History of Sience

In the current research, atempts are made to formulate new hypotheses on the processes that could have determined the shape of the sail of the umbrella vault of Pazzi Chapel in Santa Croce church in Florence. The descriptons given so far, verifed through three-dimensional models, despite whether drew near to geometry, did not give any explanaton of building process, which is a core issue for explaining the peculiar shape of vaults. The analyses are done by correlatng detailed surveys and geometric analyses of the vault, comprising the curves, surfaces and the possible masonry texture with the hypothesized form. The vault is double-sailed and the form of the inner sail (conchoid surface) is obtained by a three-dimensional transformaton of an outher sail (toric surface), with respect to the fxed point (dome’s oculus) and constant lenght (torus radius), like the Nicomedes conchoid in 2d.

This essay follows my edition of Alexandre von Humboldt's five year journey in the Americas for Penguin Books and the puzzle of who Bonpland, his companion, was. I followed him to Buenos Aires and then to Paraguay and Pas de los Libres. His life was so odd that his adventures were  almost fiction. Bonpland died in Argentina in 1858.

The article contains verification of authenticity researches
of mythological data recorded in Jonas Lasickis (Łasicki, Lasitzki, Lasicius,
Lasitius) “De diis Samagitarum caeterorumque Sarmatarum et
falsorum Christianorum” (1615) carried out by Dionizas Poška and
Teodoras Narbutas the scientists of second half of the 19th century. It
also discusses how does the linguistic and functional reconstruction of
Baltic theonyms indicated by J. Lasickis and performed by the before
mentioned scientists resonates in significant works of mythologists of
19th–21st century. // Straipsnyje verifikuojami XIX a. antrosios pusės mokslininkų
Dionizo Poškos bei Teodoro Narbuto atlikti Jono Lasickio (Łasicki,
Lasitzki, Lasicius, Lasitius) knygelėje „De diis Samagitarum caeterorumque
Sarmatarum et falsorum Christianorum“ (1615) užfiksuotų
mitologinių duomenų autentiškumo tyrimai. Aptariama, kaip minėtųjų
mokslininkų įvykdyta J. Lasickio pažymėtųjų baltiškųjų teonimų lingvistinė
bei funkcinė rekonstrukcija rezonuoja žymesnių XIX–XXI a.
mitologų darbuose.

A centralização do Estado nacional brasileiro no século XIX foi feita por meio de uma construção historiográfica da qual tambémk fazia parte a narração de seus limites. Nesse sentido desenvoveu-se uma narrativa territorial que inscreveu o Estado no espaço através da cartografia, problema este que buscamos demarcar por meio deste artigo.

Vaccination against smallpox has been known and frequently applied in Ottoman Empire for a long time. While it has been found that there are some disadvantages of the vaccine obtained from human along with developments in microbiology in Europe. Vaccine obtained from calf was preferred instead of the vaccine obtained from human. In 1866, the first private institute of animal vaccine was established by Dr. Ernest Chambon in Paris. By the time of progress, vaccination against smallpox became widespread throughout Europe, and Ottoman Empire also brought and applied that animal vaccine produced in Europe. Dr. Hüseyin Remzi Bey, one of the Ottoman physicians of that period, attempted to establish an institute for production of this vaccine in our country rather than bringing it from Europe. Eventually, the institute (Telkihhâne-i Şâhâne) was established in 1892. Therefore, the process of establishment of the institute, attempts of Dr. Hüseyin Remzi Bey, and problems in the process remained partially in the dark.
In this article, all documents obtained from the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archive on the establishment process of Telkihhâne-i Şâhâne were transcribed and evaluated with previous studies. Thus, the dark spots were tried to be clarified

In this presentation, the main differences between Muslim mathematicians and legal scholars on the methods for finding qibla in the Safavid period in Iran have been approached. This talk is given in June 2013 at the Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Iran.