Social Conflict

Two thousand five was a watershed year in the contemporary history of Asian federalism. The formation of asymmetric federalism in Indonesia was marked by the granting of substantial autonomy to the Aceh people in the 2005 peace agreement. In the Philippines, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s 2005 State of the Nation address to Congress has accelerated the process of federalization. These two events point to fundamental changes in Asian governance with regards to minorities and ethnic conflicts.

Straipsnio tikslas yra išryškinti tas properšas tyrimais sukauptose žiniose apie pokomunistinę transformaciją Baltijos šalyse, kurias gali užpildyti tik sociologija. Straipsnis pradedamas dviejų pokomunistinės transformacijos dekadų periodizacija, kuri tinka visų trijų Baltjos valstybių naujausiai istorijai, įrodo bendro Baltijos kelio egzistavimą bei išryškina Estijos pirmavimą. Paskutinę išvadą patvirtina kiekybiniai duomenis apie pokomunistinių šalių transformacijos lyginamuosius pasiekimus. Įtakingiausios tranzitologinės koncepcijos teigia, kad pokomunistinės transformacijos sėkmę lėmė ekonominės (šoko terapija) arba politinės (antikomunistinė revoliucija) priežastys. Autoriai argumentuoja, kad nei ekonominiai, nei politologiniai aiškinimai nėra pakankami atskleisti Baltijos šalių raidos netolygumo priežastis, pasisakydami už sociologinį aiškinimą, kuris nukreipia dėmesį į kultūrinius skirtumus, aprašomus keturių socialinės vaizduotės ir socialinio veiksmo orientacijų (kontinuac...

Resumen   Los estudios psicológicos de la sustentabilidad hí­drica han demostrado que las situaciones especí­ficas de desabasto de agua influyen en las acciones de ahorro. Si el desabasto es percibido como temporal o momentáneo, la percepción de riesgo tiende a disminuir influyendo en la inacción de los usuarios del servicio de agua potable. En tal contexto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue construir un instrumento para medir las dimensiones de la percepción de riesgo frente a situaciones extremas de disponibilidad hí­drica. Para tal propósito, se revisaron los estudios perceptuales y se seleccionaron reactivos para su evaluación por jueces. La aplicación del instrumento se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 100 estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que la escala es confiable (alfa de .75) ya que es una  evidencia de consistencia interna entre los reactivos y la escala. La validez se estableció con pesos factoriales superiores a .300 entre los indicadores y el factor perceptual. Los...

Background: The impact of social movements (SMs) and collective behavior (CB) supports the relevance of approaching this phenomenon from social psychology. Several systematic reviews () and meta-analyses () have been carried out in the st century, but there is a lack of integration. Aim: This study seeks to review the patterns of CB and corroborate the psychosocial factors that explain participation in CB and SMs, as well as the long-term psychological e ects of participating in them.

The paper examines the politics of security deployment by the Federal Government of Nigeria to Jos, metropolis. A cross-sectional study was conducted and Public Opinion Theory adopted. Methodologically, mixed methods of data collection were conducted that involved the administration of 377 questionnaires to adult respondents, six In-Depth Interviews with religious and community leaders while three Key Informant Interviews with security personnel working with Special Task Force. The survey reveals that, the deployment of Mobile Police from 2001-2010 and the formation of Special Task Force in 2010 has generated mixed reactions and divergent perceptions among the residents of Jos metropolis. Majority of the ethnic groups that are predominantly Christians were more contented with the deployment of the Mobile Police whereas ethnic groups that are dominantly Muslims questioned the neutrality, capability, performance and strength of the Nigerian Police Force in managing the crises. The stu...

