.
PART FIVE: Teaching the View Through the Integral Lens.
Part Five presents results from a co-taught course entitled “Capturing the Human Experience in Place: Architectural and Landscape Photography in Greece.” Co-led by Pygmalion Karatzas, Mark DeKay and Susanne Bennett during May 2019, we shot in Athens, Santorini, Crete and the Peloponnese. This part opens with a montage by student Delaney Phillips, is followed by student images and finishes with a section we call “Behind the Scenes” that presents the sense of travel and the intersubjective culture of the class.
Created for the Integral European Conference 2020. The exhibit covers multiple perspectives on architectural photography using the integral model of Ken Wilber, including excerpts from our 2018 IEC academic paper, Karatzas' Fulbright Artist "Integral Lens" project in the US, his beautiful images from around the world, new theoretical work on experiencing buildings, and a three-week traveling university course on architectural and landscape photography in Greece. There are five parts.
PART ONE: Place as a Process.
Part One uses time-lapse and hyper-lapse photography alternating with long-exposure artistic still images of the same urban waterscapes in cities and landscapes throughout the US. All shots are taken with a full-frame Nikon rather than as video. The work changes one's perception on time, both by speeding up minutes into seconds and, alternately, by capturing its composite effects in very long exposures in which moving and static elements are distinguished in a single image.
PART TWO: Integral Photography.
Part Two applies Ken Wilber’s integral model to understanding the varieties of architectural photography, including the classic frames of Quadrants (fundamental perspectives), Levels of complexity (as word-views), and Types (editorial, documentary and expressive).
PART THREE: Through the Integral Lens.
Part Three presents photographic series from Karatzas’ “Integral Lens” Fulbright project of five months in the US. It includes three series: “Nortigo,” meaning a combination of “North” and “Vertigo” includes architectural abstractions from contemporary design, most often looking straight upwards in ways that shift our perspective and sense of horizon. “Boomeritis” is a series of artistic long-exposure portraits of buildings that fuse the boundaries between representational and expressionistic image making. The title is a reference to the pathology of the Baby Boomer generation characterized—as Wilber points out—by pluralism infected with narcissism. :AQAL Views” is a series of urban waterscapes; blurred waterscapes and moving skies meet building silhouettes and auxiliary structures in a merging dance between the perpetual and the ephemeral. In the integral lexicon, ‘AQAL’ means an “all quadrant, all level matrix of reality”, and points to the cross-cultural fact that all humans have 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-person perspectives, and that all humans wake, dream, and sleep. We all live in “AQAL space” and such is our viewing.
PART FOUR: The Feeling of Form.
Part Four presents theoretical work from a new book underway by Mark DeKay and co-author Gail Brager entitled “The Feeling of Form.” The “experiential design schemas” are beautifully illustrated by the photographic work of Pygmalion Karatzas from around the world. “Schemas” are intended to be generative idea patterns for how designers can create conditions by reshaping natural forces with architecture in ways that engender “fields of possibilities” for rich human experiences of nature. Such often invisible conditions of light, temperature, humidity and biotic nature are mapped as Contrasts, Gradients, Sequences, Rhythms, Stochastics (randomness) and Narratives.xicon, ‘AQAL’ means an “all quadrant, all level matrix of reality”, and points to the cross-cultural fact that all humans have 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-person perspectives, and that all humans wake, dream, and sleep. We all live in “AQAL space” and such is our viewing.
PART FIVE: Teaching the View Through the Integral Lens.
Part Five presents results from a co-taught course entitled “Capturing the Human Experience in Place: Architectural and Landscape Photography in Greece.” Co-led by Pygmalion Karatzas, Mark DeKay and Susanne Bennett during May 2019, we shot in Athens, Santorini, Crete and the Peloponnese. This part opens with a montage by student Delaney Phillips, is followed by student images and finishes with a section we call “Behind the Scenes” that presents the sense of travel and the intersubjective culture of the class.
Research Interests:
From different integral framings the climate crisis looks radically different and its solutions also vary. As author and editor of a book on integral sustainable design, we each have 13 years of experience in the scholarship of applying... more
From different integral framings the climate crisis looks radically different and its solutions also vary. As author and editor of a book on integral sustainable design, we each have 13 years of experience in the scholarship of applying integral thought. Recently, we have delivered numerous presentations on the topic of "Solving the Climate Crisis by Design." This paper presents four different integrally-informed approaches for disseminating this scholarship and research to academic and crossover communities. Audiences in Lebanon, Scotland, Australia and USA consisted of design and construction schools, building science educators and a mixed audience at a spirituality and peace centre. Models included two different multiperspectival "4-quadrant" approaches, a "Big-3" approach, and a format where worldview levels dominate. Each presents the problem of climate change and how building and urban design can provide solutions. Presentation design and scholarship about this work are guided by an integral methodological pluralism (IMP) with re ective practitioner (Schön) and emergent learning (Darling) in uences. We typically present a narrative of 40-60 minutes, informed by a scholarship history where an integral approach informs the content, the message, the structure of the talks, their delivery, and how we assess and improve this dissemination over time. We learned to only speak integral to integral, that much bad news activates a collective shadow, that pluralistic values and rational science miss the opportunity to enroll the pre-rational level and that a multilevel message is needed.
Research Interests:
This essay asked the following questions: • Can regional cultural identity be saved or will the future of architecture and cities follow the way of the ubiquitous white plastic stacking chair? • In solving the climate crisis by design,... more
This essay asked the following questions: • Can regional cultural identity be saved or will the future of architecture and cities follow the way of the ubiquitous white plastic stacking chair? • In solving the climate crisis by design, can we also recover a place-based built expression for the durable values of diverse cultures? • How can we understand what is local, regional and universal among the progenitors of built form? It suggests that: • Progenitors of built form influence the order of places downward in complexity. • Formal differentiation increases with span, not scope. Conclusions include: Bioclimatic design articulates a place-empathetic formal expression, to the extent that:
• intelligence embodied in its configuration is allowed to substitute
for hardware and fossil energy
• it is allied with a constructive material culture of necessarily limited
geographic scope
• a hybrid form language is employed such that durable life patterns
and values are retained in the transcendence of newer vocabulary
fit to emerging conditions.
• intelligence embodied in its configuration is allowed to substitute
for hardware and fossil energy
• it is allied with a constructive material culture of necessarily limited
geographic scope
• a hybrid form language is employed such that durable life patterns
and values are retained in the transcendence of newer vocabulary
fit to emerging conditions.
Research Interests: Climate Change, Critical Regionalism (Architecture), Integral Theory, Green Infrastructure, Urban Planning, and 15 moreGreen urbanism (Architecture), Regionalism, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Sustainable Architecture, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Urban Design, Critical Regionalism, Architecture and urbanism, Bioclimatic design, Architecture and Urban Planning, Sun, wind & light: architectural design strategies, sun, wind and light by Z.G and mark deekay, Arquitectura Bioclimatica, and Integral Sustainable Design
This paper aims to better understand the human inhabitation of buildings through an investigation of the influences of architectural order, indoor environmental as well as personal and cultural variables on student’s selection of a... more
This paper aims to better understand the human inhabitation of buildings through an investigation of the influences of architectural order, indoor environmental as well as personal and cultural variables on student’s selection of a preferred place to study. The approach for this interdisciplinary inquiry is based on Integral Sustainable Design in combination with a simplified version of Integral Methodological Pluralism using methodologies from the disciplines of architectural design, architectural science and psychology. The results indicate that participant’s preferences emerged out of either personal or collective cultural narratives. The integral approach was useful to identify collective preference patterns as well as deviations from these and to understand why they occur. Important influences on participant’s selection of their preferred place to study were spatial characteristics, in particular a balance of prospect and refuge as well as individual past experiences, and the nature of the given task in this case study.
Research Interests: Narrative, Integral Theory, Sustainable Building Design, Narrative Methods, Narrative Theory, and 13 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Research, Integral Methodological Pluralism (IMP), Indoor environment - thermal comfort, indoor air quality health and wellbeing, Indoor environmental quality, Thermal comfort, Thermal Comfort of Buildings' Occupants, Visual Comfort and Daylighting, Daylight and Thermal Comfort Study, Occupant Behavior, Prospect and Refuge, and prospect and refugee theory
In this paper we explore an integrally-informed, Wilber-influenced approach to architectural photography’s many variations. Using historical examples, we examine four fundamental perspectives (quadrants) of the eye (UL), view (LL), frame... more
In this paper we explore an integrally-informed, Wilber-influenced approach to architectural photography’s many variations. Using historical examples, we examine four fundamental perspectives (quadrants) of the eye (UL), view (LL), frame (UR) and practice (LR). Each quadratic perspective is unpacked for four domains: the photographer, making of the photograph, the photograph itself and viewing the photograph.
We consider the development of architectural photography using examples across worldviews from traditional, modern, postmodern and integral. Levels and Quadrants are intersected to reveal sixteen “Lenses” and the concerns of each. We define integral photographic Types, focusing on the distinctions of documentary, editorial and expressive forms. These various integral framing elements are combined in different ways to explain major movements and schools, illustrated with examples.
We conclude with a summary of Karatzas’s “Integral Lens” project and define integrally-informed architectural photography with themes and examples. An integrally-informed photography is multi-perspectival and views the phenomena of both architecture and photography from the standpoint of Self, Culture and Nature. The integral photographer can inhabit all of these, shifting from an aesthetic perspective, to a symbolic interpretation, to an empirical and calculated view of its subjects.
Keywords: architectural photography, integral theory, worldviews, traditional, modern, post-modern, integral, levels, types, emergent characteristics
We consider the development of architectural photography using examples across worldviews from traditional, modern, postmodern and integral. Levels and Quadrants are intersected to reveal sixteen “Lenses” and the concerns of each. We define integral photographic Types, focusing on the distinctions of documentary, editorial and expressive forms. These various integral framing elements are combined in different ways to explain major movements and schools, illustrated with examples.
We conclude with a summary of Karatzas’s “Integral Lens” project and define integrally-informed architectural photography with themes and examples. An integrally-informed photography is multi-perspectival and views the phenomena of both architecture and photography from the standpoint of Self, Culture and Nature. The integral photographer can inhabit all of these, shifting from an aesthetic perspective, to a symbolic interpretation, to an empirical and calculated view of its subjects.
Keywords: architectural photography, integral theory, worldviews, traditional, modern, post-modern, integral, levels, types, emergent characteristics
Research Interests: Architecture, Photography, Integral Theory, Postmodernism, Photography Theory, and 19 moreArchitectural Theory, Modern Architecture, Architecture And Photography, Modernism, Architectural Photography, Documentary Photography, History of photography, Fine Art Photography, Integral Studies, History and Theory of Modern Architecture, Worldviews, Worldview Theory, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Integral Theory and Practice, Digital Photography of Architectural Space, Cityscapes, Architectural and Industrial Photography, Integral Architecture, and Integral Art
A Best Academic Paper at the Integral European Conference, this paper presents an integrally‐informed, Wilber‐influenced approach to expanding the study of occupant behaviour beyond building science. Poorly understood occupants are a main... more
A Best Academic Paper at the Integral European Conference, this paper presents an integrally‐informed, Wilber‐influenced approach to expanding the study of occupant behaviour beyond building science. Poorly understood occupants are a main reason why predicted and actual building energy performance deviate significantly. Existing research focuses on a useful but limited objective science and engineering approach. This research project develops an integral methodology for transdisciplinary inquiry of occupants' experience and action in architectural space, with regard to their experience of nature and natural forces. Each of four major perspectives has two research questions; each question, a method from architectural design, building science, cultural theory, place phenomenology or social psychology. Our hypothesis is that spatial‐temporal patterns can serve as an integrating frame among diverse perspectives. We conclude with proposing conceptual frames for future research into architectural inhabitation from sixteen prospects generated from four levels of complexity in each of four primary perspectives.
Research Interests: Architecture, Design Research Method (Architecture), Integral Theory, Design Research, Integral Studies, and 12 moreIntegral Ecology and Sustainability, Building science, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Architectural Research, Thermal comfort, Thermal Comfort of Buildings' Occupants, Building Sciences, Human Behavior and the Social Environment, Human Behavior In Natural & Built Environment, Occupant Behavior, Relationship of Buildings and Their Occupants, and Integral Sustainable Design
A Best Academic Paper at the Integral European Conference, the primary investigation of this paper is: How can architects address climate change by designing to place people into rich and significant relationships with Nature?... more
A Best Academic Paper at the Integral European Conference, the primary investigation of this paper is: How can architects address climate change by designing to place people into rich and significant relationships with Nature? Architecture is a powerful mediator of the relationship between humans and Nature. Solving climate change will mean having people take action for nature. To have people act for Nature, they must care for it. To care for it, people first have to have a relationship with Nature, which requires experiences of Nature––via architecture. However, contemporary sustainable design in the US takes a particular prospect on Nature, one dominated by performance assessment, a valid but limited approach that leaves out ecological pattern, human experiences, and the cultural meaning of “connecting to Nature.” In doing so, it fails to communicate with most of its non-scientific audience and thus disempowers its mission to solve the climate crisis by design. Because building energy use is about half of the cause of greenhouse gases, the building community has the greatest opportunity to create solutions.
