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Andre Anders

Leipzig University (Universität Leipzig), Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Faculty Member

Universität Leipzig, Felix Bloch Institute of Solid State Physics, Faculty Member

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Andre Anders is Director of the Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) in Leipzig, Germany, and Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Leipzig. He assumed these positions after working over 25 years at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.
His research interests are in the field of plasmas and materials, especially in arc and magnetron plasmas, plasma diagnostics, HiPIMS, thin films, diamond-like carbon, transparent conducting oxides, electrochromic materials, nanoparticles and nanocomposites.
Since 2014, Andre also serves as the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Applied Physics.
Phone: +49(0)341 235-2308
Address: Permoserstr. 15
D-04318 Leipzig
Germany

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Papers by Andre Anders

Bulk and thin film model samples for the analysis of the strain sensitivity of niobium-tin

Ion beam sputtering of silicon: Energy distributions of sputtered and scattered ions

Journal of vacuum science & technology, Aug 23, 2019

Influence of Ar gas pressure on ion energy and charge state distributions in pulsed cathodic arc plasmas from Nb–Al cathodes studied with high time resolution

Journal of Physics D, Nov 23, 2018

Copper, Sputter Thyself

Focus, 2009

Temporal development of the plasma composition of a pulsed aluminum plasma stream in the presence of oxygen

Applied Physics Letters, 1999

We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition of pulsed aluminum plasma streams ... more We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition of pulsed aluminum plasma streams at various oxygen pressures. The plasma was formed with a vacuum arc plasma source and the time resolved plasma composition was measured with time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. The temporal development of the plasma composition as well as the Al average ion charge state was found to be a strong function of the oxygen pressure. Oxygen and hydrogen concentrations of up to 0.36 and 0.32, respectively, were found in the first 50 mus of the pulse at oxygen pressures of >=5×10-5 Torr. The average charge state of aluminum ions was found to vary from +1.2 to +2.5 depending on the oxygen pressure and the time elapsed after ignition of the arc. These results are of fundamental importance for the understanding of the evolution of the composition (through the plasma composition) and microstructure (through the Al ion flux energy) of alumina thin films produced by pulsed, reactive aluminum plasmas.

Results on intense beam focusing and neutralization from the neutralized beam experiment

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Oct 31, 2003

Guest editorial special issue on vacuum discharge plasmas

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Oct 1, 2001

Characterization of a reactive arc plasma

Building on excellence and reputation, a more inclusive <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i> evolves

Journal of Applied Physics, Mar 15, 2022

Properties of gallium oxide thin films grown by ion beam sputter deposition at room temperature

Journal of vacuum science & technology, May 1, 2022

Gallium oxide thin films were grown by ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD) at room temperature on ... more Gallium oxide thin films were grown by ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD) at room temperature on Si substrates with systematically varied process parameters: primary ion energy, primary ion species (O2+ and Ar+), sputtering geometry (ion incidence angle α and polar emission angle β), and O2 background pressure. No substrate heating was applied because the goal of these experiments was to investigate the impact of the energetic film-forming species on thin film properties. The films were characterized with regard to film thickness, growth rate, crystallinity, surface roughness, mass density, elemental composition and its depth profiles, and optical properties. All films were found to be amorphous with a surface roughness of less than 1 nm. The stoichiometry of the films improved with an increase in the energy of film-forming species. The mass density and the optical properties, including the index of refraction, are correlated and show a dependency on the kinetic energy of the film-forming species. The ranges of IBSD parameters, which are most promising for further improvement of the film quality, are discussed.

