COLLECTED BY

Organization: Archive Team

BERJAYA

Formed in 2009, the Archive Team (not to be confused with the archive.org Archive-It Team) is a rogue archivist collective dedicated to saving copies of rapidly dying or deleted websites for the sake of history and digital heritage. The group is 100% composed of volunteers and interested parties, and has expanded into a large amount of related projects for saving online and digital history.

History is littered with hundreds of conflicts over the future of a community, group, location or business that were "resolved" when one of the parties stepped ahead and destroyed what was there. With the original point of contention destroyed, the debates would fall to the wayside. Archive Team believes that by duplicated condemned data, the conversation and debate can continue, as well as the richness and insight gained by keeping the materials. Our projects have ranged in size from a single volunteer downloading the data to a small-but-critical site, to over 100 volunteers stepping forward to acquire terabytes of user-created data to save for future generations.

The main site for Archive Team is at archiveteam.org and contains up to the date information on various projects, manifestos, plans and walkthroughs.

This collection contains the output of many Archive Team projects, both ongoing and completed. Thanks to the generous providing of disk space by the Internet Archive, multi-terabyte datasets can be made available, as well as in use by the Wayback Machine, providing a path back to lost websites and work.

Our collection has grown to the point of having sub-collections for the type of data we acquire. If you are seeking to browse the contents of these collections, the Wayback Machine is the best first stop. Otherwise, you are free to dig into the stacks to see what you may find.

The Archive Team Panic Downloads are full pulldowns of currently extant websites, meant to serve as emergency backups for needed sites that are in danger of closing, or which will be missed dearly if suddenly lost due to hard drive crashes or server failures.

Collection: Archive Team: URLs

TIMESTAMPS

The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20240214190026/https://independent.academia.edu/KennethAble

Skip to main content

Kenneth Able

Followers

5

Following

2

Co-authors

2

Total Views

Introduced species +4

uploads

Papers

Skylight Polarization Patterns and the Orientation of Migratory Birds

Journal of Experimental Biology

Patterns of polarized light present in the clear dusk sky provide directional information relevan... more Patterns of polarized light present in the clear dusk sky provide directional information relevant to the orientation behaviour of migratory birds. Experiments performed with white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) and American tree sparrows (Spizella arborea), North American night migrants, examined migratory orientation between the time of sunset and the first appearance of stars under several manipulations of skylight polarization patterns. Under clear skies, birds tested in Emlen funnel orientation cages oriented their hopping basically parallel to the E-vector of polarized light, with a bias towards the brightest part of the sky (sunset direction). Under solid, thick overcast conditions (no polarized light from the natural sky), birds showed axially bimodal hopping orientation parallel to an imposed E-vector. When birds were tested in cages covered with depolarizing material under a clear sky, their hopping orientation was seasonally appropriate and indistinguishable f...

The Orientation of Passerine Nocturnal Migrants Following Offshore Drift

The Auk

Nocturnal autumn passerine migrants are frequently drifted by wind or carried by downwind flight ... more Nocturnal autumn passerine migrants are frequently drifted by wind or carried by downwind flight from New England to offshore islands. Most individuals in these flights are immatures. Many recover the mainland via reoriented northward flights. During fall 1972, I made field observations and performed orientation cage tests on nocturnal migrants on Block Island, Rhode Island. Migrants reached the island during four southward movements in following winds. Migration was very light or absent on most other nights. Reoriented diurnal flights left from the island immediately after the arrival of a large nocturnal migration. Northward movements occurred on two nights following daytime reoriented flights. These nocturnal movements are tentatively interpreted as constituting reoriented flights. About 27% of the 79 individuals tested in orientation cages showed significantly directional nocturnal activity. About two-thirds of these oriented basically northwestward, corresponding to the reorien...

