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David Ben-Gurion

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David Ben-Gurion
דָּוִד בֶּן־גּוּרִיּוֹן‎
BERJAYA
Ben-Gurion maya taun 1960
Menteri Besai Israel
Megai pengawa
3 Nobember 1955 – 26 Jun 1963
Presiden
DiduluMoshe Sharett
DigantiLevi Eshkol
Megai pengawa
17 Me 1948 – 7 Disember 1953
Presiden
DiduluPengawa baru
DigantiMoshe Sharett
Megai pengawa
14 Me 1948 – 16 Me 1948
DiduluPengawa baru
DigantiChaim Weizmann
Menteri Pengetan
Megai pengawa
21 Februari 1955 – 26 Jun 1963
DiduluPinhas Lavon
DigantiLevi Eshkol
Megai pengawa
14 Me 1948 – 26 Januari 1954
DiduluPengawa baru
DigantiPinhas Lavon
Penerang diri
Ada
David Grün

(1886-10-16)16 Oktober 1886
Płońsk, Kongres Poland, Empayar Rusia
Midang1 Disember 1973(1973-12-01) (umur 87)
Ramat Gan, Israel
PendamTaman Nasional Pendam Ben-Gurion
Peranak
Parti politik
KalingPaula Munweis (j. 1917; m. 1968)
Anak3
Alma materDar ul-Funun
SainBERJAYA

David Ben-Gurion (Hebrew: דָּוִד בֶּן־גּוּרִיּוֹן [daˈvid ben ɡuʁˈjon] ⓘ ; nama asal David Grün; 16 Oktober 1886 – 1 Disember 1973) nyadi pemungkal nasional keterubah enggau menteri besai keterubah Menua Israel. Nyadi tuai Ejensi Orang Judah ari taun 1935, lalu udah nya nyadi presiden Eksekutif Ejensi Orang Judah, iya nyadi ketuai de facto komuniti Yahudi di Palestin, lalu mayuh nguluka pengawa ngulihka menua Orang Judah ke meredeka di Palestin Bemandat.

Diada di Płońsk, maya nya sebagi ari Kongres Poland, ari apai indai orang Judah Poland, iya pindah ngagai pelilih menua Palestin Empayar Ottoman dalam taun 1906. Ngena nama Ben-Gurion dalam taun 1909, iya angkat nyadi ketuai ke tebilang dalam komuniti orang Judah di menua Palestin Bemandat ke dipegai British kenyau taun 1935 nyentuk ke penumbuh Menua Israel dalam taun 1948, ti betuaika iya nyentuk ngagai taun 1963 enggau bisi ngetu enda lama dalam taun 1954–55. Pengerindu Ben-Gurion ngagai Zionisme mansang ba pun pengidup iya, ngujungka iya nyadi ketuai Zionis ti besai, sereta nyadi tuai eksekutif Gerempung Zionis Sedunya dalam taun 1946.[1]

Kena 14 Me 1948, iya enggau rasmi madahka penumbuh Israel, lalu nyadi orang keterubah nyain Penesau Meredeka Israel, ke udah dibantu iya nulis. Di baruh iring Ben-Gurion, Perang Arab–Israel 1948 ngujungka penyerakup mayuh macham militia Judah nyadi Raban Pengetan Israel (IDF), pemenang Israel atas Liga Arab, enggau pengawa muru sereta ngelarika diri majoriti peranak Arab Palestin. Udah nya, iya dikelala enggau nama " apai pemungkal Israel ".[2] Pengudah perang nya, Ben-Gurion nyadi menteri besai keterubah Israel enggau menteri pengetan. Sekumbang nyadi menteri besai, iya mantu ngaga institusyen menua, nyadi tuai ba projek nasional ti betuju ngemansangka menua. Iya mega ngemataka pengawa nyerap orang Judah ke datai ari menua bukai. Sebagi besai ari polisi luar iya nya ngemanahka kaul enggau Jereman Barat nengah sempekat ganti rugi nyadika pampas ketegal Nazi ngerampas reta tengkira orang Judah maya Holokus.[3]

Dalam taun 1954, iya badu nyadi menteri besai enggau menteri pengetan tang mengkang nyadi kaban Knesset. Iya pulai nyadi menteri pengetan dalam taun 1955 sepengudah Pekara Lavon enggau pengawa ngelengka pangku pengawa Pinhas Lavon. Udah nya ba taun nya iya nyadi menteri besai baru, berindik ari pengawa bepilih taun 1955. Iya nyukung operasyen malas Israel ngagai serang gerila Arab enggau pengawa nyerang iya ngagai Ejip, begulai enggau Britain enggau Peranchis, maya Krisis Suez dalam taun 1956. Iya badu mangku pengawa dalam taun 1963, lalu pinchin ari pengidup politik dalam taun 1970. Ke alai iya udah nya pindah ngagai "langkau" iya ti sedang di Sde Boker. nyentuk ngagai pemati iya. Pengudah iya mati, Ben-Gurion dipilih nyadi siku ari 100 iku orang ke pemadu beguna ba abad ke-20 ba majalah Time.