Heavy Ion Fusion Science Virtual National Laboratory 1st Quarter FY09 Milestone Report

This milestone has been met. In the previous quarter (3rd quarter FY2008), the Heavy Ion Fusion S... more This milestone has been met. In the previous quarter (3rd quarter FY2008), the Heavy Ion Fusion Science Virtual National Laboratory (HIFS-VNL) completed the new experimental target chamber facility for future Warm Dense Matter (WDM) experiments [1]. The target chamber is operational and target experiments are now underway, using beams focused by a final focus solenoid and compressed by an improved bunching waveform. Initial experiments have demonstrated the capability of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX) beam to heat bulk matter in target foils. The experiments have focused on tuning and characterizing the NDCX beam in the target chamber, implementing the target assembly, and implementing target diagnostics in the target chamber environment. We have completed a characterization and initial optimization of the compressed and uncompressed NDCX beam entering the target chamber. The neutralizing plasma has been significantly improved to increase the beam neutralization in the target chamber. Preliminary results from recent beam tests of a gold cone for concentrating beam energy on target are encouraging and indicate the potential to double beam intensity on target. Other advantages of the cone include the large amount of neutralizing secondary electrons expected from the grazing incidence at the cone walls, and the shielding of the target from the edges of the beam pulse. The first target temperature measurements with the fast optical pyrometer were made on Sep. 12, 2008. The fast optical pyrometer is a unique and significant new diagnostic. These new results demonstrate for the first time beam heating of the target to a temperature well over 2000 K. The initial experimental results are suggestive of potentially interesting physics. The rapid initial rise and subsequent decay of the target temperature during the beam pulse indicate changes in the balance of beam heating and target evaporative cooling, a behavior which may be affected by phenomena such as droplet formation and rapid changes in the optical properties of the hot target material. NDCX, possibly uniquely, is capable of studying these changes because of its wide range of diagnostic capabilities. These capabilities include target diagnostics already in place such as the fast pyrometer and streak camera, as well as the ability to measure both ion beam transmission and optical transmission through the foil. Measurements with these diagnostic techniques can help determine the rate at which the target is breaking up into droplets and the rate at which its bulk optical properties are changing.

Time- and Position-Dependent Breakdown Volume Calculations to Explain Experimentally Observed Femtosecond Laser-Induced Plasma Properties

ACS Photonics, Feb 20, 2023

Apparatus and methods for deposition of materials on interior surfaces of hollow components

OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information), Jul 30, 2019

Pulsed biasing techniques with fully ionized metal plasmas

Formation of hollow atoms above diamond surfaces

Cathodic arc plasma deposition: Principles and trends

Cathodic arcs and high power pulsed magnetron sputtering: A comparison of plasma formation and thin film deposition

The effect of transition metals and other parameters on the coalescence of sputter-deposited silver islands on coated glass

Atomic scale heating in energetic plasma deposition - eScholarship

$Research paper thumbnail of The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots - eScholarship$

The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots - eScholarship

Bulk and thin film model samples for the analysis of the strain sensitivity of niobium-tin

Ion beam sputtering of silicon: Energy distributions of sputtered and scattered ions

Journal of vacuum science & technology, Aug 23, 2019

Influence of Ar gas pressure on ion energy and charge state distributions in pulsed cathodic arc plasmas from Nb–Al cathodes studied with high time resolution

Journal of Physics D, Nov 23, 2018

Copper, Sputter Thyself

Focus, 2009

Temporal development of the plasma composition of a pulsed aluminum plasma stream in the presence of oxygen

Applied Physics Letters, 1999

We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition of pulsed aluminum plasma streams ... more We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition of pulsed aluminum plasma streams at various oxygen pressures. The plasma was formed with a vacuum arc plasma source and the time resolved plasma composition was measured with time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. The temporal development of the plasma composition as well as the Al average ion charge state was found to be a strong function of the oxygen pressure. Oxygen and hydrogen concentrations of up to 0.36 and 0.32, respectively, were found in the first 50 mus of the pulse at oxygen pressures of >=5×10-5 Torr. The average charge state of aluminum ions was found to vary from +1.2 to +2.5 depending on the oxygen pressure and the time elapsed after ignition of the arc. These results are of fundamental importance for the understanding of the evolution of the composition (through the plasma composition) and microstructure (through the Al ion flux energy) of alumina thin films produced by pulsed, reactive aluminum plasmas.

