Rondel

This is a threefold transcription of Baude Cordier's "circle canon," two versions in rondeau form and one in perpetual canon. Included with the music transcriptions are full translations from Medieval French to English of all the accompanying texts as well as an English text underlay for the music.

Also included is a full explanation of the various mensurations and colorations that appear in the piece.

The design of the scores attempts to illustrate the rondeau form overlaying the canonic conceit.

For a score animation with the transcription and original manuscript, see this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaeOWdXM4Pg

Ring ditches are a peculiar
phenomenon for the Thracian Bronze
Age. The earliest ones are known from
the beginning of the period but the high
tide of their distribution can be seen
at the end of the EBA II and especially
during EBA III (the so-called Sv. Kirilovo
phase). Referred to as sanctuaries, they
mostly constitute of a ditch enclosing
a circle area (temenos) and an entrance
towards the usually empty inner space.
Sometimes, a single building, a central
pit or group of pits are surrounded
by the enclosure. Such features are
widely spread throughout Central and
Western Europe in the Late Prehistory.
Named as Rondels, Kreisgrabenanlagen
or Ringgrabeanlagen and causewayed or
ditched enclosures, they bring in a similar,
if not the same, idea for certain ritual
activities. The following article does not
aim to present new field data that will fill
in the blanks about the Early and Middle
Bronze Age ditched enclosures. It rather
intents to draw a general outline and
review on the Rondels-problem as well as
to focuses on specific characteristics of
the sanctuaries. I will discuss the already
published information for this type of
sites and will give more detailed insight
into the different theoretical approaches
regarding their interpretational models.

Článek popisuje objevy kruhových příkopů (tzv. rondelů) kultury s vypíchanou keramikou, které jsme zjistili díky letecké prospekci v letním období 2012 v horním Polabí na Královéhradecku. Jde o trojnásobný rondel v katastru Jaroměř-Semonice s průměry příkopů ca 93 m x 87 m / 70 m x 68 m /54 m, o již druhý dvojnásobný rondel u obce Lochenice II s příkopy o průměru ca 100 m x 104 m / 72 m x 75 m a o velký jednoduchý kruhový příkop u obce Chlum s průměrem asi 157 m x 168 m. Rondely zřejmě přináležejí kultuře s vypíchanou keramikou. Všechny se nacházely na okraji pravé terasy řeky Labe v okolí ústí jeho přítoků. Mohly se tu nalézat křižovatky stezek z mladšího neolitu. / The article discusses findings of circular ditches, enclosures (i.e. rondels) of the Stroked Pottery culture, which were discovered thanks to aerial archaeology (prospecting) in summer 2012 in the upper Elbe in the Hradec Králové Region. It is a triple rondel in Jaroměř-Semonice with diameters ditches ca 93 m x 87 m / 70 m x 68 m / 54 m, the second double rondel near the village Lochenice II with diameters ca 100 m x 104 m / 72 m x 75 m and a large simple circular enclosure (ditch) near the village Chlum with the outer diameter of about 157 m x 168 m. All rondels were located right on the edge of the terrace of the Elbe River near the mouth of its tributaries. Could they have found the intersection of trackways from the late Neolithic.

The ways of infilling archaeological objects are among the most common questions given to geo-archaeologists. Convenient subjects for the study of formation processes of archaeological terrain features (contexts) are V-shaped ditches. Their infilling is usually lithologicaly and texturally considerably variable with regular morphology and special archaeological context. The V-shaped ditches are known only from two chronologically, culturally distinctive periods. In first case there are ditches of " rondels " from the Late Neolithic Period, in the second case we are dealing with the fortification ditches of the Roman temporary camps. On the basis of sedimentological and consequently micromophological study, processes were differentiated in the formation of studied infillings. In Neolithic rondels, two parts of infillings were noted. The lower one typically has straight thin bedded layers, originating due to processes connected with vegetation ingrowth and erosion of the rampart. The upper part of the infilling is usually homogenous, and originated during the human caused grading of the surrounding area. During this phase, remains of rampart constructions were most probably destroyed. The basic type of deposition e especially visible in case of rondels e is lateral planar wash with phases of bioturbation, running pedogenesis on the edges of ditches, or stagnating water. The second main featuring process is mass movement slumping, particularly of upper faces of sloped sides. This process often happens naturally, mainly due to erosion, presence of water, and vegetation. The most distinctive postsedimentary processes determined within the rondel infilling were bioturbation, accumulation of carbonates and movement of clay minerals caused by soil leaching. In the V-shaped ditches of the Roman temporary camps, it was possible to microscopically trace similar records documenting coarse particle sedimentation at the base of ditches, although this layer is not continuous thought the whole width. It indicates the direction from which it was transported. They are remains of intentionally redeposited ramparts. The upper parts are marked by increasing humifi-cation and bioturbation as a result of ditch infilling emergence. However, it is possible to trace similar formation processes in both groups of studied V-shaped ditches and to define a basic classification. Prevailing textural and structural features are distinctively different between the groups, due to geological subsoil conditions, hydrological regime and depth of the ditches.

