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Wednesday, November 22, 2023

 

Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: Frank Robbins


Franklin “Frank” Robbins was born on September 9, 1917, in Boston, Massachusetts, according to his World War II draft card and Social Security application (transcribed at Ancestry.com).

In the 1920 United States Census, Robbins was the only child of Archibald (salesman born in Russia) and Laura (born in Austria). They were Boston residents at 3144 Washington Street. 

Famous Artists and Writers of King Features Syndicate (1949) profiled Robbins and said
... Robbins was a Grade-A prodigy of the drawing board in his native Boston at the age of four, won several art scholarships at 9, painted giant murals for his high school at 13 ...
Who’s Who in American Art 1976 said Robbins studied at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts School. 

The 1930 census counted twelve-year-old Robbins and his widow mother in Boston at 121 Chambers Street. 

In Famous Artists Robbins said
“I began life back of the North Station in Boston … precisely on the wrong side of the tracks! At fifteen [around 1933], my family came to New York, lived on the East Side and I began my professional career.”

After kicking around as errand boy in ad agencies, Frank, at the age of sixteen, came under the eagle eye of Edward Trumbull, well-known muralist. Trumbull was then color director of the Radio City project, and through him Frank met the architects and contractors for the buildings being erected. He immediately received commissions to do pencil portraits of all the architects and other personalities connected with the construction project. Upon completion of this lengthy and challenging job, Frank met the Rockefellers and received a grant from them to study and paint. A year later, in a studio given to him in the Graybar building, Frank was busy working on a series of mural sketches for the then proposed Children’s Broadcasting Studio in the RCA building. The sketches were approved when then NBC studios opened for a full schedule of broadcasting. Since the murals were to be painted directly on the walls this gave Frank the choice of working for three months in the wee hours between midnight and early dawn or forgetting the whole deal. Due to his health at the time Frank had to regretfully drop the project.
Art Digest, March 15, 1936, mentioned Robbins’ prize. 
… the Thomas B. Clarke prize of $100 was awarded to Franklin Robbins’ “Sixth Avenue ‘L’.”

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In The World Encyclopedia of Comics, Volume 5 (1999), Maurice Horn said “In 1938 he flirted briefly with the comic book medium.” In The Encyclopedia of American Comics from 1897 to the Present (1990), Ron Goulart said Robbins “even put in time in Bert Whitman’s comic book shop.” 

In 1939, Robbins accepted the Associated Press’s offer to produce Scorchy Smith which began in 1930 with John Terry who was followed by Noel Sickles (1934), Bert Christman (1936) and Howell Dodd (1938). American Newspaper Comics (2012) said Robbins did the strip from May 22, 1939 to March 11, 1944 with a small gap in 1943 by other hands

In the Encyclopedia of American Comics, Goulart said 
At about the same time he’d been doing Scorchy Smith, Robbins also drew Lightnin’ and the Lone Rider, a thinly syndicated cowboy strip. This poor man’s Lone Ranger had originally been drawn by Jack Kirby.
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According to the 1940 census, Robbins and his mother resided in Manhattan at 840 Third Avenue between 51st and 52nd Streets. He was a freelance artist who had four years of high school. 

On August 20, 1940, Robbins, aboard the steamship Mexico, returned from Veracruz, Mexico to the port of New York. The passenger list said his address was 11 West 52nd Street in Manhattan.

Robbins signed his World War II draft card on October 16, 1940. His employer was the Associated Press. Robbins was described as five feet nine inches, 147 pounds, with brown eyes and hair. Apparently he did not serve during the war.

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The Artists League of America’s 1943 exhibition, “This Is Our War”, was at the Wildenstein Galleries in New York. Robbins was one of 89 painters and 12 sculptors represented. His painting, “This Is Our War, Too”, was published in the Springfield Sunday Union and Republican (Massachusetts), March 7, 1943. (The painting was sold in 2019.)

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American Newspaper Comics said Robbins was a ghost artist on The Green Hornet (1941) for the Bell Syndicate. For the King Features Syndicate, Robbins created the adventure strip Johnny Hazard. The daily and Sunday series ran from June 5, 1944 to August 20, 1977. Alberto Becattini says the strip was ghost written by Howard Liss from 1951 to 1971, and Jack Kirby drew six weeks of dailies in 1956. 

On April 30, 1945, Robbins and Bertha Greenstein obtained, in Manhattan, marriage license number 10025. Robbins’ lettering is evident on the affidavit. They married on May 17.

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Famous Artists said
Frank is now married, and his lovely wife, Berta, helps him on research and the more pleasant matters of life. “Frankly,” Frank confided to me, “Any similarity between my comic strip heroines and my wife are pure coincidence!”
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National Cartoonists Society

On October 15, 1947, Robbins and his wife flew on American Airlines from Mexico City to San Antonio, Texas. Their address on the passenger list was 418 West 20th Street in Manhattan.

The same address was recorded in the 1950 census. Robbins, his wife and son, Michael, lived on the second floor.  

Robbins and his wife departed New York, January 20, 1951, aboard the steamship Queen of Bermuda for a week’s vacation in Bermuda. Their address was 10 West 86th Street. 

Robbins was one of 239 cartoonists in the 1951 exhibition, “American Cartooning”, at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. A photograph of Robbins, at the museum, was published in the Daily Bulletin (Endicott, New York), May 29, 1951. 

On September 9, 1953, Robbins took his family on a two-month vacation in Europe. They sailed on the steamship Ile de France bound for Le Havre, France.

Robbins’ 1954 painting “Orchestra” was accepted in the 1955 Annual Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the Whitney Museum of American Art. The catalog said Robbins lived at 285 Central Park West in Manhattan. Who’s Who said Robbins’ paintings were exhibited at the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Toledo Museum of Art, National Academy of Design, and Audubon Artists in 1957 and 1958. 

