Infectious Disease Research Papers

Based on the our October paper "A Generalized Viral Infection Mathematical Model Derived from Covid-19 Simulation", at a conceptual level higher than the classic SIR/SEIR model, we have established the 6 laws of infection regarding the... more

Manual Merck - Infecções

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- by Ighovwerha Ofotokun
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- 12
  Medicine, Humans, Infection Control, Infectious Disease

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- by Forrest Brem
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- 15
  Population Dynamics, Biodiversity, Multidisciplinary, Panama

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- by Michael Nissen
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- 21
  Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Adolescent, real time PCR

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- by Keith Matthews
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- 12
  Evolutionary Biology, Humans, Infectious Disease, Animals

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- by Andrea Angius
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- 18
  Genetics, Multiple sclerosis, Polymorphism, Malaria

Polymerase chain reaction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) was tested for its ability to accurately identify a blinded panel of 156 diverse bacterial isolates, mostly human and/or animal pathogens. Here, 142/156... more

Visual impairment and blindness caused by infectious diseases has been greatly reduced, but increasing numbers of people are at risk of age-related visual impairment. Visual information is the basis for most navigational tasks, so... more

Senescence arises from age-specific deterioration of the soma as a consequence of optimization of life history, and such effects of senescence should appear when comparing species that differ in intensity of sexual selection, as well as... more

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- by Todd Schmitt and +1
  Jody Westberg
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- 32
  Arsenic, Aging, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollution

The likely health effects of climate change make it one of the most pressing global public health issues of our time. Effects range from more intense and frequent cyclones, flooding, and heat waves through to changing infectious disease... more

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- by C. Roller
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- 20
  Southeast Asia, Clinical Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Humans

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- by Raphaël Bérenger and +3
  Nancy Bourdon
  France Borgey
  R. Leclercq
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- 21
  Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Glycopeptide Research, real time PCR

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- by Henny Van Der Mei
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- 12
  Dentistry, Probiotics, Dogs, Infectious Disease

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- by Dunja Hinze-selch
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- 30
  Schizophrenia, PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY, Cytokines, Humans

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- by John Schaubroeck
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- 26
  Marketing, Psychology, Applied Psychology, Decision Making

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- by Duane Hospenthal
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- 14
  Mycology, Surgery, Epidemiology, Immunology

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- by Tiffany Bogich and +2
  Felicia Keesing
  C. Harvell
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- 23
  Environmental Science, Epidemiology, Ecology, Communicable Diseases

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- by Thorkild Tylleskär and +1
  Edda Olafsdottir
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- 20
  Uganda, Helicobacter pylori, Medical History, Humans

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- by Moriya Tsuji
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- 8
  Immunology, Clinical immunology, Humans, Infectious Disease

Objective: Vivax malaria is common in Pakistan. We carried out this study to determine the effects of this infection on blood counts and the impact of splenomegaly on these results. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study... more

Geographically-grounded situational awareness (SA) is critical to crisis management and is essential in many other decision making domains that range from infectious disease monitoring, through regional planning, to political campaigning.... more

While most microbes play an important role in nature, certain potentially harmful microbes can contaminate food and water, and cause a plethora of infectious diseases in both animals and humans. Conventional methods for detecting... more

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- by Terence Hung
- •
- 7
  Data Analysis, Time Series, Genetic Algorithm, Infectious Disease

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term hearing results of using costal cartilage prostheses in ossicular chain reconstruction procedures in subjects operated on for a middle ear cholesteatoma with an intact... more

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term hearing results of using costal cartilage prostheses in ossicular chain reconstruction procedures in subjects operated on for a middle ear cholesteatoma with an intact canal wall tympanoplasty. Thirty-six patients (four with bilateral disease) followed up for 10 years who underwent an ossiculoplasty with a cartilage prostheses between January 1987 and December 1989 constituted the population studied. All the subjects underwent a staged intact canal wall tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy. Ossiculoplasty with total or partial chondroprosthesis was performed during the second stage. The long-term outcome was evaluated in terms of hearing according to the guidelines of the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium (1995), and in terms of complications (anatomical and functional). In 18 patients a partial cartilage ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) was used, while in 22 a total cartilage ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) was used. In the PORP group the mean preoperative air–bone gap (ABG) was 22.4 dB hearing level (HL); before the second stage the ABG was 37.9 dB HL, at 2 years it was 12.1 dB HL, at 5 years 15.3 dB HL and at 10 years 15.8 dB HL. In the TORP group the mean preoperative ABG was 31.6 dB HL; before the second stage the ABG was 41.1 dB HL, at 2 years it was 14.4 dB HL, at 5 years 17 dB HL and at 10 years 18.5 dB HL. In both groups the number of cases with a postoperative ABG of < 20 dB HL remained stable (P > 0.05) over time. The failure rate was 17.5%, but only in 5% of cases was a functional revision needed. No cases of extrusion of the prostheses were encountered. The use of a chondroprosthesis is associated with functional results similar to those obtained by other authors. The efficacy of the prostheses remains stable over time and is associated with a very low rate of complications and failures. In this series no extrusion occurred and in no case did an infectious disease develop after cartilage transplantation.