Avian community structure along elevational gradients in the northeastern United States

Oecologia

Reviewers of Manuscripts, 1984

Evolution

Kenneth Able John Alcock Fred Allendorf Paul Ankney Ann Antlfinger Charles F. Aquadro Jonathan Ar... more Kenneth Able John Alcock Fred Allendorf Paul Ankney Ann Antlfinger Charles F. Aquadro Jonathan Arnold Stevan J. Arnold William Atchley John Avise Robert J. Baker J. S. F. Barker Spencer Barrett George F. Barrowc1ough William S. Bartels Nick H. Barton Pat Bateson Jeffrey Baylis J. A. Beardmore Andrew Beckenbach Michael Begon Michael A. Bell Bengt Bengtsson Peter Bennett WoodruffW. Benson May R. Berenbaum Robert I. Bertin Paulette Bierzychudek Peter Boag Jack Bradbury John Brittnacher Edmund Brodie, Jr. Peter Brussard Edwin H. Bryant Stephen Bryant James J. Bull Michael Bulmer Ron Burton Don Buth Susan Cachel Diane R. Campbell Ken Carey David Carrier Brenda Casper Douglas Cavener Ranajit Chakraborty Brian Charlesworth Deborah Charlesworth Eric Charnov Barry Chernoff Ron Chesser Nona Chiariello John L. Cisne Larry Clark Michael Clegg T. H. Clutton-Brock Bruce Cochrane Glen Collier Jim Collins Rob Colwell Joel Cracraft Loring Cramer Rossiter Crozier Orlando Cuellar E. W. Cupp James Curtsinger N. B. Davies Scott Diehl Hugh Dingle F. Stephen Dobson Gabriel Dover William Duellman Walter Eanes W. G. Eberhard Joan Edwards Norman Ellstrand John A. Endler Ralph Evans Walter Evans Warren Ewens James Felley Charles Fenster Donna Fernandez Theodore Fleming James Fogleman Michael Gaines Steven D. Gaines Carl Gans Keith Garbutt Jacques Gauthier

Field Studies of the Orientation Cue Hierarchy of Nocturnal Songbird Migrants

Proceedings in Life Sciences, 1978

Tracking radar, surveillance radar, and visual observation of free-flying nocturnal migrants in t... more Tracking radar, surveillance radar, and visual observation of free-flying nocturnal migrants in the United States are revealing relationships among several compass cues. Whereas passerine migrants in the southeastern United States selectively flew downwind even under clear skies, downwind flight in seasonally inappropriate directions in the northeastern United States occurred only under solid overcast that prevented the birds from seeing both stars and the sun near the time of sunset. The hypothesis that a view of either stars or the sun near sunset is sufficient to allow the birds to perform “correct” orientation was supported by data from experimentally released birds.

Human Navigation Attempts to Replicate Baker’s Displacement Experiment

Topics in Geobiology, 1985

ABSTRACT

Patterns of Corticosterone Secretion in House Finches from Sedentary and Migratory Ranges in North America

Able, K. P. Fall migration in coastal Louisiana and the evolution of migration patterns in the gulf region. Wilson Bulletin

Environmental influences on nocturnal migration and orientation of birds

ABSTRACT

The Effects of Overcast Skies on the Orientation of Free-Flying Nocturnal Migrants

Proceedings in Life Sciences, 1982

Radar tracks of individual birds migrating on overcast nights were compared with a similar set of... more Radar tracks of individual birds migrating on overcast nights were compared with a similar set of tracks obtained under clear skies. I examined the accuracy of orientation within and among tracks, flight altitude and changes in altitude, the effects of flying within clouds, and the effects of continuous overcast of several days’ duration. When birds were flying below the cloud cover there were essentially no discernible effects. Their flight was as straight, level, and fast as comparable birds flying on clear nights. Likewise, the spread in headings among birds was similar. On each of four nights when birds appeared to be flying within or between cloud layers, headings were random and the individual tracks were slightly, but significantly less straight than when birds were flying beneath the clouds. Uninterrupted overcast of several days’ duration did not result in random headings so long as the birds were flying below the cloud ceiling.