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar em que medida a teoria da comunicação não violenta pode contribuir para a construção de acordos e ser utilizada pelos advogados em audiências judiciais de mediação ou de conciliação. Inicialmente, examina-se a origem, a definição, os objetivos e o procedimento de aplicação da comunicação não violenta. Após, verifica-se as características do discurso jurídico, a atuação e a importância dos advogados em audiências autocompositivas, culminando com apresentação de proposta de inserção da comunicação não violenta como uma disciplina na matriz curricular dos cursos de Direito brasileiros. A metodologia utilizada apoia-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com referências extraídas de doutrinas jurídicas, artigos de periódicos científicos, monografias, dissertações e teses. Conclui-se que a adequação do discurso jurídico adotado pelos advogados em audiências autocompositivas judiciais por intermédio da comunicação não violenta corrobora não somente...

espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las actitudes y habitos conductuales hacia la practica deportiva de las personas que viven en el medio rural en funcion del genero. Metodologicamente se ha seguido un diseno ex post facto con un analisis correlacional de las variables a partir de datos muestreados en condiciones naturales. Se han utilizado tres instrumentos para la recogida de datos: cuestionario, entrevistas y diarios de campo. La muestra a la que se ha aplicado el cuestionario ha sido de 260 personas distribuidas por el territorio nacional; el cuestionario ha sido aplicado por encuestadores profesionales y los datos se han validado a traves de la triangulacion, saturacion y negociacion de los mismos. Los resultados mostraron que en el medio rural el genero no es un factor determinante a la hora de tener el habito de realizar practica deportiva, pero si a la hora de elegir que tipo de actividades quieren practicar o el motivo por el cual se realiza dicha practica. Engl...

The aim of the project is to analise the emerging structural and institutional maps and networks of the mobilization of help in Krakow in the context of forced migrations from Ukraine. Our research documents both individual motivations as well as organizational/institutional challenges and positioning of social actors within these networks. The empirical data consists of in-depth interviews with key stakeholders (n: 34), an online survey amongst volunteers (n: 84), one focus group interview with representatives of both formal and informal organisations, as well as participatory observations.

This section offers a debate on G. Pedullà's Machiavelli in Tumult: The Discourses on Livy and the Origins of Political Conflictualism (Cambridge 2018). Its ambition is to bring together textual and philological analysis that is «internal» to the great fabric of Machiavellian exegesis, alongside theoretical-political questioning «external» to that fabric. The main objective is to offer a new image of Machiavelli as an author who breaks with a long and authoritative tradition, one which exalted concord as an absolute political value, and to inaugurate a new way of observing political and social phenomena.

la vez, busca explicar cómo en esas circunstancias se fue construyendo un relato simplificado en principios antagónicos, encuadrados en la Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional, que a la par que serviría para legitimar a las Fuerzas Armadas, orientar las acciones de los gobernadores de facto (1976-1983) en la lucha contra “la subversión terrorista”, sirvió también como “advertencia” como tranquilizador de conciencias para los años siguientes.

Nivel: Reseña bibliográficaFecha de recepción: 20 de julio de 2011Fecha de aprobación: 27 de agosto de 2011El libro que se presenta es resultado de la labor investigativa de un grupo de intelectuales latinoamericanos agrupados en el Grupo de Trabajo de CLACSO: “Juventud y nuevas prácticas políticas en América Latina”. El volumen está estructurado en diez capítulos que presentan, por un lado, detallados estados del arte de la producción académica sobre juventud en Argentina, Venezuela, Uruguay, Colombia, Brasil y Chile; por el otro lado, se profundizan algunas áreas temáticas específicas como juventud rural (en Brasil), pandillas (en América Latina) y nuevas prácticas políticas (para los casos de Argentina, Brasil y Chile).

