A Re-Description of ‘Mycterosaurus’ smithae, an Early Permian Eothyridid, and Its Impact on the Phylogeny of Pelycosaurian-Grade Synapsids

“…; Benson ; Reisz & Fröbisch ; Brocklehurst et al . , b) than to the results of Romano & Nicosia (). Also more similar to these past analyses than to that of Romano & Nicosia () is that A. dolani and A. romeri form a paraphyletic grade rather than a clade.…”

“…Cusp morphology varies significantly among caseids, and apical dental complexity does not appear to be related to size or to caseid tree topology (Maddin, Sidor & Reisz, 2008). Recent phylogenetic analyses (Brocklehurst et al, 2016; Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014) have confirmed the general tree topology of caseid synapsids, with Eocasea as the sister to all other members of the clade. The other caseid taxa that have well preserved dentition, are positioned with Oromycter, Casea broili, Euromycter, Ennatosaurus sequentially more deeply nested within Caseidae, and with Angelosaurus and Cotylorhynchus as sister taxa (Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014).…”

“…The premaxillary tooth series (Figure 1 ) of Mesenosaurus efremovi contains five tooth positions in all known premaxillae (Table S1 ). Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus , which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001 ) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al., 2016 ; Campione & Reisz, 2010 ; Langston & Reisz, 1981 ; Reisz & Dilkes, 2003 ; Spindler et al., 2018 ). In palatal view, the tooth row of M. efremovi curves distally away from the mid‐sagittal line of the premaxilla, along the ventral margin (Figure 1 ) due to the anterior end of the snout being squared off.…”

“…Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus, which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al, 2016;Campione & Reisz, 2010;Langston & Reisz, 1981;Reisz & Dilkes, 2003;Spindler et al, 2018).…”

“…; Benson ; Reisz & Fröbisch ; Brocklehurst et al . , b) than to the results of Romano & Nicosia (). Also more similar to these past analyses than to that of Romano & Nicosia () is that A. dolani and A. romeri form a paraphyletic grade rather than a clade.…”

“…Cusp morphology varies significantly among caseids, and apical dental complexity does not appear to be related to size or to caseid tree topology (Maddin, Sidor & Reisz, 2008). Recent phylogenetic analyses (Brocklehurst et al, 2016; Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014) have confirmed the general tree topology of caseid synapsids, with Eocasea as the sister to all other members of the clade. The other caseid taxa that have well preserved dentition, are positioned with Oromycter, Casea broili, Euromycter, Ennatosaurus sequentially more deeply nested within Caseidae, and with Angelosaurus and Cotylorhynchus as sister taxa (Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014).…”

“…The premaxillary tooth series (Figure 1 ) of Mesenosaurus efremovi contains five tooth positions in all known premaxillae (Table S1 ). Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus , which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001 ) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al., 2016 ; Campione & Reisz, 2010 ; Langston & Reisz, 1981 ; Reisz & Dilkes, 2003 ; Spindler et al., 2018 ). In palatal view, the tooth row of M. efremovi curves distally away from the mid‐sagittal line of the premaxilla, along the ventral margin (Figure 1 ) due to the anterior end of the snout being squared off.…”

“…Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus, which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al, 2016;Campione & Reisz, 2010;Langston & Reisz, 1981;Reisz & Dilkes, 2003;Spindler et al, 2018).…”

“…; Benson ; Reisz & Fröbisch ; Brocklehurst et al . , b) than to the results of Romano & Nicosia (). Also more similar to these past analyses than to that of Romano & Nicosia () is that A. dolani and A. romeri form a paraphyletic grade rather than a clade.…”

“…Cusp morphology varies significantly among caseids, and apical dental complexity does not appear to be related to size or to caseid tree topology (Maddin, Sidor & Reisz, 2008). Recent phylogenetic analyses (Brocklehurst et al, 2016; Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014) have confirmed the general tree topology of caseid synapsids, with Eocasea as the sister to all other members of the clade. The other caseid taxa that have well preserved dentition, are positioned with Oromycter, Casea broili, Euromycter, Ennatosaurus sequentially more deeply nested within Caseidae, and with Angelosaurus and Cotylorhynchus as sister taxa (Reisz & Fröbisch, 2014).…”

“…The premaxillary tooth series (Figure 1 ) of Mesenosaurus efremovi contains five tooth positions in all known premaxillae (Table S1 ). Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus , which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001 ) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al., 2016 ; Campione & Reisz, 2010 ; Langston & Reisz, 1981 ; Reisz & Dilkes, 2003 ; Spindler et al., 2018 ). In palatal view, the tooth row of M. efremovi curves distally away from the mid‐sagittal line of the premaxilla, along the ventral margin (Figure 1 ) due to the anterior end of the snout being squared off.…”

“…Having five tooth positions is consistent within the genus Mesenosaurus, which includes M. romeri (Reisz & Berman, 2001) while varying between three to six tooth positions amongst other varanopids (Brocklehurst et al, 2016;Campione & Reisz, 2010;Langston & Reisz, 1981;Reisz & Dilkes, 2003;Spindler et al, 2018).…”