The most common contemporary interpretation (or explaining narrative) of sustainable design is that it is defined by its technologies and that improving technologies will lessen architecture’s impact on Nature, and further, that technology is most often defined as energy technology and measured in terms of energy performance. Untangling the stories driving energy use and technology in buildings across generations helps us understand the alternative stories that drive today’s “design with Nature.”
This article engages important, timeless questions from the cultural perspective where our collective stories arise: How shall we design to relate people to Nature, particularly with respect to energy? What is our understanding of this particular ‘Nature’ to which we want to connect and relate via design? What are our cultural stories and narratives that explain Nature and energy to us? The article explores different ideas of what people think Nature and energy are and their concomitant intentions for designing relationships to Nature. Each primary view gives rise to a variety of metaphors in language that can describe its understanding. When used consciously, these design metaphors are powerful tools for generating design solutions and for organizing the many smaller ideas contained in any design project. Each primary view uses its metaphors to construct a different story about energy and natural resources.
Keywords: metaphor, story, design intention, levels of complexity, traditional, modern, postmodern, integral, integral theory, nature, building energy use, climate change, carbon-neutral, net-zero
The most common contemporary interpretation (or explaining narrative) of sustainable design is that it is defined by its technologies and that improving technologies will lessen architecture’s impact on Nature, and further, that technology is most often defined as energy technology and measured in terms of energy performance. Untangling the stories driving energy use and technology in buildings across generations helps us understand the alternative stories that drive today’s “design with Nature.”
This article engages important, timeless questions from the cultural perspective where our collective stories arise: How shall we design to relate people to Nature, particularly with respect to energy? What is our understanding of this particular ‘Nature’ to which we want to connect and relate via design? What are our cultural stories and narratives that explain Nature and energy to us? The article explores different ideas of what people think Nature and energy are and their concomitant intentions for designing relationships to Nature. Each primary view gives rise to a variety of metaphors in language that can describe its understanding. When used consciously, these design metaphors are powerful tools for generating design solutions and for organizing the many smaller ideas contained in any design project. Each primary view uses its metaphors to construct a different story about energy and natural resources.
Keywords: metaphor, story, design intention, levels of complexity, traditional, modern, postmodern, integral, integral theory, nature, building energy use, climate change, carbon-neutral, net-zero
Research Interests: Architecture, Climate Change, Narrative, Climate Change Adaptation, Integral Theory, and 38 moreEcological Design, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Building Design, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Modernist Architecture (Architectural Modernism), Postmodernism, Metaphor, Architectural Theory, Modern Architecture, Modernism, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Green Building, History and Theory of Modern Architecture, Sustainable design/development; architectural conservation; climate change mitigation, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Climate responsive Architecture, Traditional Architecture, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Postmodern Architecture, Ecologically sustainable design and biomimicry, Narrative Architecture, Green buildings, Architecture and Narrative, Sustainable Design Green Buildings, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Traditional Vernacular Architecture, Carbon Neutral Building, Integral Design for Sustainability and Dignity, Carbon Neutral Design, Net Zero Energy Homes, Chapters on Narrative and Nature, Modernism and Postmodernism In Architecture, Net Zero Energy Buildings and Sustainability, Integral Design, Architecture and Climate Change, inetgral architecture, and Integral Sustainable Design
This poster compiles the Design Strategy maps spreads from Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition into a single large page. Design Strategy maps show some of the relationships among Design Strategies and Strategy Bundles, across nine levels of... more
This poster compiles the Design Strategy maps spreads from Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition into a single large page. Design Strategy maps show some of the relationships among Design Strategies and Strategy Bundles, across nine levels of nested complexity, from Materials (Level 1) to Neighborhoods (Level 9)..
Research Interests: Architecture, Design Methods, Design Research Method (Architecture), Integral Theory, Systems Thinking, and 36 moreUrban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Climatic Changes, Sustainable Urban Environments, Vernacular Architecture, Energy Efficiency Buildings, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Architectural Theory, Design Methodology (Architecture), Low Carbone Cities, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Building, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Passive Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Design Methodology, Low carbon buildings design, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Emergent Design Strategies/Techniques in Architectural and Urban Design, Architecture and Public Spaces, Arquitectura Bioclimatica, Passive Design Strategies, Carbon Neutral Building, Carbon Neutral Design, Net Zero Energy Homes, Preliminary Design, and Passive Cooling Systems for Hot-Arid Climate in Islamic Iranian Architecture
This fully updated Third Edition covers principles of designing buildings that use the sun for heating, wind for cooling, and daylight for natural lighting. Using hundreds of illustrations this book offers practical strategies that give... more
This fully updated Third Edition covers principles of designing buildings that use the sun for heating, wind for cooling, and daylight for natural lighting. Using hundreds of illustrations this book offers practical strategies that give the designer the tools they need to make energy efficient buildings. The focus of this 800 page edition is net-zero energy and carbon-neutral design to meet Architecture 2030 targets. Four excerpts are attached.
Research Interests: Architecture, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Design Methods, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 40 moreEnvironmental Design, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Urban Open Space Design, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Energy Efficiency in buildings and cities, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Energy efficiency, Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Energy Efficient Architecture, Multidisciplinary design practices, Green Building, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and simulation, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Daylight, Passive Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Light, Passive Cooling, Thermal comfort, Natural ventilation, Naturally ventilated buildings, Passive House Design, Environmental Design of Buildings, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Thermal comfort & Energy efficiency in hot climates, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Solar Flat Plate Air Heaters, Bio-Climatic Design, Architecture and Public Spaces, Carbon Neutral Building, and Buildings’ Monitoring
Content from the 3rd edition of SWL, including contents for Printed Volume and Electronic volume.
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Building Design, Building Integrated Solar Energy Technologies, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, and 27 morePassive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Construction, Green Building, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Daylight, Climatic Design, Passive Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Solar Passive Architecture, Earthquake Resistant Structures, Waste Management, Passive Cooling, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Passive Solar Design, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Passive Design Strategies, Carbon Neutral Building, Carbon Neutral Design, Bio Climatic Architecture, Climatic Responsive Design, Passive Solar Cooling Techniques, Passive Solar Energy, Passive Cooling Systems for Hot-Arid Climate in Islamic Iranian Architecture, CONFORTO CLIMATICO, and Daylighting in Architecture
A conference poster about the 2nd edition of Sun, Wind & Light: architectural design strategies (G. Z. Brown & Mark DeKay, 2001) outlining: 1) The idea of Sun, Wind & Light, 2) The book's organization, 3) Visual Climatic Patterns, 4)... more
A conference poster about the 2nd edition of Sun, Wind & Light: architectural design strategies (G. Z. Brown & Mark DeKay, 2001) outlining: 1) The idea of Sun, Wind & Light, 2) The book's organization, 3) Visual Climatic Patterns, 4) Anatomy of a design strategy, 5) Strategies: structure and issues, 6) Additional resources, 7) Significance, 8) More information.
Research Interests: Design Methods, Design Research Method (Architecture), Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Design Methodology (Architecture), and 24 moreGreen architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Design Tools, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Climatic Design, Passive Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Passive Cooling, Design Methodology, Natural ventilation, Daylighting, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Visual Comfort and Daylighting, Climatic Responsive Architecture, Bio Climatic Architecture, Climatic Responsive Design, Passive Solar Cooling Techniques, and Preliminary Design
Resources to Supplement Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition. Includes videos demonstrating use of certain tools, sizing methods, etc. in SLW3. Also includes a series of videos demonstrating the use of the SWL Tools spreadsheet (available on... more
Resources to Supplement Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition. Includes videos demonstrating use of certain tools, sizing methods, etc. in SLW3. Also includes a series of videos demonstrating the use of the SWL Tools spreadsheet (available on this Academia.edu site).
PLEASE NOTE: To get the many files available, follow the link below to iTunesU. I cannot send you these media files directly, so please do not ask.
PLEASE NOTE: To get the many files available, follow the link below to iTunesU. I cannot send you these media files directly, so please do not ask.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Green Building, and 8 moreNatural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Passive Cooling, Passive House Design, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Carbon Neutral Building, and Net Zero Energy Buildings and Sustainability
A 62 pp spreadsheet with instructions, keyed to SWL, 3rd ed. Focused on net-zero energy and carbon-neutral design. For instructional videos, see iTunes U link below.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Green Building, and 13 moreGreen Architecture and Environmental Design, Climatic Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Passive Cooling, Natural ventilation, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Passive Solar Design, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Carbon Neutral Building, Climatic Responsive Design, Net Zero Energy Homes, and Net Zero Carbon Building Refurbishment
UPDATE 24 March 2014: This update applies only to Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies 3rd Edition. HUGE update. Focus is on zero-net energy and carbon neutral design, augmented by energy-plus building design.
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, and 7 moreGreen Building, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Passive Cooling, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, and Passive Design Strategies
I do not hesitate to say that any edition of Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies should be on the shelves of every design student, practitioner, and organization involved in city-building and environmental/energy... more
I do not hesitate to say that any edition of Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies should be on the shelves of every design student, practitioner, and organization involved in city-building and environmental/energy consulting. And for those interested in updating an older version, the 3rd edition of SWL is a worthwhile investment.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Green Building, and 9 moreGreen Architecture and Environmental Design, Climatic Design, Passive Cooling, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Passive Design Strategies, Climatic Responsive Design, and Net Zero Energy Homes
"In a time when visual culture informs many design decisions, the most relevant aspect of the third edition of Sun, Wind and Light is its dedication to the generation of form based on energy issues. SWL continues to digest and simplify... more
"In a time when visual culture informs many design decisions, the most relevant aspect of the third edition of Sun, Wind and Light is its dedication to the generation of form based on energy issues. SWL continues to digest and simplify the mass of new information that has flooded in since 2001. Although it has added 225 new illustrations, 4 analysis techniques, 6 high performance assessment techniques, 15 design strategies, 7 synergies, and 9 bundles, it has tamed this expansion by splitting itself into a smaller printed version and a more encyclopedic electronic version, in addition to tying together the new and existing design strategies into “Synergies” and “Bundles.” The new organization is very logical, so much so that I’m considering re-organizing my ECS lesson plans.
"
"
Research Interests: Architecture, Renewable Energy, Design Research, Sustainable Building Design, Energy Efficiency Buildings, and 17 moreArchitectural Theory, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Energy efficiency, Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Solar Energy, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Passive Cooling, Natural ventilation, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Solar heating systems, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Carbon Neutral Building, Carbon Neutral Design, and Net Zero Energy Homes
""also see www.sunwindlight.net How to design buildings that heat with the sun, cool with the wind, light with the sky, and move into the future using on-site renewable resources Developed for rapid use during schematic design, this... more
""also see www.sunwindlight.net
How to design buildings that heat with the sun, cool with the wind, light with the sky, and move into the future using on-site renewable resources
Developed for rapid use during schematic design, this book clarifies relationships between form and energy and gives designers tools for designing sustainably. It also:
* Applies the latest passive energy and lighting design research
* Organizes information by architectural elements at three scales:
* building groups, individual buildings, and building parts
* Brings design strategies to life with examples and practical design tools
Features:
* 109 analysis techniques and design strategies
* More than 750 illustrations, sizing graphs, and tables
* Both inch-pound and metric units""
How to design buildings that heat with the sun, cool with the wind, light with the sky, and move into the future using on-site renewable resources
Developed for rapid use during schematic design, this book clarifies relationships between form and energy and gives designers tools for designing sustainably. It also:
* Applies the latest passive energy and lighting design research
* Organizes information by architectural elements at three scales:
* building groups, individual buildings, and building parts
* Brings design strategies to life with examples and practical design tools
Features:
* 109 analysis techniques and design strategies
* More than 750 illustrations, sizing graphs, and tables
* Both inch-pound and metric units""
Research Interests: Architecture, Photovoltaics, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Renewable Energy, Urban Planning, and 57 moreSustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urbanism, Urban Regeneration, Sustainable Urban Environments, Energy Efficiency Buildings, Environmental Design, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Building Integrated Solar Energy Technologies, Suatainable Energy, Green architecture, Energy Efficiency in buildings and cities, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Contemporary Design and Green architecture, Contemporary, Green architecture, Energy efficiency, Contemporary,Green architecture, Daylight Factor simulation methods, Hybrid Ventilation, Urban Design (Urban Studies), Public Space, Daylight Assessment, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and simulation, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Daylight, Sustainable Urban Planning, Metaphor in Architectural Design, Architectural Phenomenology, Urban Theory History, Urban Design, Urban Ecology, Urbanization in Developing Countries, Housing Issues, Green Architecure, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Sustainable/Green Architecture & Urbanism, Light, Ecological Architecture, Passive Cooling, Landscape architecture, Ecological urbanism, sustainable development, Passive Ventilation Strategies in Buildings, Bioclimatic envelope, Bioclimatic design, Bioclimatic analysis, Photovoltaic Energy, Green Architecture, Vernacular Architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Naturally ventilated buildings, This is a book, John Wiley (2001), Environmental Design of Buildings, Thermal comfort & Energy efficiency in hot climates, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Community participation and engagement, Urban Cohesion, Buildings’ Monitoring, The Making of Islamic Architecture, Architectural Heritage Conservation, and Building Integrated Renewable Energy
Portugese edition of Sun, Wind & Light: architectural design strategies. ISBN-10: 8536303441.