Something About the Author, Volume 32 (1983) said Robbins’ magazine illustrations appeared in Life, Look, Cosmopolitan and The Saturday Evening Post

In the 1970s, Johnny Hazard appeared in fewer newspapers which affected Robbins’ income. He found work in comic books, first at DC then Marvel. Johnny Hazard ended in August 1977. Robbins’ final comic book contributions appeared in 1979. He and his second wife, Ida Hecht, whom he married in 1977, moved to Mexico. She passed away on January 27, 1989 in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico. Co-incidentally, Robbins’ first wife passed away the same year on March 4 (Social Security Death Index). 

Robbins’ third wife, Fran, was interviewed in Comic Book Creator #1, Spring 2013.
“I taught English there,” she said. “I met Frank while I was directing a play reading of Amadeus.”

“His wife had died two years before I met him … We were together for about five years. We had a wonderful marriage. It was a big loss when he died, let me tell you.”
In addition to his artistic talent, Robbins was an audiophile according to Fran.
“We had a sound system that was second to none. ... He created a single cone speaker that was astonishing. It was very pure sound, very clear. wonderful, wonderful. He knew a lot about sound. He had boxes and boxes of research about sound.”
Robbins passed away on November 28, 1994 in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico. He was laid to rest at Panteón de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe


Further Reading and Viewing
News from ME, About Frank Robbins – Part 1, Part 2, Part 3
More Heroes of the Comics: Portraits of the Legends of Comic Books (2016)
Fabulous Fifties, Frank Robbins’ comics and advertising
Art Digest, May 1951, Met Surveys U.S. Cartooning
Invaluableoriginal comics art and paintings
Heritage Auctions, Frank Robbins original art
Syracuse University, Frank Robbins Cartoons
Who’s Who of American Comic Books 1928–1999

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Monday, November 20, 2023

 

Firsts and Lasts: Dumb Dora's Not So Dumb ... But Cancelled Anyway

 

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Dumb Dora was on its third artist, or more like a hundred and third if you count ghosts and assistants, when her strip was retired in January 1936. Bil Dwyer was the final credited artist on the strip, taking over in late 1932 from Paul Fung, who in turn had taken over from Chic Young. 

Dwyer reportedly brought on a small army of helpers to get the Sunday and daily strip out on time, including Milton Caniff, who R.C. Harvey reports did much of the pencilling for the initial eighteen months of Dwyer's tenure, plus inking some of the girl characters. By the time Dumb Dora ended Caniff was long gone, but we can still easily see vestiges of his style on the dailies above, the last two of the series. 

Dumb Dora had begun as a me-too flapper strip in 1924, but had the additional hook that Dora acts dumb but usually turns out to have a bean firing on all cylinders by the end of each gag. The concept is fine, but awfully repetitive. By the time Dwyer took over the conceit was well and truly played out, and flappers were long gone, so the strip had turned into a more generic "teen boys chasing the pretty girl" feature, which left it drowning in a sea of its betters -- Tillie the Toiler, Harold Teen, Winnie Winkle, Etta Kett, etc. 

Mark Johnson supplied a scan of the last two rather rare dailies seen above, which offer no farewell or conclusion to the strip. So I went looking online to see if the Sunday, which ended the next day (January 5 1936), offered us some closure. Nope!

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By the end of 1935, Dora had exhausted itself, very few papers were still hanging on to it. I can't think of any clients offhand. The two final dailies are from the bottom third of a proof sheet.
My guess is that the feature lasted as long as it did because Dora had been such famous character that her very name became part of the popular American idiom, everybody said it, there were "Dumb Dora Clubs" organised by college girls; a "Dumb Dora" was a shorthand description of a He said-she said joke or cartoon gag.
Thing is, though still well known, it became stale. It was corny. The name was associated with the 1920s.
It was like calling your strip "Oh You Kid" or "Sheik n' Sheba". And all those change of artists didn't help. There's nothing interesting story-wise, either.
Yung was the only one who really understood the character and material to suit her, perhaps Fung did as well to some extent, but by the time it was dumped on Dwyer's drawing board, the feature had lost its soul.
 
Errata: Meant Chic YOUNG, not Yung.
 
The phrase "Dumb Dora" hung on at least until the mid-1970s, when they used it regularly on the game show "Match Game:"

Gene Rayburn: Dumb Dora is SO dumb . . .

Audience: HOW-DUMB-IS-SHE?

Rayburn: She thinks "Night School" is where you learn how to be a ______.

I never knew it was a comic strip reference. I wonder how many people did.
 
If anybody cares to read a little more about Dora, take a peek at my now-defunct web page's entry on it:

https://comicskingdom.com/trending/blog/2015/09/10/ask-the-archvist-dumb-dora
 
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Sunday, November 19, 2023

 

Wish You Were Here, from Grace Drayton

 

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Here's a Grace Drayton postcard issued by Reinthal & Newman as #250. Drayton's cards in this series were generally quite humourous, but this one just tries to elicit compassion for the typical Drayton waif.

This card was postally used in 1914, sent from Great Britain to Portugal. Eventually it ended up in a Florida antique store, where I bought it and then brought it here to Nova Scotia, Canada. That is one well travelled postcard!

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Saturday, November 18, 2023

 

One Shot Wonders: One Thing That Sticks in Danny Long's Noodle by Will Sperry

 

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Way back in 2012 Cole Johnson sent me this strip that he clipped out of the San Francisco Bulletin of January 20 1912. He wondered if this was a one-shot cartoon or part of a series starring this Danny Long fellow. 

I never looked into the matter until recently, but then I noticed that the Bulletin is now available at newspapers.com. Well, as it turns out, Danny Long isn't a cartoon character at all, but rather the manager of the San Francisco Seals. Thus the gag makes perfect sense, and additional review of the paper reveals that Will Sperry was their sports cartoonist, apparently just in 1911-12 based on a quick perusal. 

