Reproduction

biological process, type of process
Subclass of	biological process, creation
Has effect	procreation
Product or material produced	offspring
Has characteristic	mode of biological reproduction

Kənzambi (awu tada’a tadambi) shima diwal donyi alaube bulin – zuriya – ya-a ba-a banza-a yen tuwandin ma. Jili kǝnzambibe indi mbeji: jinsi ba-a jinsi-a.

Kǝnzambi do jima'iye ba lan, nji alaube raksǝ tada gojin nji alaube gadeye suro lamardǝn cit baro. Kǝnzambi donyi jima'i be dǝ, cell fal lan dazǝnyi. Samunnam awola alaube də shima kənzambi jima'i bawo. Kǝnzambi jima'iye men, nji alaubeye jilinzǝ samun awu jilinzǝ sutuluyin. Faltə kənzambi jima'iyedə ilmuwu biologybero awo zauro kəji. Taman indi donyi kǝnzambi jima'iye dǝ shima kashi 50% nji alaube bas kǝnzambi sadin, ^[1] kuru nji alaube dǝ kashi 50% genes nzaye bas kojin.^[2]

Kǝnzambi donyi jima'i be muradǝjin, cell indi donyi gametes lan botin, suro lan kuromosom donyi reta somatic cells be du mbeji, kuru sha meiosis lan tuwandin, nutufa ye cell ngǝwul donyi jili fal lan nutfa tuwandin, zygote donyi nutfa tuwandin ma. Adǝ shima duli organismwa donyi alamanza geneticbe sandilan tuwandin ma nji alaube ya-a kuru ba-a indison tuwandin ma.

Diwalwa Jinsi ba Hawar kura: Kənzambi jima'iye Asexual reproduction du shima tartip donyi nji alaube soye samǝn nza samun aubiya samǝn nza sowondin, bana donyi nji alaube gadeye bana geneticbe baro.^[3] Bacteriasodə jima'i kəndolan yaktin diwal binaryben; virus so dǝ cell donyi host ye dǝga sunotin virus nguwu sutuluyin; Hydras (dabba shila ngawobe bama donyi Hydroidea) a yeast a du raksa kǝnzanza kǝlzayin. Alawuwa anyi jinsi gade-gade bawo, kuru raksa "yaksayin" kǝlanza indiro aubiya kadaro. Kǝska nguwu so raksa tada gozain jima'i lan kuru jili kuli donyi Mycocepurus smithii du tada gozain jima'i lan.

Jili alawuwa laa donyi raksa kǝnzambi sadin ma, alama hydra, yeast (yeast ye kǝnzanza wune) kuru jellyfish, raksa kǝnzanza sadin. Misallo, kǝska ngǝwuso raksa kǝnzambi kǝskaye sadin – kusunyi baro kǝnzambi sadin, amma raksa kǝnzanza jima'imen sadin. Adǝgailan, bacteriadǝ bayan geneticbe faljin kǝltǝlan.

Diwalwa gade kǝnzambi jima'i bayedǝ sandima parthenogenesis-a, yaktǝ-a kuru spore kǝltǝ-a sandi donyi mitosis bas suron mbeji ma. Parthenogenesis du shima wuratə a kuru wuratu suro donyi kusunyi ye lan nutfa ba ro. Parthenogenesis du alawu lan tuwandin, kǝska cidiyaye so (na donyi apomixis lan bowotin ma), dabba donyi shila ngawo be ma (alaman, kuli njibe, aphids, kuli kǝma, parasitic wasps), kuru dabba donyi shila ngawobe (alama, reptiles laa, ^[4] bǝnyi laa,^[5] kuru zauro nguwu, ngudo fatobe[6]).

Jinsi Hawar kura: Jinsi kənzambi Kuru wune: Adamganabe kǝnzambi icon Nasha adə citations gade məradəzəna tawattəgə nankaro. Martəgəne banazə ruwo adəga ngalwozəyin futu bayan kəla awowa təngatəgənaben suro dalami adəben. Karewa sourced gənyidə raktə kambiyitə kuru tutuluyin. (Kǝntawu Ogustabe 2021) (Futu-a kuru loktu-a kawuli adǝga tutuluyinno line)

Hoverfliesdə samin samilan farzayin

Ngudowa, dabbawa gǝrjinmaso, kuru dabbawa nganji kǝnjomasodǝ sandima nutfa surowamen tada gozain. Dabbawa kongabedə manidə suro zawaben suluwin loktu nəmkam kəltəben.[7][8] Jima'i kənzambi du shima diwal donyi alau bǝlin sutuluyin ma, tartip donyi geneticya nji alau indiye kǝltǝ lan, tartip donyi meiosis lan baditin ma, shi donyi jili cell ye yaktǝ taganas be ma. Awowa alaube indidə falnzawoso reta geneticbe tadabedə banazəyin, haploid gametesdəa sətandin.[9] Kambo alawuwa ye gametes jili indi sadin. Suro alauwa jilitiloa anisogamousben, jinsi indidə sandima konga (sperm au microspores sutuluyin) kuru kamu (ova au megaspores sutuluyin).[10] Suro alauwa jilitiloa isogamousben, gametesdə samun aubiya nəm tilonza (isogametes), amma waneye awoa yaktinma mbeji kuru su gade gadero təkkin (isogamy wune).[11] Sawu gametes indi so samun, sandiya konga au kamuro yaktin ba. Misallo, suro nji kǝskaye dǝn, chlamydomonas reinhardtii, gametes donyi "kǝra" a "tuluwo" a mbeji. Jili alagǝwa gana laa, alaman na fungi kadaa kuru ciliate Paramecium aurelia, Dabbawa kambo (amso kunten ro) kuru kǝskawa sandima tada gozain. Alawu donyi alama samun tada gozain ma, gene nza gade gade sifat wo son (shi donyi alleles lan bowotin ma). Duli ye də, alle fal halla tiyi yaye wo soro waratazayin. Adə nankaro, dulidə jins yanza awanzaso awanzaso awanzasoye kəltəna mbeji. "Alleles donyi banna suwudin ma du, shima diploid donyi kate haploid a diploid a lan faltin ma" na donyi waltǝm kǝltǝye wajin ma.[13][14]

Bryophytes sandima kammumen tada gozain, sonyayi shi alauwa kura kura kuru adǝma soro turin sandima haploidiya kuru gametes sadin. Gametes du ye kǝlta zygoteya tuwandin shi donyi sporangium ro waljin, shi donyi samnowa haploidiya ro waljin. Diploid stage də gana kuru kərmu gana co

Lamintǝ

[1] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduction#cite_note-1

[2] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduction#cite_note-maynard-2

[3] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduction#cite_note-3

[4] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduction#cite_note-reptiles-4

[5] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduction#cite_note-5

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