The article deals with the revision research on the Neolithic ditched enclosure in Těšetice-Kyjovice “Sutny” I in south-west Moravia. The roundel dates to the older stage of the Moravian Painted Ware Culture (phase Ia) and its excavation in the 1960s – 70s represented the first systematic research on a feature of this kind in Central Europe. New revision research was carried out in the summer of 2012 as part of the practice of archaeology students of the Masaryk University. The excavation work discovered the western section of the as yet not investigated part of the ditch at the northern entrance to the roundel. The aim was to gather new information using modern research methods.

The aim of this contribution is to summarize the results of the archaeological excavation at Plotiště nad labem ii site and also to provide the description of the digitalization process of these
results which followed the archaeological research itself. Text includes description of both types – 2D and 3D archaeological documentation.

ABSTRACT The ways of infilling archaeological objects are among the most common questions given to geoarchaeologists. Convenient subjects for the study of formation processes of archaeological terrain features (contexts) are V-shaped ditches. Their infilling is usually lithologicaly and texturally considerably variable with regular morphology and special archaeological context. The V-shaped ditches are known only from two chronologically, culturally distinctive periods. In first case there are ditches of “rondels” from the Late Neolithic Period, in the second case we are dealing with the fortification ditches of the Roman temporary camps.

Reinterpretovali jsme reliéfní památník se dvěma kruhovými valy a příkopy v zalesněném terénu v katastru Třebovětice, okres Jičín. Vykazuje znaky, které jsou typické pro rondely mladého neolitu. Ve východních Čechách patří do kultury s vypíchanou keramikou. Mimo jiné vedou do vnitřního kruhového areálu čtyři vstupy nasměrované podle hlavních světových stran. Poznatek o dochovaných valech je velmi významný pro studium účelu kruhových ohrazení jako shromažďovacích center se sociálním a kultovním posláním. V druhé části jsou uvedeny nové objevy rondelů. Patří mezi ně trojitý rondel nedaleko Jaroměř-Semonice, okres Náchod, dvojitý rondel u Lochenic, okr. Hradec Králové, a velký kruhový příkop o průměru asi 160 m nedaleko vesnice Chlum, okres Hradec Králové. / We reinterpreted a archaeological relief monument with two circular ramparts and two ditches in wooded terrain in the cadastre Třebovětice, Jičín District, in East Bohemia. This rondel have characteristics which are typical for rondels from the Late Neolithic. In East Bohemia belongs to the Stroked Pottery Culture. Among other things, lead to the inner area of the circular enclosure four entrances in orientation of cardinal points. The observation of preserved embankments/ramparts is very important for the study purpose as a circular enclosure assembly centers, with  a social and cult significance. In the second part of tis article are new discoveries of rondels. These include a triple rondel near Jaroměř-Semonice, Náchod Distric, a double rondel at Lochenice II and a large circular ditch with a diameter ca. 160 m near the village Chlum, Hradec Králové District.

As a result of a field walk and a geophysical survey, a circular enclosure (rondel) of the Late Neolithic Lengyel culture was discovered at a site at Bezeréd-Teleki-dűlő II. Eight gates can be seen on both ditches of the markedly symmetrical double circular enclosure; in front of some of
them, semi-circular affixes could be seen. Ditches of palisades were visible on both sides of the inner ditch. The alignment of the gates matches the pattern typical for the alignment of the circular
enclosures in Western Hungary. The chronological relationship among the buildings outlined inside the circular enclosure, the Lengyel culture sites around the circular enclosure and the circular enclosure itself is not yet clarified.

A Kárpát-medencei régészeti és néprajzi leleteket bemutató archaeoasztronómiai kiállítás a Türr István Múzeumban, megnyitja: Hoppál Mihály, 2014 téli napforduló.

Exclusive archaeoastronomical exhibition based on artefacts of the Carpathian Basin, to be opened by Mihaly Hoppal, at winter solstice 2015