ISBN-13: 978-8536303444
This is a 400-page book. I cannot send you a copy. It should be available online. See the links provided.
ISBN-13: 978-8536303444
This is a 400-page book. I cannot send you a copy. It should be available online. See the links provided.
Contents and front matter for the book, Integral Sustainable Design: Transformative Perspectives
Research Interests: Design, Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Green Infrastructure, and 22 moreSustainable Development, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Bio Architecture, Bioclimatic Architecture, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Philosophy of Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Integral, Ken Wilber, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Ecological Architecture, Green Buildings, LEED, Energy Audits, Structural, Design with nature, Environmental Design Frameworks, and Integral Architecture
Research Interests:
"By Mark DeKay. Edited Susanne Bennett "This book offers practical and theoretical tools for more effective sustainable design solutions and for communicating sustainable design ideas to today's diverse stakeholders. It uses... more
"By Mark DeKay. Edited Susanne Bennett
"This book offers practical and theoretical tools for more effective sustainable design solutions and for communicating sustainable design ideas to today's diverse stakeholders.
It uses integral theory to make sense of the many competing ideas in this area and offers a powerful conceptual framework for sustainable designers through the four main perspectives of: behaviours; systems; experiences; cultures.
It also uses human developmental theory to reframe sustainable design across four levels of complexity present in society: the Traditional, Modern, Postmodern, and Integral waves. Profuse with illustrations and examples, the book offers many conceptual tools including:
• twelve principles of integral sustainable design
• sixteen prospects of sustainable design
• six perceptual shifts for ecological design thinking
• five levels of sustainable design aesthetics
• ten injunctions for designing connections to nature.""
"This book offers practical and theoretical tools for more effective sustainable design solutions and for communicating sustainable design ideas to today's diverse stakeholders.
It uses integral theory to make sense of the many competing ideas in this area and offers a powerful conceptual framework for sustainable designers through the four main perspectives of: behaviours; systems; experiences; cultures.
It also uses human developmental theory to reframe sustainable design across four levels of complexity present in society: the Traditional, Modern, Postmodern, and Integral waves. Profuse with illustrations and examples, the book offers many conceptual tools including:
• twelve principles of integral sustainable design
• sixteen prospects of sustainable design
• six perceptual shifts for ecological design thinking
• five levels of sustainable design aesthetics
• ten injunctions for designing connections to nature.""
Research Interests: Landscape Ecology, Cultural Studies, Aesthetics, Art, Architecture, and 80 moreSustainable Communities, Design Methods, Ethics & Social Sustainability, Landscape Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Cultural Theory, Sustainable Development, Design Theory, Biotechnology, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urbanism, Bioremediation, Architectural Education, Cultural Sustainability, Architectural History, Environmental Aesthetics, Design History and Theory, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Interior Design as the Making of Metaphors, The Metametaphor Of Architectural Education, Arcitecture as the Making of Metaphors, Ecology, Postmodernism, Bio Architecture, Metaphor, "Constructive" Postmodernism, Landscape Theory, Architecture Design, Context Architecture Metaphors, Design Methodology (Creativity), Architectural Theory, Modern Architecture, Sustainable Building Materials, Sustainable Energy, Aesthetics and Ethics, Sustainable Human Development, Sustainable Construction, Postmodern Theory Building/Knowledge Construction, Design Methodology (Architecture), Green architecture, Community, Landscape Urbanism, Environmental Sustainability, Design Theory (Architecture), Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Rural Development, Design Theory and Philosophy, Sustainable Design, Contemporary Design and Green architecture, Contemporary, Green architecture, Social sustainability, - Contemporary, Green architecture, Contemporary,Green architecture, Space, Integral Studies, Integral Traditionalism, Ken Wilber, History of architecture, History and Theory of Modern Architecture, Books, Integral Research, Architecture Design and Theories, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Urban Theory History, Urban Design, Urban Ecology, Urbanization in Developing Countries, Housing Issues, Integral Philosophy, Green Architecure, Traditional Architecture, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Postmodern Architecture, History of Landscape Architecture, Ecological Architecture, Architecture Education, Architectural Design process and Simuation, Architectural Education, A Knowledge-Based System Assisted Architectural Application, Intelligent Buildings, Sustainable Design, Green Eco-Building, Intergral Philosophy, Ecological Perception, Ecologic Perception and Semiotics, Spatial Relationships, Art As Research, and Thinking Through Practice
Research Interests:
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by Aran Baker
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Foreword [by Prof. Mark DeKay] to Integral Lens, vol. 1 by Pygmalion Karatzas A visual journey of contemporary architecture and cityscapes from the United States awarded by Fulbright Foundation Greece. Author website:... more
Foreword [by Prof. Mark DeKay] to
Integral Lens, vol. 1 by Pygmalion Karatzas
A visual journey of contemporary architecture and cityscapes from the United States awarded by Fulbright Foundation Greece.
Author website: http://karatzas.wix.com/photo
Project description available here: http://karatzas.wix.com/photo#!__integral-lens-i
Book can be ordered here: http://www.blurb.com/b/7103787-integral-lens-vol-1
Integral Lens, vol. 1 by Pygmalion Karatzas
A visual journey of contemporary architecture and cityscapes from the United States awarded by Fulbright Foundation Greece.
Author website: http://karatzas.wix.com/photo
Project description available here: http://karatzas.wix.com/photo#!__integral-lens-i
Book can be ordered here: http://www.blurb.com/b/7103787-integral-lens-vol-1
Research Interests: Photographs, Architecture, Photography, Digital Photography, Landscape Architecture, and 26 moreIntegral Theory, Urbanism, Photography Theory, Landscape Photography, Modern Architecture, Architecture And Photography, Architectural Photography, Documentary Photography, Fine Art Photography, Photography (Visual Studies), Public Space, Integral Studies, Ken Wilber, Cities, Urban Design, Urban Public Open Space, Public spaces, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Fulbright, Digital Photography of Architectural Space, Fulbright Program, Fulbright Exchange Program, Architecture and Public Spaces, History and Theory of Photography, Architectural and Industrial Photography, and Urban Aesthetics
An architect travels to Gandhi’s last ashram in the verdant plains of central India and reflects on what Gandhi’s hut and the community around it have to say about how to build contemporary ecological buildings and cities. The author... more
An architect travels to Gandhi’s last ashram in the verdant plains of central India and reflects on what Gandhi’s hut and the community around it have to say about how to build contemporary ecological buildings and cities. The author alternates observations of the place with the rush of thoughts it engenders, weaving ideas of self-reliance, radical democracy, an extended definition of self-in-community, the flex-flow of life patterns fit to nature’s place patterns, the oneness-yet-hierarchy of culture and nature, the nonessentialness of convenience, and the need for an integral development reconnecting building-culture with both nature and an ethical life.
This paper, illustrated with built examples, uses Integral Theory to map four distinct yet ever-present perspectives on Sustainable Design, each with fundamentally different methods, criteria for value, and definitions of good form. The... more
This paper, illustrated with built examples, uses Integral Theory to map four distinct yet ever-present perspectives on Sustainable Design, each with fundamentally different methods, criteria for value, and definitions of good form. The perspectives are articulated by intersecting two primary distinctions: 1) subjective (interior) vs. objective (exterior) ways of knowing and 2) perspectives of individuals (parts, persons, members) vs. collective systems (wholes, networks, societies). This yields four different viewpoints: Behaviours (singular-objective) [the “IT” prospects], Systems (collective/inter-objective) [the “ITS” prospects], Experiences (singular-subjective) [the “I” prospects], and Cultures (collective/inter-subjective) [the “We” prospects]. From each of these varied perspectives on design, the nature of Sustainable Design and that of Nature itself show up quite differently. Yet many Sustainable Design approaches are primarily grounded in the singular-objective Behaviours Perspective. The expanded multi-perspectival view presented here can enable designers to more comprehensively address the complexity of today’s ecological challenges by including the individual, cultural and social dimensions that contribute to the creation of a sustainable world.
Keywords: integral theory, performance, systems, cultures, experiences, sustainability
Keywords: integral theory, performance, systems, cultures, experiences, sustainability
Research Interests: Architecture, Integral Theory, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, and 5 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Building, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, and Integral Design for Sustainability and Dignity
ABSTRACT: This paper describes a portion of research to generate and test an integrated knowledge structure for net-zero energy design at the preliminary architectural design phase that helps designers choose families of design... more
ABSTRACT: This paper describes a portion of research to generate and test an integrated knowledge structure for net-zero energy design at the preliminary architectural design phase that helps designers choose families of design strategies. Its premises are that important relationships among energy topics can be expressed in architectural terms as associated design strategies and that a sequence of complexity can structure a map of important relationships among strategies at
different scales. The ‘Design Strategy Maps’ generated here are a series of graphic diagrams organized into nine levels of complexity, from materials to neighborhoods, which show the relationships among design strategies in a nested, lattice-like network, with these characteristics: Each strategy is both a whole and a part; each organizes and is made up of smaller strategies, and also has a context within a larger strategy. More complex/larger strategies organize patterns of smaller ones. A full network of strategies is necessary for a whole and complete environment. The strengths of this organization lie in linking strategies across scales, identifying strategies potentially critical to the success of another, and providing a graphic overview of the whole knowledge base.
different scales. The ‘Design Strategy Maps’ generated here are a series of graphic diagrams organized into nine levels of complexity, from materials to neighborhoods, which show the relationships among design strategies in a nested, lattice-like network, with these characteristics: Each strategy is both a whole and a part; each organizes and is made up of smaller strategies, and also has a context within a larger strategy. More complex/larger strategies organize patterns of smaller ones. A full network of strategies is necessary for a whole and complete environment. The strengths of this organization lie in linking strategies across scales, identifying strategies potentially critical to the success of another, and providing a graphic overview of the whole knowledge base.
Research Interests: Design Methods, Integral Theory, Sustainable Building Design, Systems Theory, Bioclimatic Architecture, and 14 moreBioclimatic Urban Design, Sustainable Energy, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Passive Cooling, Architectural Design process and Simuation, Architectural Education, A Knowledge-Based System Assisted Architectural Application, Intelligent Buildings, Sustainable Design, Green Eco-Building, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Net Zero Carbon Building Refurbishment, and Zero Carbon Building
ABSTRACT: Aesthetics is a major concern for designers operating from the ‘experiences perspective’ on sustainable design. This paper applies human developmental theory to propose a progression of five increasingly inclusive levels,... more
ABSTRACT: Aesthetics is a major concern for designers operating from the ‘experiences perspective’ on sustainable
design. This paper applies human developmental theory to propose a progression of five increasingly inclusive levels, i.e.,
stages of sustainable design aesthetics, illustrated with built examples. New levels require increasing integration of
understandings as well as representations of phenomena revealed from different sources, methods and tools. Visual
aesthetics values visual experience and order, where objects always show up as objective form. Phenomenological
aesthetics refers to the experiential side of process; that is, what is beautiful is how we experience something with our
whole being in multiple senses, such as the aesthetic experience of riding a bicycle. Process aesthetics recognizes the
‘patterns that connect,’ the elegant fitness and interplay between form and process. Something is beautiful if it reveals a
process and if the patterns of space help resolve the inner forces present in its contextual situation. Ecological aesthetics
appreciates the beauty of things whose patterns create ecological health and are thus aligned to ecological principles and
order. Evolutionary aesthetics perceives the ‘order’ of process. Something is beautiful if it reveals how it changes and
evolves over time, especially toward greater integration, order and complexity.
design. This paper applies human developmental theory to propose a progression of five increasingly inclusive levels, i.e.,
stages of sustainable design aesthetics, illustrated with built examples. New levels require increasing integration of
understandings as well as representations of phenomena revealed from different sources, methods and tools. Visual
aesthetics values visual experience and order, where objects always show up as objective form. Phenomenological
aesthetics refers to the experiential side of process; that is, what is beautiful is how we experience something with our
whole being in multiple senses, such as the aesthetic experience of riding a bicycle. Process aesthetics recognizes the
‘patterns that connect,’ the elegant fitness and interplay between form and process. Something is beautiful if it reveals a
process and if the patterns of space help resolve the inner forces present in its contextual situation. Ecological aesthetics
appreciates the beauty of things whose patterns create ecological health and are thus aligned to ecological principles and
order. Evolutionary aesthetics perceives the ‘order’ of process. Something is beautiful if it reveals how it changes and
evolves over time, especially toward greater integration, order and complexity.
Research Interests:
This paper briefly introduces the fundamentals of an Integral Theory of Sustainable Design, drawing on the writings of American philosopher, Ken Wilber, including concepts of multiple perspectives (quadrants) and multiple levels of... more
This paper briefly introduces the fundamentals of an Integral Theory of Sustainable Design, drawing on the writings of American philosopher, Ken Wilber, including concepts of multiple perspectives (quadrants) and multiple levels of development complexity. It explores the implications for an integral approach to sustainable design. Integral Theory's multiple perspectives include basic perspectival distinctions of behaviors, systems, cultures, and experiences. For sustainable design, this approach includes subjective and objective value spheres in developing effective solutions to environmental problems. Each of these perspectives can be understood as unfolding in stages or waves of complexity, yielding a matrix of viewpoints and concerns. Daylighting is explored in greater detail, proposing an integral daylighting framework of four perspectives and three levels of complexity: the 12 Niches of Architectural Daylighting. The Bigelow Chapel at the United Theological Seminary in New Brighton, Minnesota is used as a case study for understanding architectural daylighting via the integral lens.