Sperry's early cartoons for the Bulletin are nothing to write home about, but by 1912 he had quickly developed into a pretty darn fine cartoonist as evidenced by our sample. What happened to Mr. Sperry, then? Well, I'm no expert at tracking but I found a few tidbits. Seems he went to Europe when World War I broke out and served valorously in relief of Belgium, being cited for bravery on several occasions. When the U.S entered the war, he took a commission with the expeditionary force. When the war ended he elected not to come back to the States but rather to live in France. After that I lose track of him. I wonder if he got back into art over there in Europe once his war hero days were over?

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I wonder. There is a listing for a William Alexander Sperry, Jr. in the draft registrations section of Ancestry (giving a birth date of June 4, 1890), commercial artist living in SF, and I found a William Sperry in the 1920 census living in San Anselmo, CA (just outside SF), occupation, commercial artist for a daily paper. At least as of 1920, he had a wife named Lucy. The 1930 census has William and Lucy living in San Francisco. Be interesting if there were two William Sperries as commercial artists in SF.
 
The September 1, 1937 edition of the San Francisco Chronicle, page 13, carries an obituary (brief) for William A. Sperry, Jr., beloved husband of the late Lucy Sperry, who died on August 31, 1937, and was noted as a native of San Francisco. If this is him, he died quite young, only about 47.
 
The October 2, 1918 edition of the San Francisco Examiner, page 6, notes that "William A. Sperry" of the editorial department had joined the field artillery at Camp Kearny (located in San Diego). This, of course, was a year and a half after the US joined the war.
 
The December 23, 1914 Stockton Evening Mail, page 5, has an article about Will Sperry serving in Belgian relief -- but that's a Wiliam *H.* Sperry. William Hatfield Sperry was born on in Stockton on June 28, 1885 according to his 1914 passport application, and as of 1914 was living in Klamath Falls, Oregon, occupation: manufacturer. In the 1910 census, he was still living with his father George and family, as a law student. So I don't think the Belgian relief guy is the guy who did that strip.
 
Yeah, yeah, I know. One more thing. The July 24, 1915 Modesto Morning Herald, page 17, carries a strip entitled "Oh! Nevermind!" (rather Herriman-esque, if you want my view) credited to Will Sperry. This, at a point when I think the "other" Sperry was in Belgium. The strip pops up in the Morning Herald on in August, too.
 
Did I mention I'm no expert at genealogical tracking? Thanks EOCostello for the effort you're putting in to find "our" Mr. Sperry, even if it does strip him of his war hero status! -- Allan
 
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Friday, November 17, 2023

 

Obscurity of the Day: Nobody Works Like Father

 

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Here's a series by the ever-busy pen of Gene Carr that reminds us that "social media" is not a phenemenon limited to the current century by any means. Long before the internet, long before TV, even long before radio, people could still tune into cultural zeitgeists. Yes, fads and memes were with us in 1906 -- maybe they didn't travel at the speed of fiber optics, but they still worked their way through our society at an amazing speed. 

In 1905 a new song was published called "Everybody Works But Father", a comic ditty about a lazy father. A number of artists recorded it, and here's one of them:


It was a big hit and soon spawned postcards and other trinkets bearing the title. Soon there were also reply songs, like "Father's Got a Job", and various singers offered new and alternative lyrics. In the world of comics, Gene Carr took up the gauntlet and decided to defend poor father. His series Nobody Works Like Father debuted on January 28 1906*, offering new song lyrics featuring a father who slaves for his family only to be treated like dirt. 

Carr must have really relished creating this series because the strips are in my opinion some of his best work; funny, on point, animated, and smart. Coulton Waugh, on the other hand, singled it out in The Comics for what may or may not be a diss, "too reminiscent of the ancient days of Dickens and Cruickshank to last long in a modern world."

As with social media today, though, the world quickly tired of its memes even way back when. Gene Carr's Nobody Works Like Father ran its course in less than a year, last appearing November 25 1906*.

* Source: St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

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I can relate.
 
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Wednesday, November 15, 2023

 

Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: Burne Hogarth


Burne Hogarth was born Bernard Spinoza Ginsburg in Chicago, Illinois on December 25, 1911, according to a profile at AskArt: “…Burne Hogarth was my father’s brother, thus I am his niece. He was born Bernard Ginsburg in Chicago, Illinois, on December 25, 1911, though he spent most of his life living in Pleasantville, New York…” At Ancestry.com, his full name was found in a Tuley High School yearbook, The Log 1928.

In the 1920 United States Census, he was the youngest  of two sons born to Max and Pauline, both Russian emigrants. They lived in Chicago at 1252 North Campbell Avenue; an older sister, in the 1910 census, had moved out of the household. His father was a carpenter in a cabinet ship. At At BurneHogarth.com Rafael Alvarez posted his biography of Hogarth and said
…Max kept those sketches and took them and his young son to the Art Institute of Chicago in 1924. Burne was accepted as a student at age 12. By age 15, he was an assistant cartoonist at Associated Editors’ Syndicate. He flourished at the Institute and the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts….Burne graduated high school at the dawn of the Great Depression….
Comics Scene, #5, September 1982, interviewed Hogarth; here are a few excerpts: 
Comics Scene: Give us a capsule history of your career and early background. You graduated from the Chicago Art Institute?

Burne Hogarth: No, I didn’t, as a matter of fact, I went to the Institute but it was only a kind of supplemental activity while I was really in the process of going to high school and at the same time doing art work.

I went to the Art Institute, started Saturday classes, at the age of 12 [1924]. My father thought that I had sufficient material to be able to enroll in classes like that and so he took down a bundle of stuff one day, on a Saturday, and said “Let’s go see what they will think about this.” And they accepted me—so that’s how my training began. Later I went to the Institute taking special courses, but I didn’t enroll in any formal classes. I couldn’t because we were not an affluent family and [the world] was headed into what was later to be known as the Great Depression.