Analisa-se o papel da mulher na organização sociopolítica atual do movimento quilombola no Pará. Com base na teoria do Reconhecimento e na perspectiva intersubjetiva de Comunicação, argumentamos que houve um deslocamento do papel da mulher nessas lutas: das responsabilidades domésticas à liderança política. A partir dos conceitos de reconhecimento, mobilização, ação coletiva e poder e também de dados de questionários, relatórios e outros documentos, examinamos o caráter interseccional dessa atuação política. Concluímos que está ocorrendo um processo de complexificação dos lugares e dos papéis da mulher quilombola por meio do associativismo e da construção de solidariedade, das mobilizações e da atuação para ampliação dos padrões de reconhecimento.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mulheres; Movimento Quilombola; Reconhecimento; Relações de Poder.     ABSTRACT It analyzes the role of women in the current sociopolitical organization of the quilombo movement in Pará. Based on the theory of recognition...

It has been argued that adaptive conflict management styles may protect students against bullying victimization and against negative effects of ongoing victimization on psychological school adjustment. Moreover, maladaptive conflict management styles may lead to victimization or intensify negative effects of victimization on school adjustment. Mediation and moderation models were computed to test these effects. Furthermore, a person-oriented approach compared noninvolved students, victims, and bully-victims regarding conflict management styles and school adjustment. A total of 172 individuals (77.2% female, mean age: 22.7 years) completed a retrospective online questionnaire about conflict management styles, bullying victimization and school adjustment during their school years. In the mediation model, conflict management styles were not associated with victimization, but there was a positive direct effect of the integrating style on school adjustment. In the moderation model, the i...

El presente articulo discute la importancia historica de los escritores y cronistas riojanos que, al escribir sobre la provincia desde las decadas finales del siglo XIX a primeras del siglo XX, fueron conformando un riojano ideal, potenciando una identidad especifica. La dicotomia civilizacion y barbarie que popularizara Sarmiento a nivel nacional, fue paradigmaticamente expresada localmente en el libro de Carmelo Valdes (1916) Tradiciones Riojanas: Blancos y Negros, y por ello, a partir de su lectura critica se propone indagar la intencionalidad de la construccion historica de riojanidad. En esta investigacion pretendi como investigador, relacionarme con la produccion textual de los escritores riojanos de fin del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX, como objetos de estudio en si, utilizando herramientas cientificas propias de la metodologia de la Historia, incorporando y contrastando diversas fuentes escritas, y orales. WHITE ON BLACK. LA RIOJA’S IDENTITY CONFORMED BY ITS WRITERS...

O desemprego é hoje uma realidade incontornável, particularmente nas sociedades ocidentais contemporâneas. As suas consequências são tendencialmente negativas e, no caso dos indivíduos com 55 ou mais anos, particularmente gravosas. Com o objetivo de compreender a experiência de desemprego involuntário de um grupo de ex-trabalhadores dos Estaleiros Navais de Viana do Castelo (Portugal), atendendo a este contexto socioeconómico e territorial específico, desenvolveu-se um estudo misto que incluiu 115 inquéritos por questionário e 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados evidenciaram uma diversidade de trajetórias individuais e profissionais, sendo que o fator Idade parece estar associado aos efeitos mais adversos, quer relativamente à experiência de desemprego, quer à probabilidade de reingresso no mercado de trabalho. Do ponto de vista da Política Social, esta evidência sugere a necessidade de medidas que contribuam para uma maior equidade na gestão da condição de desempregado.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados obtidos por meio de ações prospectivas intensivas, ocorridas no nordeste paulista entre maio e junho de 2011. O raio de cobertura das ações foi de 206 km, percorrendo doze municípios. Apesar de a área ser reconhecidamente rica em remanescentes materiais pré-coloniais, a abertura de mais de 4.103 poços-teste e as ações de caminhamento sistemático indicaram uma inesperada ausência deste tipo de vestígio. Entretanto, a pesquisa identificou, ao longo das áreas prospectadas, dezessete sítios históricos; fazendas, vilas de trabalhadores e estações ferroviárias, todas intimamente ligadas ao ciclo do café paulista (séculos XIX e primeira metade do século XX).