Research Interests: Architecture, Integral Theory, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Building Design, Environmental Sustainability, and 12 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Multidisciplinary design practices, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Daylight, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Light, Thermal comfort, and Daylighting
This 1992 paper creates a theoretical framework of analysis for understanding the concerns of ecological designers. Various definitions of ecological design are reviewed to show its basis in natural ecological systems, either as analog or... more
This 1992 paper creates a theoretical framework of analysis for understanding the concerns of ecological designers. Various definitions of ecological design are reviewed to show its basis in natural ecological systems, either as analog or as context, and its purpose as creating sustainability. Ecological design methods are categorized as conceptual, factual, or integrative. The characteristics and definitions of these methods are explained and several practitioners and theorists classified. Lyle's concept of ecosystemic order is used to show the basis of methods in either a building architecture or a landscape architecture perspective. A matrix is generated and applied to a representative of each category, showing the concerns of each in terms of the integration of human and natural ecosystem structure, function, and location.
Research Interests: Landscape Architecture, Ecological Design, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urbanism, and 23 moreSustainable Urban Environments, Green urbanism (Architecture), Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Urban Environments (Architecture), Sustainable Design, Contemporary Design and Green architecture, Sustainable Landscape Design (Architecture), Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Green Design, Ecologically sustainable design and biomimicry, Regenerative Design, Sustainable Design Green Buildings, Ecological Planning and Environmental Design, Sustainable Landscapes, Interior designing/ green architecture, Architectural Theory and Design, Ecologically Sustainable Design, Ecological Urban Design, and Ecological Landscape Design Practices
It is common practice to use hourly dynamic thermal modelling for building design, yet climate responsive urban design, is often based on predominant wind directions analysed for particular 'typical' days or times. Such a snapshot view... more
It is common practice to use hourly dynamic thermal modelling for building design, yet climate responsive urban design, is often based on predominant wind directions analysed for particular 'typical' days or times. Such a snapshot view does not reflect how often these conditions occur and whether design changes based on single instances are warranted. This paper explores the efficacy of using an annual dynamic approach, by extending and comparing results from a previous study of district massing on local microclimate. These dynamic annual analyses were undertaken using a new cloud-based microclimate analysis tool that employs open source software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and post-processing of results. This tool allows for complex hourly analyses of solar radiation, wind and comfort distribution to be conducted within a commonly used 3-D modelling software environment. Following the previous study, this paper compares the resulting urban form across three major issues: pedestrian comfort, air quality and building cross-ventilation potential. Pedestrian comfort assessment includes thermal comfort, using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) and wind comfort, using the Dutch standard NEN 8100. Air quality is approximated by air age distribution. Building ventilation potential is assessed by mapping pressure differentials at points on opposing building faces.
Research Interests: Urban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and simulation, Urban Design, and 15 moreTransit oriented development, Sustainable Urban Planning, CFD Analysis, Microclimate urban design, Outdoor Thermal Comfort, Urban air quality modelling, Air quality measurement and modeling, Natural ventilation, Microclimate, Transportation Planning, Transit Oriented Development, Urban Planning, Natural Ventilation in High Rise Buildings, Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD), Urban Wind Flow, Urban Wind, and Pedestrian Comfort
This paper reports phase 1 results from a project to develop design guidance for urban wind fields. Phase one assesses " super-block " developments; Phase 2 redesigns neighborhoods using Transit-Oriented Design (TOD) guidelines for China... more
This paper reports phase 1 results from a project to develop design guidance for urban wind fields. Phase one assesses " super-block " developments; Phase 2 redesigns neighborhoods using Transit-Oriented Design (TOD) guidelines for China and draws comparisons. The project addresses urban form for three major criteria: pedestrian comfort, air quality, and building ventilation potential. Five super-block developments in Wuhan, China, were studied, each with 500-700 m (1650–2300 ft) blocks and 100-140 m (330–460 ft) " towers-in-a-park. " Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to model velocity, PMV comfort, pressure and air age patterns for summer and winter conditions. Air quality is approximated by air age distribution. Building ventilation potential is assessed by pressure differentials at multiple points across building sections. Super-blocks with isolated towers have poor urban quality on many measures, while residents drive more and use much more energy than in traditional housing. We hypothesized that the super-block tower pattern would perform well on all three criteria. Results show differently: 1) Building ventilation potential is below Chinese standard for a high fraction of building facade areas, 2) Air age, poorer than expected, and 3) Pedestrian comfort, highly varied.
Research Interests: Air Quality, Urban Planning, China, Pedestrian Walkability (Architecture and public spaces), Urban And Regional Planning, and 17 moreNatural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Urban Design, Transit oriented development, Urban Climatology, Urban air quality modelling, Thermal comfort, High Rise Buildings, Natural ventilation, Transit-Oriented Development, Thermal comfort & Energy efficiency in hot climates, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Transportation Planning, Transit Oriented Development, Urban Planning, Natural Ventilation in High Rise Buildings, Urban Built Form Patterns and Climate, Urban Wind Flow, Pedestrian Comfort, and Peter Calthorpe
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative... more
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative patterns, and proposing innovative solutions for an ecologically healthy downtown. The objective was to find practical ways for natural systems and urban development to reinforce each other.
We make six main recommendations that are necessary to fully take advantage of our integrated approach.
1 An Integral Development Framework
2 A Green Infrastructure Network
3 An Integrated Water Network
4 A Green Neighborhoods Program
5 A Green Buildings Program
6 A Green Policy Framework
We make six main recommendations that are necessary to fully take advantage of our integrated approach.
1 An Integral Development Framework
2 A Green Infrastructure Network
3 An Integrated Water Network
4 A Green Neighborhoods Program
5 A Green Buildings Program
6 A Green Policy Framework
Research Interests: Green Infrastructure, Urban Planning, Sustainable Urbanism, Sustainable Urban Environments, Green urbanism (Architecture), and 20 moreBioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Green architecture, Landscape Urbanism, Urban And Regional Planning, Urban Landscape, Greenways, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Green Neighborhoods, sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), Urban Green Open Spaces, Daylighting, Green Urbanism, Daylight, Urban Form, Buiding Height and Shape, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, and Solar Urban Planning
Access to site-based energy resources is a pre-requisite for natural lighting, solar heating, and natural ventilation in buildings. This paper describes design methods and proposals developed for the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA,... more
Access to site-based energy resources is a pre-requisite for natural lighting, solar heating, and natural ventilation in buildings. This paper describes design methods and proposals developed for the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA, to simultaneously address access to daylight, solar radiation and wind for as many buildings as possible in the urban core. The study area is the entire downtown district. Results include specific design proposals as part of the city’s Downtown Plan along with portable design patterns that may be employed in other cities. The organization of buildings, streets and open spaces in higher density areas can either preserve or block access to sun, wind, and light resources. I developed a composite technique, ‘Climatic Envelopes,’ which regulates the shape of buildings on a block or site for the purpose of protecting access to both daylight from the sky and direct radiation from sun. It combines the ‘Daylight Envelope’ with the ‘Solar Envelope’. This technique was applied to the existing pattern of blocks and buildings in the downtown core. Results show that existing buildings were not designed to consider other sites’ rights to light and sun. My team developed building configurations that satisfy the criteria for composite climatic envelopes and follow several design patterns for daylighting, while maximizing development potential. The resulting calculated floor area ratio for the proposed pattern was twice the existing density. The team developed proposals for modifications to cool the city by creating additional shade, channeling winds to bring ventilation to more buildings, and working withthe existing topography, resulting in a ‘Downtown Cooling Plan.’
Keywords: daylight access, daylight envelope, solar access, solar envelope,passive solar heating, urban design, climatic envelope, passive cooling, urbancooling, urban microclimate
Keywords: daylight access, daylight envelope, solar access, solar envelope,passive solar heating, urban design, climatic envelope, passive cooling, urbancooling, urban microclimate
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 15 moreGreen urbanism (Architecture), Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Urban Design, Daylight, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Light, Passive Cooling, Natural ventilation, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, and Urban Green Open Spaces
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Urban Regeneration, and 15 moreSustainable Urban Environments, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Urban Design (Urban Studies), Public Space, Daylight Assessment, Urban Design, Daylight, Sustainable Urban Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Light, Daylighting & Rights of Light, Community participation and engagement, and Urban Cohesion
This paper explores the implications of community gardening for land use and density, especially in medium to high density urban contexts. A review of literature addressing urban agriculture with respect to urban design revealed no... more
This paper explores the implications of community gardening for land use and density, especially in medium to high density urban contexts. A review of literature addressing urban agriculture with respect to urban design revealed no quantitative or design vocabulary analysis of community gardening. To date, community gardening has been treated as an infill strategy and is rarely considered early in the urban design process. The paper develops preliminary design tools for determining site coverage sizing, and protecting solar access. It also identifies a set of simple community garden types for grid cities, develops block size parameters, and suggests development patterns for protecting solar access to open space.
Research Interests:
An extensive plan for conservation and development in the Beaver Creek Watershed of north Knox County, Tennessee
Research Interests: Landscape Ecology, Spatial Analysis, Landscape Architecture, Green Infrastructure, Water quality, and 25 moreSustainable Development, Urban Planning, Computer Aided Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Housing, Green urbanism (Architecture), Transportation, Sustainable Water Resources Management, Landscape Urbanism, Sustainable Design, Neighborhood Design (Architecture), Urban Design, Environmental Criminology, Landscape Planning, Green Neighborhoods, Green Infrastructure Impacts on Water Quality and Flooding, Ecosystem Service Restoration, Land-Use and Climate Change Impacts on Stormwater Systems, Water Resource Stewardship Through Environmental Education, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, Urban Green Open Spaces, Green Infrastructure in Urban Design, Conservation Easement, Water Buffer, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
A conservation and development plan for the Beaver Creek Watershed in north Knox County, Tennessee.
Research Interests: Botany, Landscape Ecology, City and Suburban Integration, Environmental Education, Science Communication, and 50 moreSpatial Analysis, Conservation Biology, Landscape Architecture, Green Infrastructure, Water quality, Urban Planning, Biotechnology, Sustainable Urbanism, Computer Aided Design, Bioremediation, Heritage Conservation, Sustainable Urban Environments, Biology, Housing, Ecology, Transportation, Ecohydrology, Vegetation Ecology, Environmental GIS, Biodiversity, Forest Ecology, Landscape Urbanism, Environmental Sustainability, Human-wildlife conflicts, Remote sensing and GIS applications in Landscape Research, Transportation and Land Use, Land-use planning, Water Pollution, Sustainable Design, Park planning, Land Use Change, Multidisciplinary design practices, Biodiversity Research, Urban Design, Environmental Criminology, Landscape Planning, Park and Recreation Planning, Nature Conservation, Groundwater Quality, Green Infrastructure Impacts on Water Quality and Flooding, Ecosystem Service Restoration, Land-Use and Climate Change Impacts on Stormwater Systems, Water Resource Stewardship Through Environmental Education, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, Landscape and Land-use-history, Conservation Easement, Alpine and Arctic Research, Environmental Systems Analysis, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Ecosystem Functions and Services
The environmental component of the Chattanooga Downtown Plan, including surrounding neighborhoods. Contents: A. Green City Theory; B. An Integral Urban Structure; C. Current Conditions; D. The Downtown Plan Process; E. Recommendations, 1... more
The environmental component of the Chattanooga Downtown Plan, including surrounding neighborhoods. Contents: A. Green City Theory; B. An Integral Urban Structure; C. Current Conditions; D. The Downtown Plan Process; E. Recommendations, 1 Implement a Green Development Framework, 2 Build a Green Infrastructure Network, 3 Build and Integrated Water Network, 4 Rebuild Green City Neighborhoods, 5 Implement a Green Buildings Program, 6 Adopt a Green Policy Framework; Appendices
Research Interests: Green Infrastructure, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Sustainable Urbanism, Stormwater, and 13 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, City planning, Greenways, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Climatic Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Daylighting, Downtown Revitalization, and Water In the City
Research Interests:
In this 1993 paper, land use and density implications of daylighting are explored by reasoning from the massing characteristics of daylit buildings and by applying the results from a study of street width to building height ratios. This... more
In this 1993 paper, land use and density implications of daylighting are explored by reasoning from the massing characteristics of daylit buildings and by applying the results from a study of street width to building height ratios. This study explored the idea that, if generalizations could be made about the form of atria buildings, then blocks and streets could be laid out to support daylighting as a design strategy. The most efficient (highest density) atria buildings that can be built on an unobstructed site are determined, then intersected with actual patterns of streets and blocks from Pacific Northwest cities. Analysis of these suggests a set of generic building/block patterns for grid cities. The relationships between daylight factor inside a room and the ratio of street wall height to street width were used to determine allowable prescriptive daylight access envelopes. The building bulk allowed by these daylight access envelopes was then calculated.