CS: When did you know you had a talent for cartooning?

BH: Very early, when I was a kid, about four. My father would sit and design furniture and cabinets—he was a carpenter and cabinet maker—and I would ask for my own piece of paper and pencil. And when I would say, “What should I draw?” he would push a cartoon under my nose and say “Here, draw this.” So the cartoon became a kind of focus of attention.

CS: What happened after you left the Art Institute?

BH: I enrolled in the Academy of Fine Arts in Chicago. There I studied further drawing and then cartooning as another side of that. That’s when I met a cartoonist who was working for a syndicate and other people who were working for newspapers, and we used to get heavily into what syndication was all about…deadlines and magazines and doing samples and taking them around. I did gags and editorial cartoons, illustrations and that was all part of my portfolio.

I used to take this around and get some jobs in magazines and at the same time worked at odd jobs like driving a truck, selling newspapers and shoes—nothing was too high, too low, or too intermediate to do, because there was obviously an economic necessity.

One of the people I met at the Academy introduced me to one of the syndicates. I worked (for them) in his studio and I was his assistant. I was just an apprentice. I used to come in and sweep up. I learned lettering and I learned also there’s something about the craft of doing work on deadlines. And more than anything else I learned how to use pen, brush, different media and all sorts of things in a very professional way. Maybe two and a half, three years later I sold my first feature to Bonnet Brown.
Many sources called the studio “Barnet Brown” but there was no such company. The Bonnet-Brown Company was mentioned in The Economist, March 13, 1915; Certified List of Domestic and Foreign Corporations for the Year 1920; and The Miami Daily News, October 12, 1926. 

Hogarth was interviewed in the Comics Journal, #166, February 1994, and at age 15, he produced artwork for Associate Editors’ Syndicate’s panels The Sportiest Act I Ever Saw and Famous Churches of the World. He attended Tuley High School although it’s not clear when he graduated. Chicago Public Schools’ CPSAlumni.org website (currently closed) said he was in the class of 1929. The Log 1929, which is available at Memory Lane’s Classmates.com section, does not list or mention Bernard Spinoza Ginsburg. He was the art editor of the 1928 yearbook but it has no picture of him. He signed his name “Hog III” or “Hogarth”; below are pages with his art, photo of the drawing room, and the yearbook staff credits.

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Hogarth has not been found in the 1930 census. According to a family tree at Ancestry.com, his father passed away in 1930. Hogarth tried the correspondence courses of the Federal School. 

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Federal Illustrator, Summer 1931

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Federal Illustrator, Fall 1931
see second column, Story Illustration
Second Prize, $10

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Federal Illustrator, Winter 1931–1932
Second Prize, Story Illustration
A decorative pen-and-ink, by Bernard Ginsburg, apparently
illustrating the “Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam,” took second prize.
It is somewhat in the manner of Rackham, but does not, however,
appear to be in imitation of that master of the grotesque. 

In the Comics Scene interview, Hogarth said he sold his first series to Bonnet-Brown, a commercial art studio, and it was called
Ivy Hemmanhaw. It was one panel, humorous gags about Americana. I was just 18 [1930]. It lasted about a year and then I went on to teach in the Emergency Educational Program, which came along about the time I was 20–21 [1932–1933], and I went to school, too. I went to Northwestern University, the University of Chicago, and studied psychology, anatomy, sectional anatomy, and then things altered. The Depression got worse and under the urging of friends who had relocated to New York, I made my foray into the field in New York, into the syndicate field, very quickly—and that became the start of a whole new and different part of my life.
Around 1934, Hogarth moved to New York City. According to the 1940 census, he had lived there since 1935. In the Comics Journal interview, he said he visited, on a friend’s advice, King Features and found work. He met Lymon Young who offered him an assistant’s position on Tim Tyler’s Luck because his current assistant, Alex Raymond, was leaving. After two summer months of penciling in Greenwich, Connecticut, he quit and returned to New York. At the McNaught Syndicate he met Charles Driscoll who liked his work and considered him for an Albert Payson Terhune dog project. Hogarth got the job but soon was reassigned to Pieces of Eight, which was written by Driscoll. Hogarth recalled the research involved to produce accurate historical drawings: 
…Well, I want to tell you, I started work in February. It was agonizing. I spent 11 hours every day, half the time in the library, and I’d be sitting up nights and working incessantly, and by the end of the week I’d be drained. I’d send this stuff off to the syndicate…I lived the life of a monk in that period….” In the fall, the syndicate decided to end the strip. Hogarth said, “…‘Thank God this thing is over! I’m through with it’. The pirate strip was the heaviest chore I ever carried. And I was glad it as over.
Two weeks of his Pieces of Eight can be viewed here and here

On February 29, 1936. Hogarth and Rhoda Simons were married in Manhattan. 

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In the winter of 1937 Hogarth visited United Features and learned that Hal Foster was leaving the Tarzan strip. Hogarth accepted the invitation to submit samples. Later he learned he got the assignment because the United Features general manger could not tell the difference between his and Foster’s work. His first Sunday page appeared May 9, 1937 and the last on November 25, 1945. A dispute with the syndicate led to Hogarth’s departure. After Tarzan, he produced the strip, Drago, for the Robert Hall Syndicate.

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#533,10/12/1941; Russ Cochran’s Graphic Gallery #6

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#633, 4/25/1943; Russ Cochran’s Comic Art Auction #44

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#665, 12/5/1945; Russ Cochran’s Comic Art Auction #42

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#666, 12/12/1945; Russ Cochran’s Comic Art Auction #42

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#859, 8/24/1947; Russ Cochran’s Comic Art Auction #28

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#911, 8/22/1948; Russ Cochran’s Graphic Gallery #6

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4/21/1946; Russ Cochran’s Comic Art Auction #36

In the 1940 census, Hogarth lived at 26 West 74th Street in New York City. On October 16, 1940, Hogarth signed his World War II draft card which had his updated address. His description was five feet nine inches, 177 pounds, with hazel eyes and brown hair.