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- by Susana Abg
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- 17
  Adolescent, Humans, Child, Cartilage

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- by Vipa Phuntumart and +1
  Thomas Sullivan
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- 21
  Genetics, Microbiology, Plant Biology, Cell Adhesion

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- by Keith Wesnes and +2
  Yori Gidron
  J. Teeling
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- 28
  Psychology, Health Behavior, Immunology, Cognition

Background: Pneumonia from SARS-CoV-2 is difficult to distinguish from other viral and bacterial etiologies. Broadspectrum antimicrobials are frequently prescribed to patients hospitalized with COVID-19 which potentially acts as a... more

Background: Pneumonia from SARS-CoV-2 is difficult to distinguish from other viral and bacterial etiologies. Broadspectrum antimicrobials are frequently prescribed to patients hospitalized with COVID-19 which potentially acts as a catalyst for the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis during the first 18 months of the pandemic to quantify the prevalence and types of resistant co-infecting organisms in patients with COVID-19 and explore differences across hospital and geographic settings. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science (BioSIS), and Scopus from November 1, 2019 to May 28, 2021 to identify relevant articles pertaining to resistant co-infections in patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Patient-and study-level analyses were conducted. We calculated pooled prevalence estimates of co-infection with resistant bacterial or fungal organisms using random effects models. Stratified meta-analysis by hospital and geographic setting was also performed to elucidate any differences.
Results: Of 1331 articles identified, 38 met inclusion criteria. A total of 1959 unique isolates were identified with 29% (569) resistant organisms identified. Co-infection with resistant bacterial or fungal organisms ranged from 0.2 to 100% among included studies. Pooled prevalence of co-infection with resistant bacterial and fungal organisms was 24% (95% CI 8-40%; n = 25 studies: I 2 = 99%) and 0.3% (95% CI 0.1-0.6%; n = 8 studies: I 2 = 78%), respectively. Among multi-drug resistant organisms, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and multi-drug resistant Candida auris were most commonly reported. Stratified analyses found higher proportions of AMR outside of Europe and in ICU settings, though these results were not statistically significant. Patient-level analysis demonstrated > 50% (n = 58) mortality, whereby all but 6 patients were infected with a resistant organism.
Conclusions: During the first 18 months of the pandemic, AMR prevalence was high in COVID-19 patients and varied by hospital and geography although there was substantial heterogeneity. Given the variation in patient populations within these studies, clinical settings, practice patterns, and definitions of AMR, further research is warranted to

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- by Norberto Sotelo-Cruz
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- 17
  Nutrition and Dietetics, Anthropometry, Vitamin A, Humans

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- by Veasna Duong and +1
  Sreyrath Lay
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- 33
  Genetics, Cambodia, Medical Microbiology, China

Mucosal surfaces are colonized by a diverse and dynamic microbiota. Much investigation has focused on bacterial colonization of the intestine, home to the vast majority of this microbiota. Experimental evidence has highlighted that these... more

Mucosal surfaces are colonized by a diverse and dynamic microbiota. Much investigation has focused on bacterial colonization of the intestine, home to the vast majority of this microbiota. Experimental evidence has highlighted that these colonizing microbes are essential to host development and homeostasis, but less is known about host factors that may regulate the composition of this ecosystem. While evidence shows that IgA has a role in shaping this microbiota, it is likely that effector molecules of the innate immune system are also involved. One hypothesis is that gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides, key elements of innate immunity throughout nature, have an essential role in this regulation. These effector molecules characteristically have activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria and other microbes. At mucosal surfaces, antimicrobial peptides may affect the numbers and/or composition of the colonizing microbiota. In humans and other mammals, defensins are a predominant class of antimicrobial peptides. In the small intestine, Paneth cells (specialized secretory epithelial cells) produce high quantities of defensins and several other antibiotic peptides and proteins. Data from murine models indicate that Paneth cell defensins play a pivotal role in defense from food and water-borne pathogens in the intestinal lumen. Recent studies in humans provide evidence that reduced Paneth cell defensin expression may be a key pathogenic factor in ileal Crohn&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease, a subgroup of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and changes in the colonizing microbiota may mediate this pathogenic mechanism. It is also possible that low levels of Paneth cell defensins, characteristic of normal intestinal development, may predispose premature neonates to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) through similar close links with the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Future studies to further define mechanisms by which defensins and other host factors regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota will likely provide new insights into intestinal homeostasis and new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and infectious diseases of the bowel.

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre as infecções hospitalares neonatais prevalentes em unidades de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Medline e ScienceDirect.... more

Introduction Nosocomial infections are induced in hospitalized patients. These patients do not have these infections at the time of reference, but are infected at the time of hospitalization (1). Nosocomial infections are caused two days... more

As part of conservation efforts between 1997 and 2001, more than 25% (332 animals) of the endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) population was sampled in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Serum samples were tested for... more

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- by John Reif
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- 24
  Zoology, Toxoplasma, Communicable Diseases, Toxoplasma gondii

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- by Sylvain Gandon
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- 16
  Evolutionary Biology, Epidemiology, Evolution, Public Health

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- by Asanee Kawtrakul
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- 20
  Bioinformatics, Computer Science, Text Mining, Public Health

This paper is concerned with the SIR model of Infectious diseases. Math- ematical models based on the demographical factors, which provide a con- ceptual framework for understanding the process of transmission and control of infectious... more

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- by Bolujo Adegboyegun
- •
- 3
  Computer Science, Infectious Disease, Sir Model

Apr	MAY	Jun
	22
2022	2023	2024

Infectious Disease

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