Research Interests: Renewable Energy, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 24 moreEnergy Efficiency Buildings, Sustainable Energy, Low Carbone Cities, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Energy efficiency, Green Building, Urban Design, Daylight, Sustainable Cities, Smart Cities, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Daylight modelling, Daylighting, Atriums, Energy Efficiency, City Block, Town Planning..., Urban Block Pattern, Atrium Design, Atrium Building, and Atrium in an Office Building
Most tools available to designers are intended to provide information about the levels and distribution of light within a single room. Very few studies have addressed the impact of daylighting on the building as a whole, in terms of... more
Most tools available to designers are intended to provide information about the levels and distribution of light within a single room. Very few studies have addressed the impact of daylighting on the building as a whole, in terms of either quantifying basic massing decisions or the implications for other important efficiency and economic decisions, such as gross to net planning ratios, floor area ratios, or the fraction of floor area daylit.
This study establishes a rule-of-thumb for building dimension from outside wall to atrium and shows the relative impact of atria sizing on massing, floor plan efficiency, structural spans, and percentage of rentable area day lit (%RAD), for variations in latitude and building height. During schematic design the rule-of-thumb may be used to size the dimensions of building wings adjacent to atria. The plan implications, presented graphically, can be used to assess schematic daylighting, economic, and structural implications of building height and thickness.
This study establishes a rule-of-thumb for building dimension from outside wall to atrium and shows the relative impact of atria sizing on massing, floor plan efficiency, structural spans, and percentage of rentable area day lit (%RAD), for variations in latitude and building height. During schematic design the rule-of-thumb may be used to size the dimensions of building wings adjacent to atria. The plan implications, presented graphically, can be used to assess schematic daylighting, economic, and structural implications of building height and thickness.
Research Interests: Real Estate, Architecture, Urban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 27 moreArchitectural Lighting, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Lighting Design for Performance, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Daylight Assessment, Green Building, Office Design, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Architectural Lighting Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Bioclimatic design, Daylighting, Atriums, Environmentally Friendly Office Building, Thermal Comfort, Ventilation and Daylight in a Building, Bioclimatic Architecture and Sustainable Development, Office buildings, Sustaianble Urban Planning, Atrium Design, Bioclimatic design strategies for sustainable tropical architecture, Bioclimate Architecture, Daylighting in office buildings, Atrium Building, and Atrium in an Office Building
[1993] This paper presents a study of the relationship bewteen daylight factor (DF) inside a typical office at street level and the building height to street width ratio (H/W). This relationship is quantifies and the major variables... more
[1993] This paper presents a study of the relationship bewteen daylight factor (DF) inside a typical office at street level and the building height to street width ratio (H/W). This relationship is quantifies and the major variables explored.
A review of the daylight planning literature revealed that each daylight planning tool was designed in some way to control sky exposure by limiting street wall height or spacing between buildings, and that H/W recommendations varied between 1:1 and 1:3. A study was initiated to determine H/W in relation to average and minimum daylight factors within a building.
A review of the daylight planning literature revealed that each daylight planning tool was designed in some way to control sky exposure by limiting street wall height or spacing between buildings, and that H/W recommendations varied between 1:1 and 1:3. A study was initiated to determine H/W in relation to average and minimum daylight factors within a building.
Research Interests: Urban Planning, Urban And Regional Planning, Daylight Factor simulation methods, Urban Design, Daylight, and 8 moreArquitetura e Urbanismo, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Daylight modelling, Land Use Law, Zoning and Comprehensive Planning, Daylighting, Daylight Simulation, Zoning and Standards, and Streets
This study gives a comparative analysis of available daylight planning tools and develops a rule-of-thumb method for determining street width to building height ratios, related to actual illumination levels inside urban buildings. Nine... more
This study gives a comparative analysis of available daylight planning tools and develops a rule-of-thumb method for determining street width to building height ratios, related to actual illumination levels inside urban buildings. Nine daylight planning tools for site planning and urban design decisions were identified, their characteristics compared, and the tools classified. Six of these tools were compared by applying them to a 200' x 400' (651 x 122 m) urban block at 40 degrees latitude. FAR allowed by the generated envelope was calculated for each tool and compared. A wide range of allowable building envelopes was found.
All prescriptive tools either specified or implied a street height to width ratio (H/W), but none provided a quantified basis for its proportion or exposure plane. A study was initiated to determine H/W in relation to average an minimum daylight factor within a building. A test was conducted using physical modeling in a mirror box artificial sky. Results of this test, plotting H/W against average daylight factor can be used as a preliminary design tool or as a way to determine zoning restrictions, while protecting daylight access.
All prescriptive tools either specified or implied a street height to width ratio (H/W), but none provided a quantified basis for its proportion or exposure plane. A study was initiated to determine H/W in relation to average an minimum daylight factor within a building. A test was conducted using physical modeling in a mirror box artificial sky. Results of this test, plotting H/W against average daylight factor can be used as a preliminary design tool or as a way to determine zoning restrictions, while protecting daylight access.
Research Interests: Sustainable Development, Environmental Planning and Design, Urban Planning, Urban Regeneration, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 25 moreGreen urbanism (Architecture), Green architecture, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Daylight Factor simulation methods, Daylight Assessment, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Daylight, Sustainable Cities, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Daylight modelling, Land Use Law, Zoning and Comprehensive Planning, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, Daylighting, Daylight Simulation, Green Urbanism, Daylight, Urban Form, Buiding Height and Shape, Street Canyon, Zoning and Standards, Urban Canyon, Solar Envelope, High Density, Urban Form, Artificial Sky, Solar envelope, and Urban Canyons
This paper presents an integrally-informed, Wilber-influenced approach to expanding the study of occupant behaviour beyond building science. Poorly understood occupants are a main reason why predicted and actual building energy... more
This paper presents an integrally-informed, Wilber-influenced approach to expanding the study of occupant behaviour beyond building science. Poorly understood occupants are a main reason why predicted and actual building energy performance deviate significantly. Existing research focuses on a useful but limited objective science and engineering approach. This research project develops an integral methodology for transdisciplinary inquiry of occupants' experience and action in architectural space, with regard to their experience of nature and natural forces. Each of four major perspectives has two research questions; each question, a method from architectural design, building science, cultural theory, place phenomenology or social psychology. Our hypothesis is that spatial-temporal patterns can serve as an integrating frame among diverse perspectives. We conclude with proposing conceptual frames for future research into architectural inhabitation from sixteen prospects generated from four levels of complexity in each of four primary perspectives.
The aim of this research was to assess the reliability of occupants’ verbalised thoughts and experiences of environmental conditions for objective environmental condition assessment. This research was based on the Integral Sustainable... more
The aim of this research was to assess the reliability of occupants’ verbalised thoughts and experiences of
environmental conditions for objective environmental condition assessment. This research was based on the
Integral Sustainable Design approach and included concurrent think-aloud method and environmental measurements
at participants indicated most intense temperature, air movement, sound, lighting and preferred place
to study (PPS) locations. The results showed that parameters of the most intense environmental places were
significantly higher or lower than PPS. Participants’ experiences of the most intense environmental places as
intensely high and low, compared to PPS, was generally mirrored by differences in measured environmental
parameters between the two sets of places. Findings show that, in this case, human sensors of environmental
conditions are reliable. The think-aloud method revealed that participants considered multiple environmental
parameters of PPS concurrently and made trade-offs that prioritised the studying task. Future studies might
consider integrating first-person reporting with building operation and maintenance functions to improve efficiency
without compromising occupants’ preferences, satisfaction and comfort.
environmental conditions for objective environmental condition assessment. This research was based on the
Integral Sustainable Design approach and included concurrent think-aloud method and environmental measurements
at participants indicated most intense temperature, air movement, sound, lighting and preferred place
to study (PPS) locations. The results showed that parameters of the most intense environmental places were
significantly higher or lower than PPS. Participants’ experiences of the most intense environmental places as
intensely high and low, compared to PPS, was generally mirrored by differences in measured environmental
parameters between the two sets of places. Findings show that, in this case, human sensors of environmental
conditions are reliable. The think-aloud method revealed that participants considered multiple environmental
parameters of PPS concurrently and made trade-offs that prioritised the studying task. Future studies might
consider integrating first-person reporting with building operation and maintenance functions to improve efficiency
without compromising occupants’ preferences, satisfaction and comfort.
Research Interests:
This paper aims to better understand the human inhabitation of buildings through an investigation of the influences of architectural order, indoor environmental as well as personal and cultural variables on student’s selection of a... more
This paper aims to better understand the human inhabitation of buildings through an investigation of the
influences of architectural order, indoor environmental as well as personal and cultural variables on student’s
selection of a preferred place to study. The approach for this interdisciplinary inquiry is based on
Integral Sustainable Design in combination with a simplified version of Integral Methodological Pluralism
using methodologies from the disciplines of architectural design, architectural science and psychology.
The results indicate that participant’s preferences emerged out of either personal or collective cultural narratives.
The integral approach was useful to identify collective preference patterns as well as deviations
from these and to understand why they occur. Important influences on participant’s selection of their preferred
place to study were spatial characteristics, in particular a balance of prospect and refuge as well as
individual past experiences, and the nature of the given task in this case study.
influences of architectural order, indoor environmental as well as personal and cultural variables on student’s
selection of a preferred place to study. The approach for this interdisciplinary inquiry is based on
Integral Sustainable Design in combination with a simplified version of Integral Methodological Pluralism
using methodologies from the disciplines of architectural design, architectural science and psychology.
The results indicate that participant’s preferences emerged out of either personal or collective cultural narratives.
The integral approach was useful to identify collective preference patterns as well as deviations
from these and to understand why they occur. Important influences on participant’s selection of their preferred
place to study were spatial characteristics, in particular a balance of prospect and refuge as well as
individual past experiences, and the nature of the given task in this case study.
Research Interests:
Research and Creative Achievement honors are bestowed to senior
faculty in recognition of excellence in research, scholarship, and creative
achievement.
faculty in recognition of excellence in research, scholarship, and creative
achievement.
Research Interests:
[2014] Profile article from UT Architecture web site. Discusses both teaching and research. By Kiki Roeder. Click on the link to view online.
Research Interests: Architecture, Ecological Design, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Education, Green architecture, and 8 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Carbon Neutral Design, and Zero Carbon Building
Recognizing Mark DeKay for the recent publication the third edition of Sun, Wind & Light, Architectural Design Strategies.
Recognizing Mark DeKay for the recent publication of his book Integral Sustainable Design, Transformative Perspectives.
[2010] Profile of Mark DeKay's research.
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE. Twice a year, the Office of the Provost will host Mic/Nite, a “Pecha-Kucha Powered” social gathering in order to enhance the intellectual, interdisciplinary, and cultural life of the faculty and staff at UT... more
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Twice a year, the Office of the Provost will host Mic/Nite, a “Pecha-Kucha Powered” social gathering in order to enhance the intellectual, interdisciplinary, and cultural life of the faculty and staff at UT Knoxville.
Design drives climate change; the form and space of buildings and cities have energy-use consequences leading to greenhouse gas emissions that affect the climate. Buildings use 70 percent of electricity and are responsible for about half of greenhouse gases. Architects and engineers nationally are committed to reversing climate change through better design. This presentation connects new research on knowledge structures for carbon-neutral design, an educational game for learning design strategies, and examples of student solutions. The combination of pre-industrial and high-tech design strategies are drawn from DeKay’s 800-page book, Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies (3rd edition), which includes scales from materials to neighborhoods. Yet, even these technical solutions are not enough to create change if people don’t care about nature. The presentation also includes five suggestions for connecting people to nature through design, drawn from his other book, Integral Sustainable Design: Transformative Perspectives.
Twice a year, the Office of the Provost will host Mic/Nite, a “Pecha-Kucha Powered” social gathering in order to enhance the intellectual, interdisciplinary, and cultural life of the faculty and staff at UT Knoxville.
Design drives climate change; the form and space of buildings and cities have energy-use consequences leading to greenhouse gas emissions that affect the climate. Buildings use 70 percent of electricity and are responsible for about half of greenhouse gases. Architects and engineers nationally are committed to reversing climate change through better design. This presentation connects new research on knowledge structures for carbon-neutral design, an educational game for learning design strategies, and examples of student solutions. The combination of pre-industrial and high-tech design strategies are drawn from DeKay’s 800-page book, Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies (3rd edition), which includes scales from materials to neighborhoods. Yet, even these technical solutions are not enough to create change if people don’t care about nature. The presentation also includes five suggestions for connecting people to nature through design, drawn from his other book, Integral Sustainable Design: Transformative Perspectives.
Research Interests: Climate Change, Knowledge sharing, Sustainable Building Design, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies, and 8 moreGreen architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Carbon Neutral Building, and Net Zero Energy Homes
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Interview of Mark DeKay by Marilyn Hamilton from Integral City 2.0 online conference. Click on the link to go to my iTunesU site where you can stream or download the audio file.
Interview of Mark DeKay by Marilyn Hamilton from Integral City 2.0 online conference. Click on the link to go to my iTunesU site where you can stream or download the audio file.
Research Interests: Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Green Infrastructure, Sustainable Development, and 20 moreUrban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Urban Studies, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Green Construction, Green Building, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ecological thinking, Green and Sustainability Practices, Integral Sustainable Development, Integral Ecology, and Environmental Philosophy and Ecological Thinking
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE..