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The Manhattan Telephone Directory 1942 had his home address at 66 West 88th Street. His business address was 2091 Broadway in the 1945 directory. 

In the Comics Journal #167, April 1994, when asked how the School of Visual Arts started, he said around 1945 war veterans began contacting him for cartooning advice. He would invite them to his apartment, on Saturdays, to give advice and do demonstrations. To accommodate the growing number of veterans, he looked around his neighborhood and found space at a private secondary school, which was a high school. There he met Silas Rhodes, an English teacher, who suggested that he open a school. Hogarth asked what was involved and Rhodes explained the procedures. Hogarth recalled that he rented a loft on 72nd Street and Broadway and called it the Academy of Newspaper Art. A search of that name produced nothing, however, a series of small advertisements for the Cartoonists & Illustrators Center appeared in October 1945 issues of the New York Post.

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New York Post 10/10/1945

LEARN CARTOONING
With One of the Leading
Cartoonists in the Field
BURNE HOGARTH
OF “TARZAN” FAME
Classes Start October 16th, Eves. & Saturdays
Write for Information NOW!
CARTOONISTS & ILLUSTRATORS CENTER
2091 Broadway, New York, 23, N.Y.

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New York Post 10/19/1945

PLAN YOUR CAREER NOW
Learn Cartooning with
BURNE HOGARTH
The demand for original cartoonists grows daily.
Comprehensive course in cartooning and illus-
trating. Special courses for advanced students.
CARTOONISTS & ILLUSTRATORS CENTER
BURNE HOGARTH (of Tarzan Fame, Dir.)
2091 Broadway at 72nd St.  TRafalgar 4-6616

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New York Post 10/26/1945

LEARN CARTOONING With BURNE
HOGARTH of “TARZAN” fame. New complete
intensive course for beginners and ad-
vanced students.
Cartoonist & Illustrators Center
2091 B’way (72nd St. N.Y.C.) TR 4-6616

When the Center outgrew the loft space, Hogarth found space at a secondary school that opened in the evenings. There he could easily add classrooms as needed. In 1946, nearly identical advertisements ran in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 10, and Arts Magazine, February 15. 

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Brooklyn Daily Eagle 2/10/1946

LEARN CARTOONING
With A Leading Cartoonist
BURNE HOGARTH
of “TARZAN” fame
Now is the time to get
into the cartooning field!
Learn the technique of
newspaper and magazine
panel gags — sport car-
toons — comic strips —
caricature advertising
comic illustrations.
Classes: SATURDAYS ONLY
(Mornings & Afternoons)
CARTOONISTS & ILLUSTRATORS CENTER
ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON SCHOOL
246 West 80 N.Y.C. SC 4-3232

The Center was certified by the State Education Department, in 1947, and renamed the Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The New York Times, January 19, 1956, said the school opened August 20, 1947. The school was mentioned in the Post, November 10, 1947.
Classes are still forming at the Cartoonists and Illustrators School, 112 W. 89th St., it was announced by Silas H. Rhodes, director. Nationally prominent cartoonists and illustrators, headed by Burne Hogarth, illustrator of “Tarzan,” comprise the faculty and lecturing staff.
During Hogarth’s absence, Ruben Moreira had been drawing the Tarzan Sunday page from December 2, 1945 to August 3, 1947. According to ERBzine Hogarth returned to Tarzan for the next three years, from August 10, 1947 to August 20, 1950. And for about four months, he also worked on the Tarzan daily from September 1, 1947 to January 3, 1948. Miracle Jones was short-lived strip he produced in 1947, a very busy year.

At the Silver Lantern site (currently inaccessible), Sy Barry recalled visiting Hogarth’s apartment: 
…When I got to meet Bernie Hogarth, I went up to his studio, which was in his apartment. My brother [Dan Barry] had an apartment like that later on.

You would go into the main area of the apartment and it was one step down into the living room area, but there was also a staircase at the end of the living room that went upstairs to the bedrooms, in an apartment house, believe it or not. I don’t know how they designed this thing, but it was really remarkable. So you’d go up the staircase and there’d be a landing there and that landing would take you into the bedrooms. Then in one of the upstairs bedrooms was his studio. It was this beautiful, brightly lit studio and it was on Central Park West.

It was a beautiful apartment and of course he was very wealthy. He’d written anatomy books and he taught and of course they paid him very handsomely on the Tarzan daily. Trust me, he was very well paid, especially for those Sunday strips. He was a brilliant guy….
Hogarth and Rhodes were accused of being Communists, as reported January 19, 1956, in the Long Island Star Journal (below) and other papers. Both men invoked the Fifth Amendment. Later that year, the Cartoonists and Illustrators School was renamed the School of Visual Arts

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Suburbia Today, June 12, 1983, profiled Hogarth’s second wife, Connie and said:
…By the mid-1950s she had met artist Burne Hogarth, famous as the man who drew the Tarzan comic strip. They soon married and had two children….

…In 1962, the Hogarths moved from their Queens apartment in search of more space for the boys and a studio for Burne. In Mount Pleasant [New York], they found a fortress of a house, resembling something out of Charles Addams…. 

…Her personal life has also become a testing ground. She and Burne were divorced last year….
The University of Chicago Magazine, October 2006, published the following sequence of events:
...In 1953 she married cartoonist Burne Hogarth, who drew the Tarzan comic strip (1937–50) and founded the art school that became New York’s School for the Visual Arts. Soon after son Richard was born in 1956 and son Ross in 1959, the Hogarths moved to suburban Westchester County, which had a reputation for good public schools. (She and Burne divorced in 1981, and nine years ago she married Art Kamell, a longtime activist and former labor lawyer.)
The Dispatch (Lexington, North Carolina), November 9, 1963, published Hogarth’s article, “Our American Art Heritage.” 