Mechanisms of Orientation, Navigation, and Homing**This chapter is dedicated to the memory of William T. Keeton, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the study of avian homing

Animal Migration, Orientation and Navigation, 1980

The debate over olfactory navigation by homing pigeons

The Journal of experimental biology, 1996

The flexible migratory orientation system of the savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)

The Journal of experimental biology, 1996

The orientation system of the Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) is typical of nocturna... more The orientation system of the Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) is typical of nocturnal migrant passerine birds. It is based on a system of interacting compass senses: magnetic, star, polarized light and, perhaps, sun compasses. The magnetic compass capability develops in birds that have never seen the sky, but the preferred direction of magnetic orientation may be calibrated by celestial rotation (stars at night and polarized skylight patterns during the day). This ability to recalibrate magnetic orientation persists throughout life and enables the bird to compensate for variability in magnetic declination that may be encountered as it migrates. The polarized light compass may be manipulated by exposing young birds to altered patterns of skylight polarization. There is some evidence that the magnetic field may be involved in calibration of the polarized light compass. In short-term orientation decision-making during migration, visual information at sunset overrides both ...

Magnetic orientation and magnetoreception in birds

Progress in neurobiology, 1994

The development of migratory orientation mechanisms

EXS, 1991

Recent experimental studies (since ca. 1985) on the ontogeny of orientation mechanisms in migrato... more Recent experimental studies (since ca. 1985) on the ontogeny of orientation mechanisms in migratory birds are reviewed. The processes and interactions are synthesized into a framework that may help identify critical research questions. Birds that grow up in the earth's magnetic field develop the ability to perform appropriate migratory orientation, even in the absence of any experience with relevant visual cues. In two species, large changes in direction during the course of migration seem to be controlled by an endogenous time program. In one of these, the Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), the correct magnetic orientation seems to occur only when the magnetic fields appropriate to the latitudes encountered en route were experienced at the proper seasonal time. The magnetic compass may be modified by visual experience with either the day or night sky. Celestial rotation may be the calibrating reference in this case, as it is in the development of the star compass. Young Sava...

Calibration of the magnetic compass of a migratory bird by celestial rotation

Nature, 1990

Orientation cues used by migratory birds: A review of cue-conflict experiments

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 1993

During the late 1960s and early 1970s the accumulating evidence of magnetic orientation forced th... more During the late 1960s and early 1970s the accumulating evidence of magnetic orientation forced the conclusion that the orientation of migratory birds and homing pigeons is based upon multiple stimuli. &#39;Cue-conflict experiments&#39; have provided a powerful means of asking how these directional cues relate one to another. The weight of evidence suggests that in short-term orientation decision making, magnetic cues take precedence over stars, and visual information at sunset overrides both these stimuli. Recent experiments point to polarized skylight patterns as the relevant cue in dusk orientation. Although cue-conflict experiments have now been performed on a diversity of species, generalizations are weakened because of differences in experimental design, in the cues examined and in our ability to manipulate those cues. There remains a need for carefully designed comparative studies.

Book Review:Animal Navigation. Talbot H. Waterman

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1989

The Development of Orientation and Navigation Behavior in Birds

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1987

Page 1. VOLUME 62, No. 1 MARCH 1987 THE QUARTERLY REVIE of BIJOLOGY THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORIENTATIO... more

Book Review:Animal Migration. Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Lancaster (UK), December 1979. D. J. Aidley

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1982

Skylight Polarization Patterns and the Orientation of Migratory Birds

Journal of Experimental Biology

Patterns of polarized light present in the clear dusk sky provide directional information relevan... more Patterns of polarized light present in the clear dusk sky provide directional information relevant to the orientation behaviour of migratory birds. Experiments performed with white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) and American tree sparrows (Spizella arborea), North American night migrants, examined migratory orientation between the time of sunset and the first appearance of stars under several manipulations of skylight polarization patterns. Under clear skies, birds tested in Emlen funnel orientation cages oriented their hopping basically parallel to the E-vector of polarized light, with a bias towards the brightest part of the sky (sunset direction). Under solid, thick overcast conditions (no polarized light from the natural sky), birds showed axially bimodal hopping orientation parallel to an imposed E-vector. When birds were tested in cages covered with depolarizing material under a clear sky, their hopping orientation was seasonally appropriate and indistinguishable f...

