Shango

Shango
Alaafin ← Aganjusola (en) - Aganjusola (en) →
Rayuwa
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Hannun daji
Sana'a

Shango ( Yaren Yarabawa : Ṣàngó, wanda kuma aka sani da Changó ko Xangô a Latin Amurka ; a matsayin Jakuta ko Badé ; kuma a matsayin Ṣangó a Trinidad Orisha ) Orisha ne (ko allahntaka) a addinin Yarabawa . A fannin tarihin iyali, Shango kakan sarauta ne na Yarabawa domin shi ne Alaafin na uku na Masarautar Oyo kafin a yi masa bauta bayan mutuwarsa. Shango yana da siffofi da yawa, ciki har da Aírá, Agodo, Afonja, Lubé, da Obomin. An san shi da ƙarfin gatari biyu ( Oṣé ). Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan sarakuna da ƙasar Yarabawa ta taɓa samarwa.

A cikin Sabuwar Duniya, an haɗa shi da ko dai Saint Barbara ko Saint Jerome .

Mutumin tarihi

Ṣàngó shine Alaafin na uku na Oyo, bayan Oranmiyan da Ajaka . Ya kawo wadata ga Daular Oyo . A cewar Labarin Tatsuniyar Farfesa Mason game da Jarumai da Sarakuna, ba kamar ɗan'uwansa mai zaman lafiya Ajaka ba, shi mai iko ne kuma mai tashin hankali. Ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru bakwai wanda aka yi masa alama da yakin neman zabe da yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa. Mulkinsa ya ƙare saboda lalata fadarsa ba tare da gangan ba da walƙiya. Yana da mata uku, wato Sarauniya Oshun, Sarauniya Obba, da Sarauniya Oya .

Wasu daga cikin bayin da aka kawo Amurka Yarabawa ne, ɗaya daga cikin ƙabilu daban-daban da aka jawo zuwa cinikin bayi na Atlantika, kuma sun kawo bautar Ṣàngó zuwa Sabuwar Duniya sakamakon haka. Ƙarfin bauta ga Ṣàngó ya haifar da addinin Yarabawa a Trinidad da Recife, Brazil da aka sanya wa suna bayan allahntakar.

Girmamawa ga Singó

Najeriya

Ana kallon Ṣàngó a matsayin mafi ƙarfi a cikin pantheon na Orisha kuma sau da yawa ana bayyana shi a cikin labarai biyu daban-daban. A cikin labarin farko, Ṣàngó ya jefa "dutsen aradu" zuwa ƙasa, wanda ke haifar da tsawa da walƙiya, ga duk wanda ya ɓata masa rai. Masu bauta a ƙasar Yarbawa a Najeriya ba sa cin wake domin sun yi imanin cewa fushin allahn aradu da walƙiya zai sauko musu. A cikin labarin na biyu, Ṣàngó yana da baiwar iya hura wuta da hayaƙi ta hancinsa kuma an san shi da fushin matansa masu jayayya. Waɗannan labaran kuma sun ƙunshi ƙarfin hali, jarumtaka, da mulkin Ṣàngó. Duk da yake ana jin tsoronsa saboda zalunci da ikon lalata, an kuma girmama shi sosai saboda jarumtakarsa, adalci, da manyan iko.

An yi wa abin wuya na allahn Ṣàngó ado da launuka daban-daban na beads ja da fari, yawanci a cikin rukuni huɗu ko shida, waɗanda su ne lambobinsa masu tsarki. Masu bauta wa Ṣàngó suna girmama duwatsun da walƙiya ta haifar; idan an same su, ana kiyaye waɗannan duwatsun a wurare masu tsarki kuma ana amfani da su a cikin al'adu. Ana kiran Ṣàngó a lokacin bukukuwan naɗin sarauta a Najeriya har zuwa yau.

A ƙasar Yarbawa, ana bauta wa Ṣàngó a rana ta biyar ta mako, wadda ake kira Ojo Jakuta. Abincin ibada na al'ada ya haɗa da guguru, bitter cola, ààmìla, da miyar gbegiri. Haka kuma, ana bauta masa da ganga na Bata. Wani abu mai muhimmanci game da wannan allahntaka shi ne ana bauta masa da tufafi ja, kamar yadda aka ce ya yi sha'awar tufafi ja a rayuwarsa.

Nahiyoyin Amurka

Ana girmama Sàngó a Santería a matsayin "Changó". Kamar yadda yake a addinin Yarbawa, Changó yana ɗaya daga cikin alloli da ake jin tsoro a Santería.

A ƙasar Haiti, ya fito daga ƙasar "Nago", kuma ana kiransa da Ogou Chango. Palo ya san shi da "Siete Rayos".

Candomblé

An san Ṣàngó da Xangô a cikin pantheon na Candomblé . Ana cewa ɗan Oranyan ne, kuma matansa sun haɗa da Oya, Oshun, da Oba, kamar yadda yake a al'adar Yarbawa. Xangô ya ɗauki matsayi mai girma a tsakanin bayi a Brazil saboda halayensa na ƙarfi, juriya, da kuma zalunci. Ana kiransa allahn walƙiya da tsawa. Ya zama mai kula da orixa na gonaki da kuma yawancin Candomblé terreiros. Akasin haka, Oko, orixá na noma, bai sami tagomashi sosai a tsakanin bayi a Brazil ba kuma yana da 'yan mabiya kaɗan a Amurka. Wannan wataƙila saboda bayin ba su da sha'awar yin addu'a ga Oko don girbi mai yawa ga bayinsu. Babban barracão na Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká, ko terreiro Casa Branca, an keɓe shi ga Xangô. An nuna Xangô da gatari mai gefe biyu kamar labrys ; da kambin tagulla.