Keynote address presented at Atmospheres Symposium, "Ecology and Design,"
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 2/2103
Keynote address presented at Atmospheres Symposium, "Ecology and Design,"
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 2/2103
Research Interests: Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, and 9 moreIntegral Studies, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Ecological thinking, Integral Design for Sustainability and Dignity, Integral Design, and Integral Architecture
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE. Marilyn Hamilton: Mark the way I'd like to set up the interview this morning is I was looking at your book, Integral Sustainable Design (IST), today and I wanted to actually share a quotation from the preface... more
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Marilyn Hamilton: Mark the way I'd like to set up the interview this morning is I was looking at your book, Integral Sustainable Design (IST), today and I wanted to actually share a quotation from the preface of the book that I think actually helped me to frame why I was so impressed with the way that you approached integral sustainable design. You said, " For me the value of looking at design through an integral lens is that it has allowed me to glimpse areas of expertise that others have developed more than I have, and finally to be able to honor them and include their valuable perspectives in my own work. As a result it has also opened my eyes to the fact that the perspectives that I have been steeped in for the last 25 years are also only partially true. Telling the whole story involves listening to and from others' perspectives-‐ their cultural, individual, ecological, as well as technical perspectives. Then each viewpoint takes its valuable and appropriate place in a wider perspective where nothing is missing. Rich human experiences, significant cultural meaning, high tech performance and true ecological sense all merge into something much richer, truer and ultimately more aesthetically pleasing. Welcome to the future of design. "
Marilyn Hamilton: Mark the way I'd like to set up the interview this morning is I was looking at your book, Integral Sustainable Design (IST), today and I wanted to actually share a quotation from the preface of the book that I think actually helped me to frame why I was so impressed with the way that you approached integral sustainable design. You said, " For me the value of looking at design through an integral lens is that it has allowed me to glimpse areas of expertise that others have developed more than I have, and finally to be able to honor them and include their valuable perspectives in my own work. As a result it has also opened my eyes to the fact that the perspectives that I have been steeped in for the last 25 years are also only partially true. Telling the whole story involves listening to and from others' perspectives-‐ their cultural, individual, ecological, as well as technical perspectives. Then each viewpoint takes its valuable and appropriate place in a wider perspective where nothing is missing. Rich human experiences, significant cultural meaning, high tech performance and true ecological sense all merge into something much richer, truer and ultimately more aesthetically pleasing. Welcome to the future of design. "
Research Interests: Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Green Infrastructure, Sustainable Development, and 22 moreUrban Planning, Sustainable Building Design, Urban Regeneration, Sustainable Urban Environments, Urban Studies, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Urban And Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Urban Design (Urban Studies), Integral Studies, Green Construction, Green Building, Urban Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Sustinability, Ecological thinking, Green and Sustainability Practices, and Environmental Philosophy and Ecological Thinking
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Interview of Mark DeKay by Ken Wilber on topic of the book, Integral Sustainable Design: transformative perspectives.
Interview of Mark DeKay by Ken Wilber on topic of the book, Integral Sustainable Design: transformative perspectives.
Research Interests: Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Green Infrastructure, and 20 moreSustainable Development, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Education, Sustainable Urban Environments, Architectural Theory, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Green Construction, Green Building, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Architectural Design, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Ecological thinking, Nature, Architecture,Design and Engineering, Green and Sustainability Practices, and Environmental Philosophy and Ecological Thinking
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Audio interview of Mark DeKay by Ken Wilber on the topic of the book, Integral Sustainable Design: transformative perspectives
Audio interview of Mark DeKay by Ken Wilber on the topic of the book, Integral Sustainable Design: transformative perspectives
Research Interests: Design, Architecture, Integral Theory, Ecological Design, Sustainable Development, and 15 moreSustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Green Construction, Green Building, Integral Ecology and Sustainability, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ecological Architecture, Ecological thinking, Environmental Philosophy and Ecological Thinking, and Integral Design
SEE VIDEO ON MY FRONT PAGE.
Short conference clip, 2010, early presentation, before the publication of Integral Sustainable Design
Short conference clip, 2010, early presentation, before the publication of Integral Sustainable Design
Research Interests: Integral Theory, Sustainable Building Design, Sustainable Urban Environments, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, and 8 moreSustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Integral Studies, Ken Wilber, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, and Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology
These files are too large for Academia.edu. Click on the YouTube link.
In North America, " Architecture 2030 " has established targets for reducing building fossil fuel use to zero by 2030, now called " zero net carbon " (ZNC). This paper introduces the Carbon Balance Index (CBI) as a simple metric that... more
In North America, " Architecture 2030 " has established targets for reducing building fossil fuel use to zero by 2030, now called " zero net carbon " (ZNC). This paper introduces the Carbon Balance Index (CBI) as a simple metric that allows performance comparison along a spectrum from typical buildings that depend entirely on fossil fuels to those that export energy, comparing a range of carbon performance. CBI assesses greenhouse gas production (as CO 2 equivalent) relative to a typical building's carbon use intensity (CUI), using EUI data categorized by climate and building type. CUI is equal to the building's EUI times a CO 2 e conversion factor/s based on fuel type/s used. CBI is defined as the designed building's net CUI divided by the CUI of a typical building, expressed as a percentage. The methods for calculating CUI benchmarks, the designed building's CUI and CBI are explained in simple terms. Building on earlier work on the Energy Balance Index (EBI), the CBI and EBI targets, curves and zero points are compared. Carbon-neutral buildings have CBI = 0. Positive CBI means some fossil fuels are used and carbon is produced, while negative CBI projects " consume " carbon by exporting excess energy and offsetting fossil grid energy.
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, and 10 moreGreen Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Climatic Design, ZERO CARBON ARCHITECTURE, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Carbon Neutral Building, Net Zero Energy Homes, Zero Carbon Building, and Sustainable Design and Architecture
Note: Conference presentation files, the paper, and Excel workbook are attached. The " Architecture 2030 " organization established targets for reducing fossil fuel use in new buildings to zero by 2030, providing a simple metric to... more
Note: Conference presentation files, the paper, and Excel workbook are attached.
The " Architecture 2030 " organization established targets for reducing fossil fuel use in new buildings to zero by 2030, providing a simple metric to compare energy performance relative to typical buildings. However, they do not provide metrics for site net-zero energy and plus-energy projects. This paper defines a metric that allows buildings to be compared on the same scale for both the 2030 Targets and performance beyond these, including plus-energy. The Energy Balance Index (EBI) assesses energy performance relative to a typical building's energy use intensity (EUI) based on climate and building type. EBI is defined as the inverse of the designed building's net site EUI divided by the EUI of a benchmark building, expressed as a percentage. Revealing what is obscured in the 2030 targets, the site EUI used accounts for both energy demand intensity (EDI) and on-site energy production intensity (EPI). The EBI scale is set at zero for site net-zero performance. Extensions are proposed for 2030 Targets, up to 2060, with trends for: 1) energy demand, 2) off-site renewables, 3) on-site renewables, and 4) renewable energy exported. This allows designers to have working schematic design phase targets for energy demand and production. Keywords: energy targets, energy balance index, energy use intensity, energy demand intensity, energy production intensity, Architecture 2030, site net-zero energy, plus-energy, net-positive energy, high-performance buildings
The " Architecture 2030 " organization established targets for reducing fossil fuel use in new buildings to zero by 2030, providing a simple metric to compare energy performance relative to typical buildings. However, they do not provide metrics for site net-zero energy and plus-energy projects. This paper defines a metric that allows buildings to be compared on the same scale for both the 2030 Targets and performance beyond these, including plus-energy. The Energy Balance Index (EBI) assesses energy performance relative to a typical building's energy use intensity (EUI) based on climate and building type. EBI is defined as the inverse of the designed building's net site EUI divided by the EUI of a benchmark building, expressed as a percentage. Revealing what is obscured in the 2030 targets, the site EUI used accounts for both energy demand intensity (EDI) and on-site energy production intensity (EPI). The EBI scale is set at zero for site net-zero performance. Extensions are proposed for 2030 Targets, up to 2060, with trends for: 1) energy demand, 2) off-site renewables, 3) on-site renewables, and 4) renewable energy exported. This allows designers to have working schematic design phase targets for energy demand and production. Keywords: energy targets, energy balance index, energy use intensity, energy demand intensity, energy production intensity, Architecture 2030, site net-zero energy, plus-energy, net-positive energy, high-performance buildings
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Production and Consumption, Renewable Energy, Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, and 19 moreEnvironmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Energy use and carbon reduction, Low Energy Buildngs, Energy Balance, Energy plus buildings, Low carbon buildings design, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), Carbon Neutral Building, Carbon Neutral Design, Net Zero Energy Homes, Carbon Neutral Architecture, Building Integrated Renewable Energy, Decomposition Anlaysis Energy Use Intensity, and Net Zero Energy Buildings and Sustainability
Research Interests:
A review of software for architectural design with energy.
Research Interests:
In this 1992 study, nine computerized design and analysis tools were compared for their capabilities at modeling cooling loads and seven different passive cooling strategies. Also, a test house was modeled using a rule-of-thumb method, a... more
In this 1992 study, nine computerized design and analysis tools were compared for their capabilities at modeling cooling loads and seven different passive cooling strategies. Also, a test house was modeled using a rule-of-thumb method, a detailed hand calculation method on a computerized spreadsheet, and a computerized hourly thermal network analysis model.
Research Interests: Renewable Energy, Passive Solar Architecture, Design Tools, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Passive Design, and 19 moreEvaporative Cooling, Passive Cooling, Natural ventilation, Energy Analysis, The role of solar thermal energy storage to reduce domestic heating demand, Thermal Energy Storage, Solar Energy and Thermal Energy Storage Systems, Natural ventilation in hot arid climates, Natural Ventilation Modelling of Building, Natural Ventilation of Terrace House, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Passive Design Strategies, Passive Solar Cooling Techniques, Cross Ventilation in Building Design in the Tropics, Wind-induced Natural Ventilation, Night Ventilation, Thermal Mass, and Stack ventilation
This paper reports on work in progress in 'Design for Energy Efficiency,' one of fifteen task areas of the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Energy Efficiency in Industrialized Housing research program. In this task, design studies... more
This paper reports on work in progress in 'Design for Energy Efficiency,' one of fifteen task areas of the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Energy Efficiency in Industrialized Housing research program. In this task, design studies establish performance goals for systems and technologies leading to energy efficient housing in the year 2030. Methods and results of work in progress are summarized, emphasizing areas where principles of design, engineering, and manufacturing have converged to realize program goals of energy performance, economy, and design quality.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Housing And Sustainability, Energy Efficiency Buildings, Housing, Housing and Dwelling (Architecture), and 10 moreGreen architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Construction, Green Building, Mass Housing Development, Offsite Manufactured Housing, Industrialized Building System, Industrialized Building Systems, and Manufactured Housing
This 1992 paper reports on work in progress in 'Design for Energy Efficiency,' one of fifteen task areas of the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Energy Efficient Industrialized Housing research program. In this task, design studies... more
This 1992 paper reports on work in progress in 'Design for Energy Efficiency,' one of fifteen task areas of the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Energy Efficient Industrialized Housing research program. In this task, design studies establish visions of energy efficient housing systems and technologies for the year 2030 from which shorter term research activities can be defined. One study for a 'Multifamily Concrete Panel House in a Hot-Arid Climate,' a primarily passive solar design, responds to trends anticipating demand for small, minimum cost multi-family houses in sun-belt suburbs, diversifying household composition, declining wood resources, advancing concrete technology, increasing site density, and competition for cooling energy. Task background and progress is presented with an emphasis on passive solar systems and goals.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Energy Efficiency Buildings, Concrete Technology, Green architecture, Energy Efficiency in buildings and cities, and 37 moreEnvironmental Sustainability, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Energy efficiency, Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Prefabrication, Future architecture and energy, Green Construction, Green Building, Green Technology, Building Technology, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy;, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Climatic Design, Passive Design, Architectural technology, sustainability, building enclosure design, Ventilation, Evaporative Cooling, Passive Cooling, Architectural technology, Natural ventilation, Prefabricated Architecture, Mixed Mode Ventilation, Precast concrete wall panels, Natural ventilation in hot arid climates, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Building Futures - How will buildings be designed in the future, Passive Solar Design, Mechanical Ventilation, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Emergent Design Strategies/Techniques in Architectural and Urban Design, Concrete structures, The Future of Architecture and Planning, Climatic Responsive Design, Passive Solar Cooling Techniques, Future Architecture, and Passive Cooling Systems for Hot-Arid Climate in Islamic Iranian Architecture
EXPLORING NEW TERRAINS:The Next Design School. Keynote lecture presented at the 2016 Architectural Education Forum, School of Architecture and Planning (SoAP) of the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Johannesburg, South Africa. Four... more
EXPLORING NEW TERRAINS:The Next Design School. Keynote lecture presented at the 2016 Architectural Education Forum, School of Architecture and Planning (SoAP) of the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Johannesburg, South Africa. Four fundamental perspectives on architectural education, postulating a design school of the future in its essential characteristic and questions. By the “Next Design School” I mean both the next level of development for particular schools and, just maybe, the next major viable paradigm for design education—not just iin Africa, but as a model. A radical innovation is proposed in each of the four domains. The Next School will be defined by distinctive innovations from the perspective of each of these fundamental terrains. The Next Design School is created not in theory or discussions alone, but in actions. I offer four representative collective actions,, one from each terrain:
• Solving the climate crisis by design requires that we educate every student to be able to design carbon-neutral buildings.