In 1970 he retired from the School of Visual Arts due to differences with Rhodes. He continued to teach at Parsons School of Design. 

Hogarth returned to Tarzan by producing two books, Tarzan of the Apes (1972) and Jungle Tales of Tarzan (1976). His first book, Dynamic Anatomy, was published in 1958. Following it were Drawing the Human Head (1965), Dynamic Figure Drawing (1970), Drawing Dynamic Hands (1977), Dynamic Light and Shade (1981), Dynamic Wrinkles and Drapery (1988), and The Arcane Eye of Hogarth (1992).

In the early 1980s he settled in Los Angeles, California, where he taught at the Otis School and Art Center College of Design. Hogarth was a guest at the 1984 San Diego Comic-Con (below). 

BERJAYA
Souvenir Program Book

After attending the Angoulême International Comics Festival in France, Hogarth suffered a heart-attack in Paris and passed away on January 28, 1996. 

In 2017 Hogarth entered the Society of Illustrators’ Hall of Fame. 

(An earlier profile was posted in 2015.)

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Monday, November 13, 2023

 

Obscurity of the Day: Miracle Jones

 

BERJAYA

After his masterful performance on Tarzan, it's amazing to think that Burne Hogarth followed it up by not just one but two total misfires. The first was Drago, an atmospheric quasi-western set in South America that showcased fabulous art but herky-jerky storytelling. 

Hogarth's second attempt at getting back in the newspaper limelight is today's obscurity, Miracle Jones. An ill-advised departure from the action/adventure milieu, which was Hogarth's specialty, this strip tries to adapt Hogarth's dynamic art style to a humor strip. Miracle Jones was a bald-faced copy of James Thurber's Walter Mitty character, a nebbish whose fantasies are played out for the amusement of readers. The character had just been adapted into a 1947 blockbuster movie starring Danny Kaye, so Hogarth just jumped on the bandwagon with a character who is Walter Mitty in every respect excpt the name. 

United Feature originally offered the strip under the title J.P. Miracle, but changed it prior to release. The strip began on February 15 1948* in a vanishingly small list of papers as a Sunday-only feature**. Hogarth provided impressive art but it was all for naught. United and Hogarth threw in the towel before even the first year anniversary, the strip apparently ending on December 5 1948***.

Art expert Alberto Becattini offers us an interesting aside on Miracle Jones, stating that future E.C. Comics star Bernie Krigstein ghost-pencilled two weeks worth of the strip. There may have been other assistants and ghosts involved, too, because I notice that Hogarth does not generally sign his name in the final panel, only in the often dropped title panel. Was he trying to tell us something? Considering that he was back working on Tarzan at this time it seems likely that other hands helped out on this throwaway strip.


* Source: Boston Post

** A few sources claim the strip began in 1947, but no evidence for this has been found. 

*** Source: Jeffrey Lindenblatt based on Long Island Press.

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I've long tried to definitively determine the dates when Hogarth worked on the Tim Tyler's Luck and Pieces Of Eight comic strips. His recall in interview was not always spot on; small wonder trying to remember dates from 50+ years ago. The best that I can determine is that he contributed art to TTL in for 2-3 months during the summer of 1934. I am uncertain when these strips were published. He apparently began work on POE in February of 1935. He thought it was 1936 in the Comics Journal interview, but given that the POE strips he drew ran in late 1935, he must have been mistaken. HIs POE strips were apparently published from 11/4/1935 through 12/28/1935.
 
IIRC, C&I students Wallace Wood and Al Williamson did some ghosting on Tarzan in the late 40s, ditto Nick Cardy who had already been working in the field and, to my knowledge, never a C&I student.
So the idea (implied) that it took Hogarth ghosts to get both strips out makes perfect sense.
Can anyone expand?
 
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Sunday, November 12, 2023

 

Wish You Were Here, from Dave Breger

 

BERJAYA
Here's another Private Breger postcard issued by Graycraft. This one is number 301, which I suppose would give it pride of place as the first in the series, unless there's a #300 lurking out there somewhere. The original cartoon ran in papers in 1943, and we're reasonably certain the card series was issued in 1944.

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Saturday, November 11, 2023

 

One-Shot Wonders: The Auto Creates a New Record by C.W. Kahles, 1902

 

BERJAYA

Here's a singularly repellant one-shot by Kahles. It certainly was a world with different values and proprieties just a hundred-some years ago. Hard to believe this nauseating 'comic' was okayed for publication by editors all over the country. 

Our digitized example is from the Nashville American of May 25 1902, but probably would have run a bit earlier in its syndicate home paper, the Philadelphia North American.

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Raises a question: At this early stage did newspapers get letters from readers offended by cartoons? I realize a lot of things offensive by modern standards were shrugged off then, but there were still limits. At the very least, dog lovers would be heard from.

This looks like something that likely originated as unadorned text ("A motorist hit a dog and paid the farmer for his loss. The next day, the road was lined by farmers with dogs."). A viable joke if a bit nasty in that undetailed form, it becomes appalling here despite (or because of) the quality of the artwork. What's more, the opening panels clearly state the motorist enjoyed killing the dog, which makes the whole thing uglier. And it muddies the punchline -- is the motorist appalled at these entrepreneurs, despite being a happy customer before? Or is he excited about setting the "new record" promised in the headline?
 
It ran originally in the North American the week before.
 
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Friday, November 10, 2023

 

Selling It: Snake Oil? No, Fish Oil!