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre capitalismo, questão social e políticas sociais no Brasil. Ele tem como referência o materialismo histórico dialético. Nele é destacada a condição tardo-periférica do país no desenvolvimento capitalista e como o passado colonial ainda assombra a realidade nacional até a contemporaneidade. São destacadas algumas características da formação social brasileira que mediam a implantação e características do capitalismo nacional. As principais manifestações da questão social no país estão atreladas pobreza, exclusão, subalternidade, super-exploração do trabalho, passivação das lutas sociais e o precário sistema de proteção social. Nesse contexto a questão social é tratada historicamente no país como questão de polícia e não política. Apenas com a constituição de 1988 os país passa aspirar políticas públicas mais universalizantes. Entretanto, a constituição é promulgada em período da crise fiscal do Estado e sua “efetivação” se dá sobre o ...

This research provides an analytical characterization of the conflict in allocation of resources for electricity generation, where the urban group and rural group have bounded knowledge on each other’s internal states and have to rely on observable strategic choices and behaviors in adjusting their own internal states to achieve a societal equilibrium. The result is a unique Nash equilibrium where the society is waiting for further decision, which is costly to the society as a whole. The key feature of the theory is the adjustment of groups’ internal attitudes through the revelation of perceptions and beliefs in an organization of communicative action, that the participative groups can reach agreement on their ideologies and institutionalize these into practical rules. This organization will correct the prediction of each other’s internal states and lead the society into an equilibrium involving better justice. 
An empirical study was performed on a rural group in the Mae Mo area, where the largest lignite power generating station is located. It is found that their motivation is self-interest for their welfare, and their internal affects are active and participative in the allocation of resources.  On the other hand, the urban groups are identified as being industrial and business groups and their self-interest attitude results in minimum cost electricity prices and greater expansion of electricity generation. It is also found that the current organization of communicative action between the two opposing groups through the governmental bureaucratic system is not effective. The choices and behaviors of both groups converge to the theoretical prediction of waiting for a further decision, which is a unique Nash equilibrium similar to the well-known prisoner dilemma situation.
The data suggest that some of the conflicting subjects require interpersonal comparison of utility and critical value judgment between the two opposing groups. Thus, it is proposed that a local organization of communicative action should be created to facilitate the discourse of these groups and internalize the agreements into a practical electricity pricing formulae. These localized agreements imply the multi-electricity pricing system depending on the local stability conditions. This will fairly allocate the resources and take the society into a social justice equilibrium position.

This thesis aimed at examining the use of impoliteness in the UFC Press Conference. The phenomena of impoliteness can be found in any human interaction. It also can be found in any situation. One of them is entertainment. One of the entertainments show is UFC. This thesis examines the impoliteness strategies in UFC Press Conference. This study aims to analyze the use of impoliteness done by Conor McGregor and its responses done by Khabib Nurmagomedov. Furthermore, this thesis also analyzes entertainment factors that trigger the use of impoliteness done by McGregor. The press conference of UFC 229 between Conor McGregor and Khabib Nurmagomedov is selected as the data of this study. In this research, the researcher applies Culpeper's (2005) framework about impoliteness and its responses. Moreover, Culpeper’s theory about generic factors is applied. The researcher in this study applies a qualitative approach. In order to collect the data, the researcher transcribes press conference...

Rédigé dans une perspective critique et s’inscrivant dans le cadre d’une réflexion sur le rapport dynamique et dialectique entre la technique et la société, l’ouvrage de De Grosbois propose une lecture plurielle d’Internet dans la conjoncture. Une lecture où ce réseau est appréhendé comme un champ de bataille dans lequel se matérialisent plusieurs rapports sociaux. L’auteur revient sur les événements marquants qui ont jalonné l’histoire de ce réseau, sur ses forces, ses résistances, mais également son intrication avec le politique face à « la rapacité, l’appétit de contrôle et la violence socio-économique du capitalisme numérique » (p. 222).