• Constructing a shared knowledge ecology integrates our collective research and design efforts to become interconnected and available, and one way to do that is via an open-source digital design strategies app.
• Cultivating a collaborative work culture means including what works from the traditional, modern and post-modern by enacting the four foundational ways of being together:
+ Acting with authenticity
+ Being cause in the matter of your concerns
+ Being committed to something bigger than yourself
+ Practicing integrity
• Developing the Inner Architect requires a developmental curriculum founded in practices that accelerate students’ development in consciousness along several lines of design intelligence.
• Solving the climate crisis by design requires that we educate every student to be able to design carbon-neutral buildings.
• Constructing a shared knowledge ecology integrates our collective research and design efforts to become interconnected and available, and one way to do that is via an open-source digital design strategies app.
• Cultivating a collaborative work culture means including what works from the traditional, modern and post-modern by enacting the four foundational ways of being together:
+ Acting with authenticity
+ Being cause in the matter of your concerns
+ Being committed to something bigger than yourself
+ Practicing integrity
• Developing the Inner Architect requires a developmental curriculum founded in practices that accelerate students’ development in consciousness along several lines of design intelligence.
Research Interests: Climate Change, Integral Theory, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Education, Sustainable Urban Environments, and 11 moreArchitectural Theory, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Educational Theory, South Africa, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Ken Wilber, Integral Theory, Humanistic Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, Intergral Philosophy, Contemporary South African Architecture, and Carbon Neutral Building
Curricular answers to the questions, "What is fundamental to design?" and 'What must be taught first now?" frame what students perceive as the core of their discipline and generate different student products and learning outcomes. The... more
Curricular answers to the questions, "What is fundamental to design?" and 'What must be taught first now?" frame what students perceive as the core of their discipline and generate different student products and learning outcomes. The meth-ods students learn in the beginning set in motion ways of work-ing that can be more—or less—easily built on by future courses and instructors.
This paper tells the story of experiments in beginning design education for 3.5-year Master of Architecture (March-3) stu-dents. We examined the aforementioned questions for these students without prior architectural education. In the fragment-ed post-modern theoretical landscape of architecture schools, having faculty members align on these questions allows pro-gressional logics. In the absence of a shared framework, stu-dents attempt to construct their own knowledge systems to integrate the multiple instructors' points of view. The essence of our work was to frame six essential lines of knowledge devel-opment in building the consciousness of an architect and to identify the fundamental level (1:) of knowledge and skills for each. By this we arrive at a low complexity, level 1 to level 1 correspondence among all six related and co-defining but irre-ducible knowledge lines—yielding beginnings that are in no way proto-architecture, but rather, buildings.
Developing complexity stands in stark contrast to a common pedagogy found in our school and (with variations) in many others, focused on: 1) A single spatial-formal line of develop-ment; 2) Pre-architectural abstract composition; and 3) An addi-tive process of sequentially increasing form-driving issues over long time periods. Instead, in starting our compressed graduate program, we found success in an integrated beginning studio curriculum, teaching students to design buildings, ad-dressing at a beginning level: 1) site and context, 2) program and use, 3) form and space, 4) human experience and feeling, 5) architectural ideas and meaning, and 6) building technology. Beginning design becomes a curriculum of multiple relation-ships at 1:1, that is, among the first level of each line.
This paper tells the story of experiments in beginning design education for 3.5-year Master of Architecture (March-3) stu-dents. We examined the aforementioned questions for these students without prior architectural education. In the fragment-ed post-modern theoretical landscape of architecture schools, having faculty members align on these questions allows pro-gressional logics. In the absence of a shared framework, stu-dents attempt to construct their own knowledge systems to integrate the multiple instructors' points of view. The essence of our work was to frame six essential lines of knowledge devel-opment in building the consciousness of an architect and to identify the fundamental level (1:) of knowledge and skills for each. By this we arrive at a low complexity, level 1 to level 1 correspondence among all six related and co-defining but irre-ducible knowledge lines—yielding beginnings that are in no way proto-architecture, but rather, buildings.
Developing complexity stands in stark contrast to a common pedagogy found in our school and (with variations) in many others, focused on: 1) A single spatial-formal line of develop-ment; 2) Pre-architectural abstract composition; and 3) An addi-tive process of sequentially increasing form-driving issues over long time periods. Instead, in starting our compressed graduate program, we found success in an integrated beginning studio curriculum, teaching students to design buildings, ad-dressing at a beginning level: 1) site and context, 2) program and use, 3) form and space, 4) human experience and feeling, 5) architectural ideas and meaning, and 6) building technology. Beginning design becomes a curriculum of multiple relation-ships at 1:1, that is, among the first level of each line.
Research Interests: Design education, Higher Education, Architectural Education, Landscape Architectural Education, Architectural Design Pedagogy, and 10 moreArchitecture Education, First Year Architectural Education, Enhancing Architecture Education, Beginning Design, architectural education in USA, First year design and architectural education, Architectural Design Education, Architectural Pedagogy, I very interested in Architecture as I am a first year., and Architectural Education- Issues In Teaching Architectural Design
1993. A published paper synopsis. Abstract: Induction to the architecture profession is based on extrinsic control. Like the heroic journey, it should be based on intrinsic seeking. Implications exist for the emerging ecological crisis.... more
1993. A published paper synopsis. Abstract: Induction to the architecture profession is based on extrinsic control. Like the heroic journey, it should be based on intrinsic seeking. Implications exist for the emerging ecological crisis. We propose that the student is most truly initiated to the profession of architecture by passing through a journey of selfdiscovery and self-initiation. Many of the problems of modern society, including the ecological crisis, are caused, in large part, by educated people. Education is part of the problem. As a cultural act, education can act to repair, to heal, to restore, co affirm, to integrate, and to elevate the individual. Respect for nature begins wi ch respect for the nature of self.
Research Interests:
The purpose of the Bundle-Up! game is to make learning climatic design strategies and their complex interrelationships fun and easy. The project uses the concept of Bundles developed in the research project, “A New Knowledge Structure... more
The purpose of the Bundle-Up! game is to make learning climatic design strategies and their complex
interrelationships fun and easy. The project uses the concept of Bundles developed in the research
project, “A New Knowledge Structure for Net-Zero Design.” The idea of design strategy bundles is to
resolve conflicts and tensions among strategies by proposing related sets of design strategies that
address recurring problems designers face. A Bundle identifies several discreet design ideas that apply
in a particular situation across three scales. The game outlines a set of rules for users to create their
own bundles specific to a particular project. Bundle-Up! is used with a set of instructions like a typical
board game. It is designed to use design strategies from the book Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition. There
is no one right solution, but some answers are better than others, and solutions that follow the rules are
all acceptable. Bundle-Up! can be played by one person or several in collaboration. The game pieces
(more than 100) each represent a climatic design strategy, each with a unique graphic and other
identifying features and descriptions. A prototype was tested with peer teachers and feedback was very
positive. The Bundle-Up! game has since been tested in fifth-year B. Arch design studios and with
second-year technology course students. Feedback has helped refine the game and its instructions,
along with the curricular exercises that accompany it.
Keywords: passive design, design process, knowledge structure, education, design strategies
interrelationships fun and easy. The project uses the concept of Bundles developed in the research
project, “A New Knowledge Structure for Net-Zero Design.” The idea of design strategy bundles is to
resolve conflicts and tensions among strategies by proposing related sets of design strategies that
address recurring problems designers face. A Bundle identifies several discreet design ideas that apply
in a particular situation across three scales. The game outlines a set of rules for users to create their
own bundles specific to a particular project. Bundle-Up! is used with a set of instructions like a typical
board game. It is designed to use design strategies from the book Sun, Wind & Light, 3rd edition. There
is no one right solution, but some answers are better than others, and solutions that follow the rules are
all acceptable. Bundle-Up! can be played by one person or several in collaboration. The game pieces
(more than 100) each represent a climatic design strategy, each with a unique graphic and other
identifying features and descriptions. A prototype was tested with peer teachers and feedback was very
positive. The Bundle-Up! game has since been tested in fifth-year B. Arch design studios and with
second-year technology course students. Feedback has helped refine the game and its instructions,
along with the curricular exercises that accompany it.
Keywords: passive design, design process, knowledge structure, education, design strategies
Research Interests: Architecture, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Education, Design Process (Architecture), Sustainable Urban Environments, and 13 moreGreen architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Green Building, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Passive Cooling, Architectural Design process and Simuation, Architectural Education, A Knowledge-Based System Assisted Architectural Application, Intelligent Buildings, Sustainable Design, Green Eco-Building, Daylighting, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Passive Design Strategies, and Carbon Neutral Building
A study of ecology in design education. A curriculum competition. Mark DeKay and Ted Shelton from the University of Tennessee won the top award.
Research Interests:
This paper outlines an approach to learning architectural designing with energy in the context of lecture courses on environmental controls and similar topics. The approach investigated helps students to learn about energy while learning... more
This paper outlines an approach to learning architectural designing with energy in the context of lecture courses on environmental controls and similar topics. The approach investigated helps students to learn about energy while learning to design buildings. Designed for incorporation into existing lecture courses, a set of linked, weekly exercises teach energy simulation within the context of the richness that can only be engaged in the fullness of whole building design. Accessible computer simulation methods are constructed as an access point into beginning perceptions of complexity, as a characteristic of living systems in which form is always linked to process. In the exercises, a schematic design developed in a design studio class, or a case study building , is evaluated for its performance using Energy Scheming. Using feedback about the building's patterns of energy use, students then redesign the building, alternating between proposing new solutions and testing them, until the design meets performance targets set by the student. A method for comparing the performance of the student's design to that of a building specified by energy codes is also offered. Designed for instructors that wish to allow students to work with the building and site of their choice, a web database of climate information is available, along with the exercises and a fully worked example project.
Research Interests: Curriculum Design, Architectural Education, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Curriculum Development, and 15 moreSustainable Architecture, Passive Solar Architecture, Sustainable Design, Energy efficiency, Curriculum and Instruction, Curriculum, Green Building, Architectural Design, Daylighting, Architectural Design, Architectural Design process and Simuation, Architectural Education, A Knowledge-Based System Assisted Architectural Application, Intelligent Buildings, Sustainable Design, Green Eco-Building, Natural ventilation, Design with climate, Natural ventilation as a passive cooling strategy, Curriculum and Pedagogy, and Curricuum
This paper describes the educational goals, teaching strategies, and results of a graduate architecture course, " Environment and Buildings I, " taught at Washington University in St., Louis, MO. It is presented as the first step in a... more
This paper describes the educational goals, teaching strategies, and results of a graduate architecture course, " Environment and Buildings I, " taught at Washington University in St., Louis, MO. It is presented as the first step in a series of evolutions of the school's technical curriculum, evolutions that seek to significantly integrate energy, environmental, social, and aesthetic issues in the education of architects. The course introduces the theory of an ecological approach to architecture and covers the schematic design of buildings for heating, cooling, lighting, and water. The intention is for students to learn to design responsible and beautiful places that sail elegantly into the twenty-second century on available renewable energy. Lectures and projects are organized to parallel the design process, with emphasis on the architectural implications of technological systems. Where possible, students' design studio projects are used as the vehicle for class assignments.
Research Interests: Curriculum Design, Design education, Sustainable Building Design, Architectural Education, Curriculum Theory, and 11 moreGreen architecture, Curriculum Development, Sustainable Architecture, Curriculum and Instruction, Curriculum, Green Building, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Architectural technology, sustainability, building enclosure design, Architectural Design Pedagogy, Architectural technology, and Curriculum and Pedagogy
Design education is built on a combination of historical models that have little to do with ecological design or contemporary understandings of whole systems. In order to educate designers for ecologically and socially responsible... more
Design education is built on a combination of historical models that have little to do with ecological design or contemporary understandings of whole systems. In order to educate designers for ecologically and socially responsible practice, design schools will need to be radically redesigned in their structure, content, and methods. This paper uses a model from the natural sciences, Systems Theory, as a potential model for a foundational framework of design education. Basic tenets of systems thinking are outlined, along with principles of ecosystem function and organization. A series of fifteen suggested shifts in design education, eight as implications of ecosystem principles and seven derived from principles of ecosystem organization, are proposed.
Research Interests: Curriculum Design, Design education, Sustainable agriculture, Ecological Design, Ecological Literacy, and 12 moreArchitectural Education, Systems Theory, Curriculum Theory, Architectural Theory, Curriculum Development, Sustainable Architecture, Sustainable Design, Curriculum and Instruction, Curriculum, General Systems Theory, Ecologically Sustainable Design, and Living systems theory
Architects, educators, and students recognize the environmental impacts of buildings, but architectural education has repeatedly failed to graduate students who can design buildings that reduce these environmental impacts. Design... more
Architects, educators, and students recognize the environmental impacts of buildings, but architectural education has repeatedly failed to graduate students who can design buildings that reduce these environmental impacts. Design education has so far been incapable of addressing problems associated with the environmental crisis: 1) technical incompetence of graduates; 2)ecological illiteracy of graduates; 3) deep cultural divisions in schools between design and technical perspectives. This paper proposes that the causes of this failure are a combination of content, structural and methodological problems with current curricula. These include: 1) predominant use of a mechanistic paradigm; 2) disconnection of technology from design; 3) narrow reliance on scientific and analytic methods. The paper outlines an evolutionary method of understanding necessary shifts, proposing content, structural and methodological evolutions across three levels of perception: rational, mythological and evolutionary.