Results on intense beam focusing and neutralization from the neutralized beam experiment

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Oct 31, 2003

Guest editorial special issue on vacuum discharge plasmas

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Oct 1, 2001

Characterization of a reactive arc plasma

Building on excellence and reputation, a more inclusive <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i> evolves

Journal of Applied Physics, Mar 15, 2022

Properties of gallium oxide thin films grown by ion beam sputter deposition at room temperature

Journal of vacuum science & technology, May 1, 2022

Gallium oxide thin films were grown by ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD) at room temperature on ... more Gallium oxide thin films were grown by ion beam sputter deposition (IBSD) at room temperature on Si substrates with systematically varied process parameters: primary ion energy, primary ion species (O2+ and Ar+), sputtering geometry (ion incidence angle α and polar emission angle β), and O2 background pressure. No substrate heating was applied because the goal of these experiments was to investigate the impact of the energetic film-forming species on thin film properties. The films were characterized with regard to film thickness, growth rate, crystallinity, surface roughness, mass density, elemental composition and its depth profiles, and optical properties. All films were found to be amorphous with a surface roughness of less than 1 nm. The stoichiometry of the films improved with an increase in the energy of film-forming species. The mass density and the optical properties, including the index of refraction, are correlated and show a dependency on the kinetic energy of the film-forming species. The ranges of IBSD parameters, which are most promising for further improvement of the film quality, are discussed.

Heavy Ion Fusion Science Virtual National Laboratory 1st Quarter FY09 Milestone Report

This milestone has been met. In the previous quarter (3rd quarter FY2008), the Heavy Ion Fusion S... more This milestone has been met. In the previous quarter (3rd quarter FY2008), the Heavy Ion Fusion Science Virtual National Laboratory (HIFS-VNL) completed the new experimental target chamber facility for future Warm Dense Matter (WDM) experiments [1]. The target chamber is operational and target experiments are now underway, using beams focused by a final focus solenoid and compressed by an improved bunching waveform. Initial experiments have demonstrated the capability of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX) beam to heat bulk matter in target foils. The experiments have focused on tuning and characterizing the NDCX beam in the target chamber, implementing the target assembly, and implementing target diagnostics in the target chamber environment. We have completed a characterization and initial optimization of the compressed and uncompressed NDCX beam entering the target chamber. The neutralizing plasma has been significantly improved to increase the beam neutralization in the target chamber. Preliminary results from recent beam tests of a gold cone for concentrating beam energy on target are encouraging and indicate the potential to double beam intensity on target. Other advantages of the cone include the large amount of neutralizing secondary electrons expected from the grazing incidence at the cone walls, and the shielding of the target from the edges of the beam pulse. The first target temperature measurements with the fast optical pyrometer were made on Sep. 12, 2008. The fast optical pyrometer is a unique and significant new diagnostic. These new results demonstrate for the first time beam heating of the target to a temperature well over 2000 K. The initial experimental results are suggestive of potentially interesting physics. The rapid initial rise and subsequent decay of the target temperature during the beam pulse indicate changes in the balance of beam heating and target evaporative cooling, a behavior which may be affected by phenomena such as droplet formation and rapid changes in the optical properties of the hot target material. NDCX, possibly uniquely, is capable of studying these changes because of its wide range of diagnostic capabilities. These capabilities include target diagnostics already in place such as the fast pyrometer and streak camera, as well as the ability to measure both ion beam transmission and optical transmission through the foil. Measurements with these diagnostic techniques can help determine the rate at which the target is breaking up into droplets and the rate at which its bulk optical properties are changing.

Time- and Position-Dependent Breakdown Volume Calculations to Explain Experimentally Observed Femtosecond Laser-Induced Plasma Properties

ACS Photonics, Feb 20, 2023

Apparatus and methods for deposition of materials on interior surfaces of hollow components

OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information), Jul 30, 2019

Pulsed biasing techniques with fully ionized metal plasmas

Formation of hollow atoms above diamond surfaces

Cathodic arc plasma deposition: Principles and trends

Cathodic arcs and high power pulsed magnetron sputtering: A comparison of plasma formation and thin film deposition

The effect of transition metals and other parameters on the coalescence of sputter-deposited silver islands on coated glass

Atomic scale heating in energetic plasma deposition - eScholarship

$Research paper thumbnail of The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots - eScholarship$

The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots - eScholarship