Kereban sanding

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  1. ↑ Brenner, Michael; Frisch, Shelley (April 2003). Zionism: A Brief History. Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 184.
  2. ↑ "1973: Israel's founding father dies". BBC. 1 December 1973. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  3. ↑ George Lavy, Germany and Israel: moral debt and national interest (1996) p. 45

Bacha ke silik agi

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  • Aronson, Shlomo. "Leadership, preventive war and territorial expansion: David Ben-Gurion and Levi Eshkol." Israel Affairs 18.4 (2012): 526–545.
  • Aronson, Shlomo. "David Ben-Gurion and the British Constitutional Model." Israel Studies 3.2 (1998): 193–214. online
  • Aronson, Shlomo. "David Ben-Gurion, Levi Eshkol and the Struggle over Dimona: A Prologue to the Six-Day War and its (Un) Anticipated Results." Israel Affairs 15.2 (2009): 114–134.
  • Aronson, Shlomo (2011). David Ben-Gurion and the Jewish Renaissance. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-19748-9..
  • Cohen, Mitchell. "Zion and State: Nation, Class and the Shaping of Modern Israel" (Columbia University Press, 1987)
  • Eldar, Eran. "David Ben-Gurion and Golda Meir: from partnership to enmity" Templat:Registration required. Israel Affairs 26.2 (2020): 174–182.
  • Friling, Tuvia, and Ora Cummings. Arrows in the Dark: David Ben-Gurion, the Yishuv Leadership, and Rescue Attempts during the Holocaust (2 vol.; University of Wisconsin Press, 2005).
  • Gal, Allon. David Ben-Gurion and the American Alignment for a Jewish State (Indiana UP, 1991).
  • Getzoff, Joseph F. "Zionist frontiers: David Ben-Gurion, labor Zionism, and transnational circulations of settler development." Settler Colonial Studies 10.1 (2020): 74–93.
  • Kedar, Nir. David Ben-Gurion and the Foundation of Israeli Democracy (Indiana UP, 2021).
  • Oren, Michael B. "Ambivalent Adversaries: David Ben-Gurion and Israel vs. the United Nations and Dag Hammarskjold, 1956–57." Journal of Contemporary History 27.1 (1992): 89–127.
  • Pappe, Ilan. "Moshe Sharett, David Ben‐Gurion and the 'Palestinian option,' 1948–1956." Studies in Zionism 7.1 (1986): 77–96.
  • Peres, Shimon. Ben-Gurion (Schocken Pub., 2011) ISBN 978-0-8052-4282-9.
  • Reynold, Nick. The War of the Zionist Giants: David Ben-Gurion and Chaim Weizmann (Rowman & Littlefield, 2018).
  • Rosenberg-Friedman, Lilach. "David Ben-Gurion and the 'Demographic Threat': His Dualistic Approach to Natalism, 1936–63." Middle Eastern Studies 51.5 (2015): 742–766.
  • Sachar, Howard Morley. A history of Israel: From the rise of Zionism to our time (Knopf, 2007).
  • St. John, Robert William. Builder of Israel; the story of Ben-Gurion, (Doubleday, 1961) online
  • Segev, Tom. A State at Any Cost: The Life of David Ben-Gurion (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019) Finalist for 2019 National Jewish Book Award.
    • Shatz, Adam, "We Are Conquerors" (review of Tom Segev, A State at Any Cost: The Life of David Ben-Gurion, Head of Zeus, 2019, 804 pp., ISBN 978 1 78954 462 6), London Review of Books, vol. 41, no. 20 (24 October 2019), pp. 37–38, 40–42. "Segev's biography... shows how central exclusionary nationalism, war and racism were to Ben-Gurion's vision of the Jewish homeland in Palestine, and how contemptuous he was not only of the Arabs but of Jewish life outside Zion. Liberal Jews may look at the state that Ben-Gurion built, and ask if the cost has been worth it." (p. 42 of Shatz's review.)
  • Teveth, Shabtai (1985). Ben-Gurion and the Palestinian Arabs: from peace to war. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503562-9.
  • Teveth, Shabtai (1996). Ben-Gurion and the Holocaust. Harcourt Brace & Co. ISBN 978-0-15-100237-5.
  • Teveth, Shabtai (1997). The Burning Ground. A biography of David Ben-Gurion. Schoken, Tel Aviv.
  • Shapira, Anita. Ben-Gurion (Yale UP, 2014).
  • Shiff, Ofer. "Abba Hillel Silver and David Ben‐Gurion: A Diaspora Leader Challenges the Revered Status of the 'Founding Father'" Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 10.3 (2010): 391–412.
  • Weitz, Yechiam. "The Founding Father and the General: David Ben-Gurion and Moshe Dayan." Middle Eastern Studies 47.6 (2011): 845–861.
  • Witzthum, David. "David Ben-Gurion and Konrad Adenauer: Building a Bridge across the Abyss." Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs 13.2 (2019): 223–237.
  • Zweig, Ronald W. David Ben-Gurion: Politics and Leadership in Israel (Routledge, 2013).

Historiografi

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  • Keren, Michael. "Biography and Historiography: The Case of David Ben-Gurion." Biography (2000): 332–351. Templat:JSTOR.

Laman web ke bukai

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