Research Interests: Curriculum Design, Design education, Higher Education, Construction Technology, Systems Thinking, and 8 moreArchitectural Education, Curriculum Theory, Curriculum Development, Curriculum and Instruction, Architectural technology, Emergent Design Strategies/Techniques in Architectural and Urban Design, Curriculum and Pedagogy, and Architectural Theory and Design
New thinking and new settlement patterns can create a city in harmony with nature. Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged... more
New thinking and new settlement patterns can create a city in harmony with nature.
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative patterns, and proposing innovative solutions for an ecologically healthy downtown. The objective was to find practical ways for natural systems and urban development to reinforce each other.
We make six main recommendations that are necessary to fully take advantage of our integrated approach.
1 An Integral Development Framework
2 A Green Infrastructure Network
3 An Integrated Water Network
4 A Green Neighborhoods Program
5 A Green Buildings Program
6 A Green Policy Framework
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative patterns, and proposing innovative solutions for an ecologically healthy downtown. The objective was to find practical ways for natural systems and urban development to reinforce each other.
We make six main recommendations that are necessary to fully take advantage of our integrated approach.
1 An Integral Development Framework
2 A Green Infrastructure Network
3 An Integrated Water Network
4 A Green Neighborhoods Program
5 A Green Buildings Program
6 A Green Policy Framework
Research Interests: Ecological Design, Green Infrastructure, Sustainable Development, Environmental Planning and Design, Urban Planning, and 33 moreSustainable Urbanism, Sustainable Urban Environments, Bioclimatic Architecture, Bioclimatic Urban Design, Sustainable Water Resources Management, Green architecture, Environmental Planning, Environmental Sustainability, Pedestrian Walkability (Architecture and public spaces), Sustainable Architecture, Neighborhood Design (Architecture), Green Building, City planning, Greenways, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Urban Parks, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, Sustainable Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Design, Climatic Design, Urban Climate, Park and Recreation Planning, Pedestrian Movement, Green Neighborhoods, sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), Green Infrastructure Impacts on Water Quality and Flooding, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Ecological Planning, Green Infrastructure & Transportation, Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, Urban Built Form Patterns and Climate, and Landscape Ecological Planning
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative... more
Our team was asked by the Chattanooga Downtown Planning and Design Studio to study how the downtown plan could be environmentally sound. We were charged with articulating the issues, framing the problems, looking for larger integrative patterns, and proposing innovative solutions related to the ecological health of the downtown Chattanooga study area. The city has set a challenging objective for its 2003 Downtown Plan: Find practical ways for natural systems and urban development to reinforce each other, so that the way of life, economy, and ecology of the community are all healthy for generations to come.
Recommendations: 1. AN INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK that integrates planning, building, and new codes;
2. A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK that strengthens the city's natural life support system;
3. AN INTEGRATED WATER NETWORK that organizes our water systems like a natural water cycle;
4. A GREEN NEIGHBORHOODS PROGRAM that regenerates city neighborhoods for sustainable development;
5. A GREEN BUILDINGS PROGRAM that incentivizes high performance, 21st century architecture;
6. A GREEN POLICY FRAMEWORK that removes barriers to and guides decisions about green development.
Recommendations: 1. AN INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK that integrates planning, building, and new codes;
2. A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK that strengthens the city's natural life support system;
3. AN INTEGRATED WATER NETWORK that organizes our water systems like a natural water cycle;
4. A GREEN NEIGHBORHOODS PROGRAM that regenerates city neighborhoods for sustainable development;
5. A GREEN BUILDINGS PROGRAM that incentivizes high performance, 21st century architecture;
6. A GREEN POLICY FRAMEWORK that removes barriers to and guides decisions about green development.
Research Interests: Green Infrastructure, Sustainable Development, Urban Planning, Sustainable Urban Environments, Green urbanism (Architecture), and 20 moreUrban Open Space Design, Green architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Pedestrian Walkability (Architecture and public spaces), Sustainable Architecture, Green Building, Greenways, Urban Design, Urban Public Open Space, Sustainable Urban Planning, Urban Water Management, Pedestrian Movement, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, Urban Green Open Spaces, Climatic Design of Buildings in Different Climatic Zones, Ecological Planning, How to Mitigate Urban Flooding, Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, Urban Built Form Patterns and Climate, and Landscape Ecological Planning
New thinking and new settlement patterns can provide for development, stewardship, and rich community. A study of conservation and development in the Beaver Creek Watershed, a suburban fringe, high-growth sector of Knox County, Tennessee.... more
New thinking and new settlement patterns can provide for development, stewardship, and rich community. A study of conservation and development in the Beaver Creek Watershed, a suburban fringe, high-growth sector of Knox County, Tennessee. The GreenVision Studio was contracted by the Beaver Creek Task Force in part because Knox County is classified by the EPA as a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) “Phase II” stormwater community (successor program to the Clean Water Act), which requires plans to be developed to address surface water pollution. This plan grew out of our consideration of water issues in their conservation and development context. Specific recommendations include:
• HERITAGE PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• WATER FEATURE BUFFERS
• GROUNDWATER PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• STREAM PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• RIDGE PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• FRAMEWORK OF OPEN SPACE
• LAND STEWARDSHIP NETWORK
• SPECTRUM OF CONSERVATION LAND
• A CONSTELLATION OF CENTERS
• A TAPESTRY OF NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES
• CONSERVATION NEIGHBORHOODS
• FAMILY OF PARKS
• SOFT TRANSIT NET
• CONSERVATION EASEMENTS
• HERITAGE PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• WATER FEATURE BUFFERS
• GROUNDWATER PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• STREAM PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• RIDGE PROTECTION CORRIDORS
• FRAMEWORK OF OPEN SPACE
• LAND STEWARDSHIP NETWORK
• SPECTRUM OF CONSERVATION LAND
• A CONSTELLATION OF CENTERS
• A TAPESTRY OF NEIGHBORHOOD TYPES
• CONSERVATION NEIGHBORHOODS
• FAMILY OF PARKS
• SOFT TRANSIT NET
• CONSERVATION EASEMENTS
Research Interests: Green Infrastructure, Heritage Conservation, Stream ecology, Green urbanism (Architecture), Slope Stability, and 16 morePedestrian Walkability (Architecture and public spaces), Urban Wildlife, Habitat Mapping, Greenways, Soil & Conservation and Management, Rural resource Planning, Consumptive use of saline and good quality water, Pedestrian Movement, Green Infrastructure Impacts on Water Quality and Flooding, Urban Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Integrity, Urban Green Open Spaces, Sustainable Urban Habitats, Green Infrastructure in Urban Design, Ecological Planning, Stream Ecology, Watershed Asessment & Planning, Macroinvertebrates as Water Quality Incicators, Green Infrastructure & Transportation, Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, and Landscape Ecological Planning
This paper defines the Energy Balance Index (EBI) as a method to compare buildings with a range of performance, covering those that use fossil fuels, carbon-neutral buildings, site-net-zero performance, and plus-energy projects that... more
This paper defines the Energy Balance Index (EBI) as a method to compare buildings with a range of performance, covering those that use fossil fuels, carbon-neutral buildings, site-net-zero performance, and plus-energy projects that produce more energy than they consume. The EBI assesses energy performance relative to a typical building’s energy use intensity (EUI) using data categorized by climate and building type. EBI is defined as the inverse of the designed building’s net site EUI divided by the EUI of a benchmark building, expressed as a percentage. EUI is defined as the difference between a building’s energy demand intensity (EDI) and its on-site energy production intensity (EPI). Site net-zero energy buildings have an EBI = 0. A negative EBI means net energy is imported to the site, while a positive EBI project exports net energy from the site. In the US the non-profit organization called “Architecture 2030” has established targets for reducing fossil fuel use in buildings to zero by 2030. These targets have been adopted by many professional organizations in the building community and by many clients and governments. The Architecture 2030 targets are especially useful in providing a simple challenge metric to compare building energy performance relative to typical buildings. However, they stop short of providing metrics for site net-zero energy projects and net-positive energy (plus-energy) projects. The Energy Balance Index allows the relative comparison of different performance levels among plus-energy buildings. The paper also proposes extensions of the five-year increment targets of the Architecture 2030’s challenge, up to the year 2060, for buildings’ EBI, with suggested trends for: 1) energy demand rates, 2) off-site imported renewable energy, 3) on-site produced renewable energy levels, and 4) excess on-site renewable energy that can be exported from the site.
Research Interests: Sustainable Building Design, Green architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Green Architecture and Environmental Design, High Performance Buildings, and 6 moreEnergy plus buildings, Sustainable Design Green Buildings, Net Zero Energy Buildings, Carbon Neutral Building, Carbon Neutral Design, and Net Zero Energy Homes
Title: (200 characters max) THE INTEGRAL LENS: Exploring a Multi-Perspectival Approach to Architectural Photography Brief Abstract: (100-300 characters) An integrally-informed examination of architectural photography's many variations,... more
Title: (200 characters max) THE INTEGRAL LENS: Exploring a Multi-Perspectival Approach to Architectural Photography Brief Abstract: (100-300 characters) An integrally-informed examination of architectural photography's many variations, including fundamental perspectives of the eye, view, frame, and practice—considered with photographic examples across worldviews from traditional to integral, manifested in types from documentary to fine art. Long Abstract: (500-1000 characters) In this paper, we explore an integrally-informed, Wilber-influenced approach to architectural photography's many variations. Using historical examples, we examine four fundamental perspectives (quadrants) of the eye (UL), view (LL), frame (UR), and practice (LR). Each quadratic perspective is unpacked for four domains: the photographer, making of the photograph, the photograph itself, and viewing the photograph. We consider the development of architectural photography using examples across worldviews from traditional, modern, postmodern and integral. Levels and Quadrants are intersected to reveal 16 prospects and the concerns of each. We define types in different quadrants, focusing mostly on the distinctions of documentary, editorial, and fine art forms. These various elements are combined in different ways to explain major movements and schools, illustrated with examples. We conclude with defining integrally-informed architectural photography with examples.
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The primary investigation of this paper is: How does one design to place people into rich and significant relationships with Nature? Architecture is a powerful mediator of the relationship between humans and Nature that we inhabit all the... more
The primary investigation of this paper is: How does one design to place people into rich and significant relationships with Nature? Architecture is a powerful mediator of the relationship between humans and Nature that we inhabit all the time. To have people act for Nature, they must care for it. To care for it, people first have to have a relationship with Nature, which requires experiences of Nature––via architecture. However, contemporary sustainable design in the US takes a particular prospect on Nature dominated by performance assessment, a valid but limited approach that leaves out ecological pattern, human experiences, and the cultural meaning of " connecting to Nature. " In doing so, it fails to communicate with most of its non-scientific audience and thus disempowers its mission. The most common contemporary interpretation of sustainable design is that it is defined by its technologies, that changing technologies will lessen architecture's impact on Nature. Further, that technology is most often defined as energy technology and measured in terms of energy performance. The two most prevalent examples are the preponderance of points in the LEED building rating system given to energy over all other categories and the focus on operating energy of the " 2030 Targets " for fossil fuel reduction adopted by more than half of large firms. Untangling the stories driving energy use and technology in buildings across generations helps us understand the stories that drive " design with Nature. " This article engages important, timeless questions from the cultural perspective: How shall we design to relate people to Nature, particularly with respect to energy? What is our understanding of this particular 'Nature' to which we want to connect and relate via design? What are our cultural stories and narratives that explain Nature and energy to us? The article explores different ideas of what people think Nature and energy are and their concomitant intentions for designing relationships to Nature. Each primary view gives rise to a variety of metaphors in language that describe its understanding. These design metaphors are powerful tools for generating design solutions and for organizing the many smaller ideas contained in any design project. Each primary view tells a different story about energy and natural resources. Stories have many manifestations in architecture. Metaphor is a typical language device used to communicate design ideas and is the basis of most architectural narratives. Narratives in design are a kind of myth, which is an explaining story. Architects tell stories to themselves as part of the design process. This is, as post-modernism would tell us, a manifestation, often unconscious, of a nearly invisible background cultural context operating both in a larger wave and in the smaller cultural circles of design. Because architects see themselves as creative, they also reshape or reinvent at times the narratives they operate within. Each building has, to differing degrees, a creation story. Further, architects can read narratives and extract meaning from the stories embedded in the symbolic language of built works from different times and cultures. They use this symbolic, metaphorical language of architecture to further embed new stories and variations in the work.
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New thinking and new settlement patterns can bring about urban sustainability. ... BY MARK DEKAY AND MICHEAL O'BRIEN ... Green City Consciousness To correct the ecological damage caused by today's gray city, we first... more
New thinking and new settlement patterns can bring about urban sustainability. ... BY MARK DEKAY AND MICHEAL O'BRIEN ... Green City Consciousness To correct the ecological damage caused by today's gray city, we first have to shift our perceptions. It is impossible to get us ...