 

BERJAYA

Scientific testing has proven that there is no special medical wonder inherent in cod liver oil. It is high in vitamins A and D, and so it is undeniably good for those who have a deficiency. But there was a day when it was considered an indispensible member of the family medicine cabinet, "good fer what ails ye," a cure-all for most any malady.

Preying on such beliefs, the Scott's Emulsion folks made claims that it had some special ability to ward off rickets in children. Which it would since rickets is caused by a vitamin D deficiency. But most kids get plenty of vitamin D from sunshine, and those who don't get any time outdoors in the sun probably have bigger problems that Scott's Emulsion won't fix. 

Anyway, I digress. The October 1938 Sunday half-page ad shown above sports art by a wonderful newspaper and magazine cartoonist, an artist who I don't generally associate with advertising strips. Let's leave his name off this post for awhile and see if a Stripper's Guide reader can ID the artist whose work we see above. 

UPDATE 11/13/2023: So, not much activity in the ranks. Alright, here's my ID, and I'm 98% sure it is accurate. The Uncle Dan ad is by R.B. Fuller, of Oaky Doaks fame. The unusual take on the woman's eyes is to me the dead giveaway of the ID.

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All right, I'll take a guess. Will Gould?
 
Not in my opinion. The woman's eyes are the giveaway to the artist's style, asuming I've made the right ID. --Allan
 
I await the results!
 
I'll go with Fuller.
(of course if one clicks on the image
the new tab hedder reads "Uncle Dan by Fuller.")
Now the question is R. B. or Ving?
 
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Wednesday, November 08, 2023

 

Jeffrey Lindenblatt's Paper Trends: The 300 for 1997: Overall Results

In 1996 we lost only one paper, the Muncie Evening Press (IN) which ended on May 18, 1996. It merged with the Star Press which is also on this survey. We also had a paper that was missing information last year come back, so the number of papers stays at 255 for this survey.

Big news this years is that it finally happened -- Garfield has taken over the number #1 spot by adding just one more paper to its total.  Not much other movement in the Top 30. Dilbert added 37 papers but only moved up one spot from 11 to enter the Top 10. Andy Capp has fallen out of the Top 30 and Crankshaft and Rex Morgan enter or reenter the Top 30.

Title

Rank

Rank Change +/-

Papers +/-

Total Papers

Garfield

1

Same

1

221

Peanuts

2

Down 1

-1

219

Blondie

3

Same

1

206

For Better or For Worse

4

Same

6

203

Beetle Bailey

5

Same

2

179

Hagar The Horrible

6

Same

1

156

Cathy

7

Same

-2

152

Family Circus

8

Same

3

151

Doonsbury

9

Same

1

145

Dilbert

10

Up 1

32

137

B.C.

11

Same

0

105

Hi and Lois

12

Up 1

3

104

Wizard of Id

12

Down 2

-2

104

Frank and Ernest

14

Same

3

101

Fox Trot

15

Same

4

95

Born Loser

16

Same

0

88

Shoe

17

Same

-4

83

Dennis The Menace

18

Same

1

81

Marmaduke

19

Same

-1

62

Sally Forth

20

Up 1

4

61

Mother Goose and Grimm

21

Down 1

0

60

Ziggy

22

Same

1

55

Close To Home

23

Down 1

-2

52

Non Sequitur

24

Up 1

5

51

Mallard Fillmore

25

Down 1

-2

47

Mary Worth

26

Same

-1

42

Baby Blues

27

Same

2

41

Arlo and Janis

28

Down 1

2

39

Barney Google and Snuffy Smith

29

Down 2

-1

38

Crankshaft

30

Entering

2

37

Rex Morgan

30

Entering

1

37

 

E&P Survey vs. Stripper's Guide The 300 Survey

The surveys I did for Editor & Publisher were of the top 100 papers in the US, by circulation. There’s an important difference in the criteria for that poll compared to The 300 – in the E&P survey strips got ranked with Sunday papers included; in other words if a given daily or Sunday paper ran Peanuts, that paper got counted. This allowed Sunday-only strips and strips with more popular Sundays than dailies, to get in the running. The 300 poll covers daily features only.

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 Continuing our comparison of the Editor & Publisher Top 100 Circulated Papers and the papers in this survey, we have some interesting differences. In my 1997 E&P article, four strips that appear on the Strippers Guide Top 25 do not appear on the E&P Survey. Three of them can be explained because of the papers in different surveys. Born Loser and Frank and Ernest are two strips from the NEA syndicate package. NEA clients are mainly small town papers so more of them are in The 300 survey. Also, the same could be true for Mallard Fillmore;  small town papers tend to have a more conservative political outlook compared to big cities and their high-circulation papers. Lastly, Prince Valiant is not on The 300 survey since it is a Sunday only strip.

Title

Top 300 Ranking

Top 300 # Papers

E&P Ranking

E&P # Papers

Garfield

1

221

1

92

Peanuts

2

219

3

88

Blondie

3

206

5

87

For Better or For Worse

4

203

2

90

Beetle Bailey

5

179

10

75

Hagar The Horrible

6

156

9

83

Cathy

7

152

6

86

Family Circus

8

151

8

84

Doonesbury

9

145

7

85

Dilbert

10

137

4

88

B.C.