The Orientation of Passerine Nocturnal Migrants Following Offshore Drift

The Auk

Nocturnal autumn passerine migrants are frequently drifted by wind or carried by downwind flight ... more Nocturnal autumn passerine migrants are frequently drifted by wind or carried by downwind flight from New England to offshore islands. Most individuals in these flights are immatures. Many recover the mainland via reoriented northward flights. During fall 1972, I made field observations and performed orientation cage tests on nocturnal migrants on Block Island, Rhode Island. Migrants reached the island during four southward movements in following winds. Migration was very light or absent on most other nights. Reoriented diurnal flights left from the island immediately after the arrival of a large nocturnal migration. Northward movements occurred on two nights following daytime reoriented flights. These nocturnal movements are tentatively interpreted as constituting reoriented flights. About 27% of the 79 individuals tested in orientation cages showed significantly directional nocturnal activity. About two-thirds of these oriented basically northwestward, corresponding to the reorien...

Avian community structure along elevational gradients in the northeastern United States

Oecologia

Reviewers of Manuscripts, 1984

Evolution

Kenneth Able John Alcock Fred Allendorf Paul Ankney Ann Antlfinger Charles F. Aquadro Jonathan Ar... more Kenneth Able John Alcock Fred Allendorf Paul Ankney Ann Antlfinger Charles F. Aquadro Jonathan Arnold Stevan J. Arnold William Atchley John Avise Robert J. Baker J. S. F. Barker Spencer Barrett George F. Barrowc1ough William S. Bartels Nick H. Barton Pat Bateson Jeffrey Baylis J. A. Beardmore Andrew Beckenbach Michael Begon Michael A. Bell Bengt Bengtsson Peter Bennett WoodruffW. Benson May R. Berenbaum Robert I. Bertin Paulette Bierzychudek Peter Boag Jack Bradbury John Brittnacher Edmund Brodie, Jr. Peter Brussard Edwin H. Bryant Stephen Bryant James J. Bull Michael Bulmer Ron Burton Don Buth Susan Cachel Diane R. Campbell Ken Carey David Carrier Brenda Casper Douglas Cavener Ranajit Chakraborty Brian Charlesworth Deborah Charlesworth Eric Charnov Barry Chernoff Ron Chesser Nona Chiariello John L. Cisne Larry Clark Michael Clegg T. H. Clutton-Brock Bruce Cochrane Glen Collier Jim Collins Rob Colwell Joel Cracraft Loring Cramer Rossiter Crozier Orlando Cuellar E. W. Cupp James Curtsinger N. B. Davies Scott Diehl Hugh Dingle F. Stephen Dobson Gabriel Dover William Duellman Walter Eanes W. G. Eberhard Joan Edwards Norman Ellstrand John A. Endler Ralph Evans Walter Evans Warren Ewens James Felley Charles Fenster Donna Fernandez Theodore Fleming James Fogleman Michael Gaines Steven D. Gaines Carl Gans Keith Garbutt Jacques Gauthier

Field Studies of the Orientation Cue Hierarchy of Nocturnal Songbird Migrants

Proceedings in Life Sciences, 1978

Tracking radar, surveillance radar, and visual observation of free-flying nocturnal migrants in t... more Tracking radar, surveillance radar, and visual observation of free-flying nocturnal migrants in the United States are revealing relationships among several compass cues. Whereas passerine migrants in the southeastern United States selectively flew downwind even under clear skies, downwind flight in seasonally inappropriate directions in the northeastern United States occurred only under solid overcast that prevented the birds from seeing both stars and the sun near the time of sunset. The hypothesis that a view of either stars or the sun near sunset is sufficient to allow the birds to perform “correct” orientation was supported by data from experimentally released birds.

Human Navigation Attempts to Replicate Baker’s Displacement Experiment

Topics in Geobiology, 1985

ABSTRACT

Patterns of Corticosterone Secretion in House Finches from Sedentary and Migratory Ranges in North America

Able, K. P. Fall migration in coastal Louisiana and the evolution of migration patterns in the gulf region. Wilson Bulletin

Environmental influences on nocturnal migration and orientation of birds

ABSTRACT

The Effects of Overcast Skies on the Orientation of Free-Flying Nocturnal Migrants

