This entry contributed by Michel Barran

American physicist who was educated at Harward University, receiving his Ph.D. in 1949 under the direction of John van Vleck . He worked at the Naval Research Laboratory (1943-45), then worked at Bell Labs from 1949 until his retirement in 1984. In addition, he also worked as a part-time visiting professor in Cambridge, England, and from 1975 held a professorship at Princeton.

He carried out research into quantum theory, especially theoretical physics, of solid, magnetism, superconductivity, and superfluidity. He shared the 1977 Nobel Prize with van Vleck and Neville Mott for their fundamental theoretical investigation of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems, work related to the properties of semiconductors.