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. 2017 Apr 13:(78):109-131.
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.78.12189. eCollection 2017.

Adetogramma (Polypodiaceae), a new monotypic fern genus segregated from Polypodium

Thaís Elias Almeida  1 , Alexandre Salino  2 , Jean-Yves Dubuisson  3   4 , Sabine Hennequin  3   4
Affiliations

Adetogramma (Polypodiaceae), a new monotypic fern genus segregated from Polypodium

Thaís Elias Almeida et al. PhytoKeys. .

Abstract

Polypodiaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant families of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Despite multiple studies investigating its phylogeny and taxonomy, several generic boundaries within the family still need clarification. One of the most problematic circumscriptions is that of Polypodium L., and one species that still contributes to this uncertainty is Polypodium chrysolepis Hook. The main goal of this study was to use molecular and morphological data to clarify the relationships of P. chrysolepis inside the polygrammoid clade. Sequences from three plastid regions (cpDNA - rbcL, rps4 and rps4-trnS IGS) from fifty species belonging to thirty-two genera of Polypodiaceae were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Polypodium chrysolepis constitutes an isolated lineage among the neotropical polygrammoid ferns, close to Serpocaulon and the grammitids, and is recognized here in a new genus. It can be distinguished by its entire leaves with free veins and peltate, pedicellate, lanceolate paraphyses. A new combination, Adetogramma chrysolepis, is proposed and a new taxonomic treatment is presented; its conservation status was assessed using IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Keywords: Andes; Polypodiaceae; Serpocaulon; phylogeny; taxonomy.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Majority rule consensus tree resultant from Bayesian inference analyses from combined rbcL and rps4 datasets. Values above branches nodes correspond to Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum likelihood bootstrap support, respectively. +/+ indicates with 1.00 PP and 100% BS support. Clades cited in text follow Schneider et al. (2004); gray shade indicates neotropical Polypodiaceae. Adetogramma chrysolepis is highlighted in orange.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Adetogramma chrysolepis (Hook.) T.E.Almeida. A Habit B Rhizome scale C Sterile lamina detail showing free venation and laminar scales D Fertile lamina detail showing sori, paraphyses, and laminar scales E Paraphysis detail. Drawings A–D by H. Fukuda from Dorr et al. 6764 (NY); drawing E by Juliana Ventura from T.E. Almeida & L.L. Giacomin 3121 (BHCB). Scale bars: A = 5 cm, B–E = 1 mm.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Adetogramma chrysolepis (Hook.) T.E.Almeida. A, B Scanning electron micrography (SEM); magnification 75× and 1750×, respectively A Sori showing sporangia and paraphysis (the latter indicated by an arrow head) B Spores. Images from Almeida & Giacomin 3121 (BHCB). Scale bars: A = 500 μm, B = 20 μm.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Adetogramma chrysolepis (Hook.) T.E.Almeida. A Fertile and sterile fronds B Detail of abaxial surface of fertile frond, showing laminar scales and paraphyses C Juvenile sterile leaves. (A) and (B) from C. Martín 730 (SI), (C) from C. Martín 479 (SI).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Distribution of Adetogramma chrysolepis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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