Proceedings in Life Sciences, 1982

Radar tracks of individual birds migrating on overcast nights were compared with a similar set of... more Radar tracks of individual birds migrating on overcast nights were compared with a similar set of tracks obtained under clear skies. I examined the accuracy of orientation within and among tracks, flight altitude and changes in altitude, the effects of flying within clouds, and the effects of continuous overcast of several days’ duration. When birds were flying below the cloud cover there were essentially no discernible effects. Their flight was as straight, level, and fast as comparable birds flying on clear nights. Likewise, the spread in headings among birds was similar. On each of four nights when birds appeared to be flying within or between cloud layers, headings were random and the individual tracks were slightly, but significantly less straight than when birds were flying beneath the clouds. Uninterrupted overcast of several days’ duration did not result in random headings so long as the birds were flying below the cloud ceiling.

Mechanisms of Orientation, Navigation, and Homing**This chapter is dedicated to the memory of William T. Keeton, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the study of avian homing

Animal Migration, Orientation and Navigation, 1980

The debate over olfactory navigation by homing pigeons

The Journal of experimental biology, 1996

The flexible migratory orientation system of the savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)

The Journal of experimental biology, 1996

The orientation system of the Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) is typical of nocturna... more The orientation system of the Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) is typical of nocturnal migrant passerine birds. It is based on a system of interacting compass senses: magnetic, star, polarized light and, perhaps, sun compasses. The magnetic compass capability develops in birds that have never seen the sky, but the preferred direction of magnetic orientation may be calibrated by celestial rotation (stars at night and polarized skylight patterns during the day). This ability to recalibrate magnetic orientation persists throughout life and enables the bird to compensate for variability in magnetic declination that may be encountered as it migrates. The polarized light compass may be manipulated by exposing young birds to altered patterns of skylight polarization. There is some evidence that the magnetic field may be involved in calibration of the polarized light compass. In short-term orientation decision-making during migration, visual information at sunset overrides both ...

Magnetic orientation and magnetoreception in birds

Progress in neurobiology, 1994

The development of migratory orientation mechanisms

EXS, 1991

Recent experimental studies (since ca. 1985) on the ontogeny of orientation mechanisms in migrato... more Recent experimental studies (since ca. 1985) on the ontogeny of orientation mechanisms in migratory birds are reviewed. The processes and interactions are synthesized into a framework that may help identify critical research questions. Birds that grow up in the earth's magnetic field develop the ability to perform appropriate migratory orientation, even in the absence of any experience with relevant visual cues. In two species, large changes in direction during the course of migration seem to be controlled by an endogenous time program. In one of these, the Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), the correct magnetic orientation seems to occur only when the magnetic fields appropriate to the latitudes encountered en route were experienced at the proper seasonal time. The magnetic compass may be modified by visual experience with either the day or night sky. Celestial rotation may be the calibrating reference in this case, as it is in the development of the star compass. Young Sava...

Calibration of the magnetic compass of a migratory bird by celestial rotation

Nature, 1990

Orientation cues used by migratory birds: A review of cue-conflict experiments

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 1993

During the late 1960s and early 1970s the accumulating evidence of magnetic orientation forced th... more During the late 1960s and early 1970s the accumulating evidence of magnetic orientation forced the conclusion that the orientation of migratory birds and homing pigeons is based upon multiple stimuli. &#39;Cue-conflict experiments&#39; have provided a powerful means of asking how these directional cues relate one to another. The weight of evidence suggests that in short-term orientation decision making, magnetic cues take precedence over stars, and visual information at sunset overrides both these stimuli. Recent experiments point to polarized skylight patterns as the relevant cue in dusk orientation. Although cue-conflict experiments have now been performed on a diversity of species, generalizations are weakened because of differences in experimental design, in the cues examined and in our ability to manipulate those cues. There remains a need for carefully designed comparative studies.

Book Review:Animal Navigation. Talbot H. Waterman

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1989

The Development of Orientation and Navigation Behavior in Birds

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1987

Page 1. VOLUME 62, No. 1 MARCH 1987 THE QUARTERLY REVIE of BIJOLOGY THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORIENTATIO... more

Book Review:Animal Migration. Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Lancaster (UK), December 1979. D. J. Aidley

The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1982