How did workers affect-and how were they affected by-the dramatic transformations of U.S. war-making that have occurred since the mid-twentieth century? Where do such transformations leave workers and war in the twenty-first century? Using newly compiled data on workers' strikes in the U.S. armaments industries from World War II through the present, this paper examines the relationship between labor and military-industrial restructuring. The paper introduces the concept of regimes of war-making and makes three main arguments. First, workers' power was a significant force shaping the shift from a regime of mass mobilization war-making to a regime of neoliberal war-making, as armaments firms aimed to overcome the constraints imposed by workers in the mid-twentieth century. Wartime mobilizations-for Korea and Vietnam-temporarily stymied these efforts by enhancing the disruptive power of workers, who leveraged that power into pauses or reversals of firms' initial attempts at restructuring. Second, U.S. defeat in Vietnam was a watershed moment. Mass mobilization was abandoned, and the changing nature of war meant that subsequent military buildups offered workers little leverage with which to resist restructuring. Third, in the twenty-first century, the combination of greatly expanded wars and decades of restructuring has resulted in a bifurcation among armaments workers, between those producing supplies needed for pressing counterinsurgency operations and those producing other innovative, but unused, systems. Thus, while the regime of neoliberal war-making has reduced the size and strength of armaments workers in general, some still have significant disruptive potential at the present juncture.

Conflict is a problem that is often faced in daily life, including husband and wife. Conflict in the household can lead to positive and negative things such as a divorce or violence in a household. The problem of conflict is closely related to the threat of “face” or a person self-esteem. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of face experienced by hearer (wife) in a household conflict that is particularly occurred on wife after her husband performs Face Threatening Acts. The method used in this research was qualitative, descriptive methods, i.e. it gives descriptive result about the impact of Face Threatening Acts usage and strategies in a household conflict obtained from several popular psychology books. The results showed that in general the impact of FTA used by a husband against his wife in the household conflict caused face loss on behalf of his wife (the loss of self-esteem). This happened because her feelings were more dominant and she generally avoided a confli...

Varela, Cecilia Ines; Martynowskyj, Estefania; Gonzalez, Felipe; Sánchez, Alexandra; Albornoz, Maximiliano; et al. (2021). Estudio diagnóstico sobre la situación habitacional de las trabajadoras sexuales en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19: acceso a la vivienda y violencia institucional en el Barrio de Constitución. Buenos Aires: Cecilia Inés Varela. ISBN: 978-987-88-2889-3

En el presente artículo de investigación se propone abordar un importante periodo en las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Colombia. Luego del malestar creado por la pérdida de Panamá, la presidencia de Enrique Olaya Herrera logró cerrar toda prevención o herida en las élites nacionales y propició la más cerrada y leonina defensa que de los intereses estadounidenses en Colombia se hubiera hecho durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Para argumentar tal hipótesis, el artículo expone brevemente las condiciones que precedieron al Gobierno de Olaya: su elección como presidente en medio de cruciales acuerdos —explícitos e implícitos— con banqueros, empresas petroleras y burócratas estatales en Washington y, finalmente, su decisivo papel en la máxima magistratura. Apoyado en la bibliografía existente, en observación de prensa, pero sobre todo en documentos hasta ahora inéditos del Archivo Nacional de Estados Unidos, el artículo deja en claro lo sucedido, al tiempo que analiza y reprod...

A discussão dessa temática acontece em entrevista com Márcio Zonta, formado em Jornalismo e Relações Públicas, com especialização em estudos latino-americanos. Há aproximadamente 10 anos iniciou seu trabalho como jornalista para o “Brasil de Fato”, com a cobertura de violência policial em favelas de São Paulo e, posteriormente, tornou-se correspondente do jornal no Pará, no Maranhão e no Peru – três regiões fortemente marcadas pelo processo minerador, levando-o a se debruçar sobre o tema da mineração e suas mazelas na América Latina.  Em meados de 2013, ao retornar da cobertura dos conflitos na mineração norte peruana, se integrou ao coletivo de sujeitos que formulavam a elaboração do movimento brasileiro que hoje é reconhecido como MAM: Movimento Pela Soberania Popular na Mineração, do qual ocupa a coordenação nacional atualmente.