Halaye

• Ranar da aka keɓe: Laraba. 4 ga Disamba
• Launuka: fari da ja
• Abubuwa: tsawa, walƙiya, wuta
• Abinci mai tsarki: amalá (abincin haɗiye da aka yi da doya, garin rogo, ko garin ayaba mara nuna da ake kira èlùbọ̀)
• Kayan kida: oxê, gatari biyu; munduwa; kambin tagulla; Duwatsun tsawa, ko abubuwan da walƙiya ta buge
• Tufafi: jajayen zane mai fararen murabba'ai ko kuma harsashin cowrie
• Abun Wuya ko Elekes: farin lu'u-lu'u da ja
• Tsarin zane: iko, rinjaye
• Rawar alfarma: alujá, roda de Xangô . Yana magana ne game da nasarorin da ya samu, ayyukansa, matansa, ikonsa, da kuma mulkinsa.
• Dabbobin da ake yankawa: kunkuru mai ruwa, akuya namiji, tunkiya

Amalá, wanda aka fi sani da amalá de Xangô, abinci ne na ibada da ake bayarwa ga orixá. Miya ce da aka yi da yankakken okra, albasa, busasshen jatan lande, da man dabino. Ana yin Amalá a ranar Laraba a pegi, ko bagadi, a kan babban tire, wanda aka yi wa ado da okra 12 a tsaye ba tare da dafawa ba. Saboda haramcin al'ada, ba za a iya yin abincin a kan tiren katako ko kuma a haɗa shi da kola mai ɗaci ba. Ana iya yin Amalá de Xangô tare da ƙara naman sa, musamman wutsiyar sa. Amalá de Xangô ya bambanta da àmàlà, abinci ne da aka saba da shi a yankunan Yarbawa na Najeriya.

A cikin al'adun jama'a

• "Shango (Chant to the God of Thunder)" waƙa ce daga cikin waƙoƙin Drums of Passion, wani kundin waƙoƙi da Babatunde Olatunji, ɗan Najeriya mai buga busa, ya fitar a shekarar 1960.
• "Shango" shine taken waƙar Hugh Masekela a cikin kundin wakokinsa na 2016 No Borders .
• Waƙar "Que Viva Chango" ta Celina y Reutilio tana nufin Chango da Santa Barbara.
• Shango shine babban jarumin wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 1963, Oba kò so na Duro Ladipo .
• Shango babban jigo ne a cikin waƙar Mighty Sparrow mai suna "Congo Man".
• Caliban ya kira Shango a cikin wasan Aimé Césaire na Une Tempête ( A Tempest ).
• Rubutun rubutu mai taken "CHANGO", wanda aka rubuta da manyan haruffa ja a cikin hoton Herman Braun-Vega na Wifredo Lam (tarin Plastiques na Centre National des Arts ), yana nufin gadon al'adun Afirka na Lam.
• Shango ya bayyana a matsayin ƙaramin hali a cikin Tarihin Iron Druid na Kevin Hearne .
• "Shango" waƙa ce ta musamman a cikin kundin waƙoƙin Guadalcanal Diary mai suna 2x4 .
• Wale ya nuna Chango a kakar wasa ta 3 ta Allolin Amurka .
• FC Shango ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta Amurka ce da ke Minnesota kuma an kafa ta a shekarar 1992. A gasar da ta fi kowacce a rukuni a fannin ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan mata a Minnesota, FC Shango ta lashe gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan mata ta jihar a shekarar 2017, kuma a halin yanzu tana da ƙungiyoyi uku: MASL D2, MSSL O40, da O50. Su ne zakarun gasar Masters League sama da 50 na Minnesota Senior Soccer League MSSL na shekarar 2023. .
• Shango shine kundin wakoki na biyar da ƙungiyar Juno Reactor mai nau'ikan trance suka fitar.

Littattafan tarihi

• Johnson, Samuel, Tarihin Yarabawa, Landan 1921 (shafi na 10) 149–152).
• Law, Robin: Daular Oyo kimanin 1600 - kimanin 1836, Oxford 1977.
• Seux, M.-J., Épithètes royales akkadiennes et sumériennes, Paris 1967.
• Tishken, Joel E., Tóyìn Fálọlá, da Akintúndéí Akínyemí (eds), Sàngó a Afirka da Ƙwararrun Afirka, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2009.

Ƙarin karatu

• Charles Spencer King, "Addinin Tsohuwar Yanayi: Bauta ta Orisha & IFA"
• Charles Spencer King, "IFA Y Los Orishas: La Religion Antigua De LA Naturaleza"

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Santeria.fr: Duk game da Shango Archived 2016-09-17 at the Wayback Machine Archived
• Santeria.fr: Todo sobre Shango Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine Archived
• Santeria.fr: Tout sur Shango