11

105

13

69

Hi and Lois

12

104

19

56

Wizard of Id

12

104

12

73

Frank and Ernest

14

101

Not in Top 25

 

Fox Trot

15

95

18

58

Born Loser

16

88

Not in Top 25

 

Shoe

17

83

14

66

Dennis The Menace

18

81

11

75

Marmaduke

19

62

15

66

Sally Forth

20

61

16

61

Mother Goose and Grimm

21

60

17

59

Ziggy

22

55

20

55

Close To Home

23

52

Not in Top 25

 

Non Sequitur

24

51

21

51

Mallard Fillmore

25

47

Not in Top 25

 

Baby Blues

29

41

22

49

Prince Valiant

No Daily Version

No Daily Version

23

48

Jump Start

37

31

24

43

Mary Worth

28

42

25

42

 

Other strips mentioned in the E&P article:

I Need Help

94 Tie

8

99

9

Tommy

63 Tie

13

64

16

Buckles

84 Tie

10

97

9

Curtis

41

26

26

41

Andy Capp

33

34

28

37

Over The Hedge

63 Tie

13

53

20

Us and Them

94 Tie

8

92

9

 

Universal Comics Page

Over the past 80 years when you picked up a paper from another town or city in most cases you would read some of the strips that appeared in your local paper but mostly you would see strips that you have never seen before. By the 1980s, with the slow demise of newspapers beginning and fewer papers around to compete for features, more papers had the opportunity to buy strips that were not available to them before. This could lead to more variety from one paper to another, but instead, the editors of these papers would do the opposite and just pick the most popular strips. As this way of filling a comics page became more and more prevalent, you would now see many of the same comics in every paper.The Universal Comic Section is a measure of how many papers run the most popular strips. 

Very little change in the Universal comic section this year and the Colorado Spring Gazette still has the most universal comic section running the Top 26 strips in their newspaper.

Top 2 – 204 (Same)

Top 3 – 176 (Up 2)

Top 4 – 152 (Up 3)

Top 5 – 124 (Up 2)

Top 6 – 91 (Down 1)

Top 7 – 75 (Down 1)

Top 8 – 59 (Up 1)

Top 9 – 47 (Up 1)

Top 10 – 36 (Up 6)

Top 11 – 22 (Down 1)

Top 12 – 15 (Up 3)

Top 13 – 9 – (Down 1)

Top 14 – 3 (Up 1)

Top 15 – 3 (Up 2)

Top 16 – 2 (Up 1)

Top 17 – 2 (Up 1)

Top 18 – 1 (Same)

Top 19 – 1 (Same)

Top 20 – 1  (Same

Top 21 – 1 (Same)

Top 22 – 1 (Same)

Top 23 – 1 (Same)

Top 24 – 1 (Same)

Top 25 – 1 (Same

Top 26 – 1 (Same)

 

The average number of comics per paper moves up just a bit to 17.59 from 17.33.

 

Here are the remaining results of the 1997 survey:

35 – Rose is Rose (+3)

34 – Andy Capp (-4)

33 – Funky Winkerbean (-1)

31 – Jump Start (+4)

30 – Alley Oop (-1), Lockhorns (-1)

28 – Rubes (0)

27 – In The Bleachers (+2), Marvin (-1)

26 – Curtis (-1), Luann (-1)

25 – Grizzwells (0)

23 – Mutts (+2), Real Life Adventures (-2)

22 – Gasoline Alley (-3), Kit N Carlyle (-1)

20 – Bizarro (0), Eek and Meek (0), Geech (-2)

19 – Judge Parker (-1), Pickles (+5)

18 – Berry World (-1), One Big Happy (0)

17 – Heathcliff (-1), Overboard (-1), Tank McNamara (-5)

16 – Beattie Blvd (-1), Farcus (-1), Robotman (0)

15 – Fred Basset (0)

14 – Adam (+1)

13 – Drabble (0), Ernie (-3), Mixed Media (-2), Nancy (-2), Over The Hedge (-3), Pluggers (-1), Sylvia (-2), Tommy (R)

12 – Amazing Spider-Man (-1), Mark Trail (0), Phantom (+1), Rhymes With Orange (+2), Stone Soup (+4), Tiger (-1)

11 – Betty (0), Big Nate (0), Dave (0), Ghost Story Club (+6), Mr. Boffo (0)

10 – Apartment 3-G (-1), Bound & Gagged (-1), Buckles (R), Speed Bump (+1)

9 – Crabby Road (0), Dick Tracy (-1), Herb and Jamaal (0), Middletons (0), Sherman’s Lagoon (+1), Zippy (0)

8 – Archie (+1), Buckets (0), Dunagin’s People (-1), Duplex (+1), Gil Thorp (0), Hocus-Focus (0), I Need Help (R), Kuduz (0), Us & Them (-3)

7 – Brenda Starr (-1), Fusco Brothers (0), Ralph (0), Thatch (0), They’ll Do It Every Time (0)

6 – Against The Grain (R), Chaos (-2), Grin and Bear It (0), Momma (0), Norm (R), Off The Mark (+3)

5 – Committed (0), Motley’s Crew (0), Safe Havens (-1), That’s Jake (0), Tumbleweeds (-1)

4 – Ballard Street, Bottom Liners, Broom Hilda, Citizen Dog, Comic For Kids, Crock, Donald Duck, Horrorscope, 9 Chickweed Lane, Steve Roper and Mike Nomad, Terry and The Pirates, Willy N Ethel

3 – Bent Offering, Better Half, On The Fastrack, Quigmans, Reality Check, Ripley’s Believe It or Not

2 – Animal Crackers, At The Zu, Between Friends, Chubb & Chauncey, Cornered, Culture Shock, Frumpy The Clown, Little Orphan Annie, Mickey Mouse, New Breed, Our Fascinating Earth, Redeye, Rip Kirby, Second Chances, Swan Factory, Tundra, Two Toes, Walnut Cove

1 – Belvedere, Ben, Bent Halos, Best Years, Bliss, Family Business, Flintstones, Good Life, Hazel, Health Capsules, Ick, J.D. Comics, Laffbreak, Love Is, Lumpy Gravy, Meet Mr. Lucky, Modesty Blaise, Moose Miller, Out of Bounds, PC and Pixel, Penmen, Quality Time, Rural Rootz, Small Society, Suburban Cowgirls, Tarzan, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Tight Corner, Trudy, Twins, Wild Life, Wit of The World, Word for Word

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