How does The Audio Stuff score audio gear?
Every review carries one score from 0 to 10 and a verdict, and each verdict has its own score band: Reference 9.2-10.0, Highly Recommended 8.2-9.1, Recommended 7.0-8.1, Mixed 5.5-6.9, Pass 0.0-5.4. The bands do not overlap, so a score names one tier. The single exception is a score exactly on a tier's floor (9.2, 8.2, 7.0 or 5.5): that makes a product eligible for the tier, and the verdict may hold it one tier lower where price, competition or reliability argue against the higher one. A score is one writer's overall judgment after weeks of listening, set against the rest of its category; the five published rubric weights guide it and do not compute it. The full method, and how a changed score is recorded, is on the About page.
What does 'Reference' mean in the verdict scale?
Reference is the top verdict, for scores of 9.2 and up: a product that sets the standard in its class, and rare by design. It does not mean the product suits everyone - price, taste and the rest of your system still decide that. It is also a different thing from the test chain, the gear every review is compared on: a piece is in the chain because it stays the same from one review to the next, and three of its six pieces score below 9.2.
What audio gear brands does The Audio Stuff cover?
Gear from 34 brands so far, most of all HIFIMAN, SMSL, Sivga, Taga Harmony, Denafrips, Kiwi Ears, Melodika and Monosaudio; the brands page lists the other 26 with their reviews. Category, merit and reader requests decide what gets reviewed next; brand relationships do not.
Do reviews use measurements or just listening tests?
Listening. Every review is sighted listening over weeks on the fixed chain its category is compared on, with levels set by ear, and none is a blind test. Nothing is bench-measured in-house: the impedance, sensitivity, power and noise figures a review quotes are the maker's published specifications, corrected on the review when the maker's own page says otherwise. That puts the large differences a review describes, such as a headphone's tonal balance, on firmer ground than the small ones, such as what a cable changes. The how-we-test page sets out what a score can and cannot tell you.