Poverty has remained the subject of intense debate to the extent that it has inhibited consistency in policies, resulting in less substantial success. Where there is a shared vision, views on the causes of poverty and conflicting goals and priorities often result in compromises and inconsistencies. Therefore the link between policy and poverty reduction becomes important and influential since whichever strategy is applied and followed will have direct results and bearing on the policies. Lesotho is faced with serious challenges of unemployment, poverty, HIV/AIDS and other development deficiencies due to the increasing closure of mines in the Republic of South Africa, high retrenchment rates, declining prices of both gold and other commodities on the world market and the changing faces and demands of the world. This study investigated and evaluated whether the Lesotho"s Industrial Policy had been effective in poverty reduction. The study focuses on the manufacturing sector in Le...

SARA conflict adorns the life of the Indonesian people in recent years. The tendency of each community group to emphasize their respective identities, both cultural and religious identity. The phenomenon of mastering public space by certain religious identities was found in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, precisely in the village of Sengkan, Desa Condongcatur, Sleman. In this village, the names of the streets were found with the nuances of city names written in the Bible. In conducting this study, the author examines how the impact of the emergence of certain religious identities in public space, as well as how the role of community leaders in creating consensus in the public space. This paper was analyzed using discourse theory and consensus of Jürgen Habermas. The concept of Habermas's public space is a space for critical discussion and is open to everyone. What discourse theory wants to show is not the purpose of society, but only the way or procedure to achieve the goal. R...

This study examines the impact of capital inflows (FDI, ODA and Remittances) on economic growth in COMESA member countries. Applying System GMM estimation, the study finds a positive and significant relationship between capital inflows (except remittances) and GDP per capita growth, supporting the positive role capital inflows play in bridging the savings and investment gap, by providing finance for investment. However, remittances do not significantly influence GDP per capital growth. Remittances contribute positively to GDP per capita growth only when interacted with a variable for domestic financial depth. Examining whether capital inflows adversely affect economic growth, the study finds that except for the remittances whose effect is not significant, capital inflows (FDI, ODA and total inflows) leads to an appreciation of the REER, that may be detrimental to growth. The parameter for remittances does not significantly effect REER, implying that remittances are in most cases use...

Purpose: This research is a study that aims to parse the form of citizens' resistance in Kemusu Sub-district who commit the act of refusal toward government policies that do the construction of Kedung Ombo Reservoir. Methodology: Research is done by historical method, namely starting with collecting the data, both written and spoken sources. Utilizing the archives from related institutions, scientific publications, reports and investigations, newspaper clippings, press releases and statements, and the last are observations and interviews. After the data has been obtained, they are analyzed and interpreted by referring to the theory of social movement. The main findings: This study reveals the citizens' resistance in Kemusu Sub-district toward the construction of the Kedung Ombo Reservoir as an effort to preserve the habitat of its life. Therefore, the radicalization of the resistance is done in various ways, from the symbolic to the struggle to the realm of the law. Neverthe...

There is a significant challenge in responding to second waves of COVID-19 cases, with governments being hesitant in introducing hard lockdown measures given the resulting economic impact. In addition, rising case numbers reflect an increase in coronavirus transmission some time previously, so timing of response measures is highly important. Australia experienced a second wave from June 2020 onwards, confined to greater Melbourne, with initial social distancing measures failing to reduce rapidly increasing case numbers. We conducted a detailed analysis of this outbreak, together with an evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative response strategies, to provide guidance to countries experiencing second waves of SARS-Cov-2 transmission. An individual-based transmission model was used to (1) describe a second-wave COVID-19 epidemic in Australia; (2) evaluate the impact of lockdown strategies used; and (3) evaluate effectiveness of alternative mitigation strategies. The model was ca...